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Biomedical subjects

S Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to S Aoki.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Nodular primary cutaneous amyloidosis. Isolation and characterization of amyloid fibrils.

A case of nodular cutaneous amyloidosis and Sjögren's syndrome occurred in a 63-year-old woman. Nodules had been seen for the past ten years and Sjögren's syndrome had accompanied amyloidosis for the last three years. The concomitant occurrence of nodular cutaneous amyloidosis and Sjögren's syndrome may not be by chance, since four of 12 cases of nodular cutaneous amyloidosis that have been reported to date in Japan were in patients with both amyloidosis and Sjögren's syndrome. The amyloid deposits in the tissue were stained with anti-lambda light-chain amyloid antibody. Amyloid fibrils were purified from the skin lesions in this patient and were characterized biochemically, immunologically, and ultrastructurally. The results indicated that the amyloid fibrils consisted of 29,000-, 20,000-, and 17,000- dalton peptides, the 29,000-dalton peptide of which was shown to react with the lambda light chain of immunoglobulin by immunoblot study.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1986

Canada-Cronkhite syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.

A 43-year-old woman with a history of systemic lupus erythematosus manifested severe diarrhea, generalized gastrointestinal polyposis, pigmentation, and onychodystrophy, which were typical of Canada-Cronkhite syndrome. The exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus, presenting with hemolytic anemia and subsequently with profound proteinuria, was seen during the course of this syndrome. The patient achieved complete symptomatic remissions of both entities for more than four years following prednisolone therapy; the resolution of the gastrointestinal polyps was confirmed histologically. This case showed that this syndrome could be completely reversible in its course and that it might have an exogenous cause, as previously suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Antibodies to nonenzymatically glucosylated albumin in the human serum.

The existence of antibodies to nonenzymatically glucosylated albumin was investigated in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects. The sera from both the nondiabetic and the diabetic subjects were shown to contain the proteins which bound to reductively glucosylated albumin. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that the antibodies specific for reductively glucosylated albumin existed in the sera containing the binding proteins. For binding the antibodies glucitollysine as the glucose adduct in reductively glucosylated albumin was an effective competitor. The hexose alcohol epimers glucitol and mannitol were also effective competitors compatible with glucitollysine. Our results suggest that the antibodies to reductively glucosylated albumin are widely present not only in the diabetic subjects but also in the nondiabetic subjects and cross-react with the hexose alcohol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Induction of chronic polyarthritis in rabbits by hyperimmunization with Escherichia coli. I. Pathologic and serologic features in two breeds of rabbits.

Hyperimmunization of 147 rabbits (outbred Japanese white rabbits and New Zealand white [NZW] rabbits bred in a closed colony) with heat-killed Escherichia coli 0:14 in Freund's incomplete adjuvant resulted in the animals developing a chronic polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA). While both Japanese white and NZW rabbits showed a high incidence of the induced arthritis, a higher proportion of NZW rabbits developed the disease, suggesting that genetic influence is important in the development of RA-like illness. This experimental model may be useful for the study of RA.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Regulatory mechanism of cell pH in the renal proximal tubule of bullfrog nephron.

To examine the cellular mechanism of urinary acidification in detail, micropuncture studies were performed on the in situ bullfrog proximal tubule with nigericin-based pH microelectrodes. Pencil-type double-barreled antimony microelectrodes were also used for monitoring pHs of the tubular fluids. Luminal perfusion of 10(-3) M cyanide caused a biphasic change in cell pH (pHi): i.e., early acidification by 0.04 pH unit in 2 min and later alkalinization by 0.04. A profound depolarization of 30-35 mV was observed in the peritubular membrane potential (EM Peri), although the tubular fluid pH (pHTF) was elevated by 0.11 unit. Luminal substitution of 100 mM Na+ by Li+ acidified the cell by 0.06 pH unit with a depolarization of EM Peri by 8 mV and an alkalinization of pHTF by 0.10 unit. It is a fact that cellular acidification and luminal alkalinization are in good agreement with the depression of luminal H+ secretory mechanism. Perfusion of 10(-4) M SITS from the peritubular side caused a rise in pHi by 0.04 without appreciable changes in EM Peri in the short period application. Peritubular perfusion of 10(-4) M ouabain lowered the pHi by 0.07 with a resulting depolarization of EM Peri by 15.4 mV, meanwhile, the pHTF, while initially lowered by 0.07 unit, was elevated 4 min later by 0.12. Inhibitions of the peritubular ion transport mechanism caused some pH changes in the same direction, both in the cell interior and the tubular fluid. Further, from the ouabain experiment, it is inferred that some linkages, mediated by Na+ and H+(or HCO3-), would exist between the peritubular and luminal membranes.

4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfo↗
PubMed1985

What interaction does indoor nitrogen dioxide have on the effect of the automobile exhaust.

An attempt was made to investigate the effects of automobile exhaust to the people living alongside major traffic arterial in Tokyo. Several hundreds of housewives aged from 40 to 59 who lived more than 3 years were sampled both from the area A; within 20 m from road side, and from the area B which extended from 20 m to 150 m along the road next to the area A. ATS-DLD questionnaire was used to check the prevalence of respiratory symptom, its results was analysed with a deliberate consideration on smoking habits and using status of unvented kerosene space heater. Among each symptom prevalence, difference between the area A and the B was observed significantly in symptom rate related persistent cough and phlegm. These differences became much distinguished in non-smoking group and people not using unvented heater. For about one tenth of sample subject, joined the study of measurement of personal exposure to NO2 for 24 hr using NO2 filter badge. The average concentration of exposure depends largely on heater using status but does not on the study area, even though the atmospheric concentration of NO2 in the area A was higher than that of the area B. The difference of symptom prevalence between the study area becomes not significant compared with the group of using unvented heater. This means that, we suppose, the substantial higher symptom prevalence which observed in the area along the roadside is masked by repeated exposure to elevated indoor concentration of NO2 resulted from using kerosene space heater.

Climate↗
PubMed1985

[A case of complete regression of gastric carcinoma and liver metastases by treatment with tegafur].

The patient was a 70-year-old man who had complained of epigastric discomfort since March 1980. In April his liver was found to be enlarged on examination by his family doctor, and he was referred to our hospital. By X-ray and endoscopic examination a carcinoma of Borrmann type 2 was found in the lesser curvature of the body of the stomach. Biopsy of the tumor disclosed papillotubular adenocarcinoma. multiple liver metastases were demonstrated by computed tomography. From May 1980 tegafur (FT-207, 750 mg) in the from of a suppository was given daily. During the course of endoscopic follow-up the shape of the gastric carcinoma changed to one of an irregular shallow ulceration and biopsy failed to reveal cancer cells in August 1980. In April 1981 only an ulcer scar remained in the stomach. In February 1981 computed tomography showed small low-density areas in the liver, but these had completely disappeared by June 1982. Starting in August 1980, tegafur suppository was given on alternate days until June 1984. By this time there had been no recurrence of the carcinoma either in the liver or in the stomach, and the chemotherapy was discontinued. By the WHO standard for cancer chemotherapy this patient therefore corresponds to the class of complete response.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Dose-related enhancing effect of potassium bromate on renal tumorigenesis in rats initiated with N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethyl-nitrosamine.

Dose-response studies were undertaken to investigate the enhancing activity of potassium bromate (KBrO3), a food additive, on renal tumorigenesis initiated by N-ethyl-N-hydroxyethylnitrosamine (EHEN). A total of 180 male 6-week-old F344 rats were divided into 12 groups. EHEN was given in the drinking water for the first 2 weeks at a concentration of 500 ppm for initiation of carcinogenesis. Thereafter, the rats were treated orally either with KBrO3 at a concentration of 500, 250, 125, 60, 30 or 15 ppm, or with potassium bromide (KBr) at a concentration of 1750 or 350 ppm for 24 weeks. The mean numbers of kidney dysplastic foci were significantly increased in a dose-related manner in rats treated with more than 30 ppm KBrO3. The mean number of renal cell tumors was significantly higher after treatment with KBrO3 at the highest concentration of 500 ppm. On the other hand, KBr had no effect. It was concluded that KBrO3 at doses higher than 30 ppm in the drinking water has an enhancing effect on renal tumorigenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical evaluation of aztreonam for complicated urinary tract infection].

Efficacy and safety of Aztreonam, a monobactam antibiotic developed by E.R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. U.S.A., in complicated urinary tract infections (UTI) were studied. Aztreonam was administered to 15 patients with complicated UTI admitted to our Hospitals between July, 1984 and January, 1985. A two-gram dose of Aztreonam was administered twice a day intravenously or intraductally for 5 days consecutively. There were 11 evaluable cases in accordance with the UTI Drug Efficacy Evaluation Standard (the second issue). Overall clinical effect of these cases were "excellent" in 6 cases, "good" in 2 cases and "poor" in 3 cases. All the effective cases ("excellent" and "good") were of single infections and all the non-effective cases ("poor") were of complicated infections. All of the gram-negative pathogens and 4 of the 8 gram-positive pathogens were eliminated. In no cases were side effects or significantly abnormal laboratory findings reported. Therefore, Aztreonam is very effective and safe for complicated UTI, especially gram-negative infections.

Adult↗