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Biomedical subjects

S Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to S Aoki.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of anti-insulin antibody on insulin binding to liver membranes: evidence against antibody-induced enhancement of insulin binding to the insulin receptor.

In the presence of anti-insulin antibody, 2-to 3-fold enhancement of 125I-insulin binding to liver membranes was observed when binding was estimated by the radioactivity of 125I-insulin bound to the membrane pellets. However, after 125I-insulin was covalently cross-linked to liver membranes using disuccinimidyl suberate in the presence of anti-insulin antibody, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography showed that 125I-insulin bound to the alpha-subunit of the insulin receptor was inhibited by anti-insulin insulin antibody in an dose-dependent manner. More importantly, at an anti-insulin antibody dilution range between 1:50 and 1:5,000, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed two 125I-labelled bands of mol wt 62,000 and 27,000, while only one band of mol wt 130,000 was revealed in the absence of anti-insulin antibody. These Mr = 62,000 and Mr = 27,000 bands were found to be the heavy and the light chain of anti-insulin IgG molecules respectively. Pepsin digested anti-insulin serum had only an inhibitory effect on 125I-insulin binding to liver membranes. Non-immunized guinea pig serum or IgG completely abolished the enhanced effect of anti-insulin antibody. Further, this enhanced effect was inhibited by Fc fragment-specific anti-IgG serum or H&L-chain-specific anti-IgG serum in a dose-dependent manner. Protein A also inhibited the effect of anti-insulin antibody. In IM-9 lymphocytes and human red blood cell ghosts, which have no Fc gamma receptors, enhancement of insulin binding was not observed in the presence of anti-insulin antibody.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Experimental study on secondary amyloidosis associated with chronic arthritis.

Various organs from rabbits immunized with heat-killed E. coli 0:14 to induce chronic polyarthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were examined for amyloid deposition since amyloidosis is a frequent feature of long-standing RA. Amyloids were confirmed mainly by polarizing as well as nonpolarizing light microscopy after Congo red staining and partly by electron microscopy and immunoperoxidase technique. Amyloid deposits after an additional 2 months from the first appearance of arthritis were most frequently found in the spleen and kidneys suggesting secondary amyloidosis. Amyloidosis was observed in 36% of 75 arthritic rabbits. The incidence of amyloidosis was significantly higher in the arthritic rabbits than in the non-arthritic rabbits (p less than 0.05). This suggests that prolonged sensitization with heat-killed E. coli 0:14 containing endotoxic substance participates in the formation of both arthritis and amyloidosis.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1986

[Application of health questionnaires for health management in small- and medium-sized enterprises].

Two kinds of health questionnaires, the Todai Health Index (THI) and Cumulative Fatigue Index (CFI), were applied as a screening device for health management of workers belonging to small-medium sized enterprises. A total of 495 workers composed of 452 male workers of a glass-bottle manufacturing factory and 43 male workers of a soft-drink bottling factory were the subjects of the present study. It was found that the two kinds of health questionnaires were different from each other and have their own characteristics. Twelve scales of THI were grouped into two, the first consisting of ten scales (SUSY, RESP, EYSK, MOUT, DIGE, IMPU, MENT, DEPR, NERV, and LIFE) and the second consisting of two scales (AGGR and LISC). Nine categories of CFI were grouped into one by using principal factor analysis. It was confirmed that the twelve scale scores of THI obtained at small-medium sized factories differed from those scale scores of a reference group investigated at a large-sized enterprise. It is on the basis of the scales of aggressiveness and lies and also of the scale of mental unstability which characterizes workers, locality, job (clerical or field work), and size of industry (large or small sized) that the difference could be evaluated. Urban life characterized by a life style of staying up late at night and waking up late in the morning has been reflected on the scale of life irregularity. Irregularity of life induced by transformation of working schedule, such as two or three shifts of work and overtime, was also reflected on this scale. Two scales of THI test, i.e., many subjective symptoms and digestive organ complaints, seemed to be the representative scales indicating a close relation between work load and health level. The discriminant score for diagnosis of psychosomatic diseases is considered to be one of the most useful assessments of the individual's health condition. As mentioned above, THI is recommended as a convenient assessment method for health management of workers and for screening individuals or groups requiring health management from the total respondents belonging to small-medium sized enterprises where health administrators or professionals for health services are not available. A combined use of THI and CFI is more effective in evaluating health status of field workers than the independent use of one of these two tests, because the causal relationship between work load and health status cannot be satisfactorily observed, only through THI.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Chronic T cell leukemia with a NK phenotype reacting with anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) mouse monoclonal antibody.

We describe a patient demonstrating chronic T cell leukemia with a natural killer (NK) phenotype. The leukemic cells could be stained by OKT 3 (T cells), anti-Leu-7 and anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) (NK cells) but not anti-Leu-11 monoclonal mouse antibody (activated NK cells). Fresh mononuclear cells showed a very low NK activity, although this activity returned to normal levels after 18 days incubation with interleukin-2 and some stimulants. It was not known why the NK activity of fresh mononuclear cells was low. This report is the first on leukemia characterized by anti-MAG monoclonal antibody.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of clival chordomas.

Chordoma of the clivus is one of the skull base tumors which originate from the remains of the notochord. The magnetic resonance findings in six patients are reported. The tumors showed slightly low intensity on T1 weighted images, but high intensity on T2 weighted images. The localization of the tumor was easily recognized by the disappearance of the normal signal in the clivus. Compression of the pons and medulla oblongata was readily diagnosed on sagittal images. A normal pituitary gland was demonstrated in all cases. Magnetic resonance imaging was useful for the diagnosis and for the surgical treatment of these chordomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Dose-response studies on the carcinogenicity of potassium bromate in F344 rats after long-term oral administration.

Dose-response studies on the carcinogenicity of potassium bromate (KBrO3), a food additive, were undertaken to examine its effects at low doses. A total of 148 6-week-old male inbred F344 rats were divided into 7 groups. They were given KBrO3 orally in their drinking water at doses of 500, 250, 125, 60, 30, 15, and 0 ppm for 104 weeks, at the end of which time all the surviving animals were autopsied and then examined histopathologically. Shortening of the survival times and marked inhibition of body weight increase were observed in a group given 500 ppm KBrO3. The combined incidences of renal adenocarcinomas and adenomas were significantly increased in rats treated with KBrO3 at doses of 500, 250, and 125 ppm in a dose-related manner. The dose-response curve showed a sigmoid appearance. The value for the virtually safe dose (VSD), calculated by the probit model, was 0.950 ppm KBrO3 at a risk level of 10(-6). However, significant increases in the occurrence of dysplastic foci of the kidney were found in groups at doses higher than 30 ppm KBrO3. The VSD value for the dysplastic foci estimated by the gamma-multi-hit model was 0.148 X 10(-3) ppm KBrO3 at a risk level of 10(-6). In a group tested with 500 ppm KBrO3, the combined incidences for follicular adenocarcinomas and adenomas of the thyroid and for mesotheliomas of the peritoneum were shown to be significantly increased.

Adenocarcinoma↗