Excitonic effects in the optical spectrum of GaAs.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
S Adachi
Publications and source records attributed to S Adachi.
Cytotoxic antibody against trophoblast and lymphocytes present in pregnancy with intrauterine fetal growth retardation and its relation to anti-phospholipid antibody.
To elucidate immunological mechanisms involved in the genesis of intra-uterine fetal growth retardation (IUGR), an in vitro cytotoxicity assay against normal trophoblast and lymphocytes was performed. The data demonstrated the existence of cytotoxic antibody directed against trophoblast exclusively in the IgG fraction of the sera of 9 out of 15 mothers with IUGR, but in none of the sera from normal pregnant women. This antibody showed differential reactivity patterns that may be indicative women. This antibody showed differential reactivity patterns that may be trophoblast in common. Out of 9 IUGR mothers with this cytotoxic antibody, in 6 cases (66.7%) chronic villitis was evident upon microscopic examination of the placenta, the frequency being significantly higher than that in IUGR mothers without cytotoxicity or in control mothers (P less than 0.02). It is suggested that in situ inflammatory change triggered by this antibody might lead to IUGR through chronic villitis. This antibody showed cross-reactivity with anti-negatively charged phospholipid antibody, as confirmed by an absorption experiment, indicating that the trophoblast antigenic stimuli in pregnancy can induce the production of various autoantibodies including anti-phospholipid antibodies. These results are of interest in relation to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
Adult↗
Scanning electron microscopic and texture studies on characteristic consistency of Nordic ropy sour milk.
The characteristic consistency of Nordic ropy sour milk was studied. Skim milk, reconstituted from non-fat dry milk, was fermented at 20 degrees C for 24 h by addition of 5% (v/v) inoculum of slime-producing (ropy) strain of Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris SBT 0495, isolated from Finnish ropy sour milk 'viili' starter culture, and its non-ropy variant SBT 1275. Measurements of texture showed that milk gel prepared by the ropy strain exhibited remarkably increased adhesiveness as compared to that by the non-ropy variant. Milk gel prepared by the ropy strain also exhibited decreased syneresis (wheying-off) as compared to that by the non-ropy variant. Scanning electron micrographs of milk gel prepared by the ropy strain showed that slime was in the form of a network attaching the bacterial cells to the protein matrix. A thick network of slime attached the casein micelle clusters to each other to make casein conglomerates, which is likely to result in the characteristic consistency of 'viili'.
Animals↗
Immunofluorescence microscopic studies on distribution of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens and Lactobacillus kefir in kefir grains.
Immunofluorescence staining was applied to observe distribution of two Lactobacillus species in kefir grains with cauliflower floret forms. Kefiran-producing, encapsulated Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens was located all over the grain and increased toward the center, while Lactobacillus kefir populated only a small region at the surface layers.
Animals↗
Distribution of microorganisms with particular reference to encapsulated bacteria in kefir grains.
Propagable and non-propagable kefir grains in a form resembling cauliflower florets were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. In propagable grains short and long rod-shaped bacteria and yeasts formed separate colonies on the outside surface and inside. Internally, filaments which derived from capsules around the cells extended radially from a population of long rod-shaped bacteria. In non-propagable grains long rod-shaped bacteria with filamentous appendages were not observed, but only short rod-shaped bacteria and yeasts. Indian ink preparations showed presence of encapsulated bacteria in propagable grains and absence of these in non-propagable ones. The above results suggest that encapsulated bacteria are responsible for propagation of kefir grains.
Animals↗
Electrophysiological and pharmacological properties of single spinal neurons isolated from adult bullfrogs.
1. We developed an isolated spinal cell preparation from adult bullfrogs. 2. The average resting membrane potential was -60 mV, and an action potential was activated by positive current injection. 3. The cells retained their tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ channels and at least two kinetically different types of K+ channel. 4. Under K(+)-free conditions, responses to GABA were blocked by bicuculline while responses to glycine, taurine or beta-alanine were blocked by strychnine. 5. The potency of excitatory amino acids decreased in the order: kainic acid greater than glutamate greater than NMDA. 6. These studies demonstrated that the isolated cells are applicable for electrophysiological and pharmacological investigations.
Amino Acids↗
Sequential malignant transformation of cardiac myxoma.
We describe a case of cardiac myxoma in a 44-year-old Japanese man, who died after developing metastases in the skin, brain and muscle. A satellite tumor which was attached to the wall of the abdominal aorta induced marked hypertension due to obstruction of the renal arteries. Although the primary heart tumor had typical histological features of benign cardiac myxoma, the recurrent heart tumor, which was partly resected three months before the patient's death, showed apparently malignant characteristics resembling malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). Since the histological features of the initial and recurrent tumors were different, the grade of malignancy was investigated using the cellularity of the tumor as an arbitrary criterion. A gradual but significant increase in the cellularity was observed over the course of five years. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells in the muscle metastasis contained vimentin and factor VIII-related antigen, and multinucleated giant cells in the recurrent heart tumor contained desmin, which is rarely detectable in MFH. Therefore, we considered that the present case represented malignant transformation of benign cardiac myxoma.
Adult↗
[Studies of polymicrobial infection on pneumonia by transtracheal aspiration in the elderly].
We studied the polymicrobial infection by transtracheal aspiration (TTA) on pneumonia in the elderly. Incidence of mixed isolation of organisms from TTA was 35% or 39 out of 111 episodes. The principal organisms in polymicrobial infection detected from TTA were S. aureus (N.23), P. aeruginosa (N. 15), K. pneumoniae (N. 12) and S. pneumoniae (N. 11). The principal combination of mixed infection were S. aureus + P. aeruginosa (N.7), S. aureus + K. pneumoniae (N.5), S. aureus + S. marcescens (N.5), S. aureus + S. pneumoniae (N.5), S. aureus + Anaerobes (N.4) and K. pneumoniae + P. aeruginosa (N.4). Hospital acquired pneumonia was of a higher rate of mixed infection than the nursing home acquired pneumonia. In the mixed infection on pneumonia in the elderly, normal upper airway flora was highly detected with pathogens from transtracheal aspirates. From these results, we realize that aspiration and superinfection were important factors in mixed infection in the elderly.
Aged↗
[Clinical studies on hospital acquired pneumonia in the elderly].
We compared hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) with nursing home acquired pneumonia in the elderly. There were no differences in the underlying diseases, clinical signs and symptoms between HAP and nursing home acquired pneumonia, but activities of daily living were poor in HAP than nursing home acquired pneumonia. By the bacterial studies from Transtracheal aspiration (TTA), S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and anaerobes were more isolated in HAP. On the other hand, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were isolated more in the nursing home acquired pneumonia. In the laboratory data, no difference was detected in inflammatory reaction between both groups, but in immunological data, especially complement C3 and tuberculin skin test were markedly reduced in HAP. The prognosis were significantly poor in HAP because the fatal rate was higher in HAP than nursing home acquired pneumonia. With regard to HAP in the elderly, severe underlying disease, poor whole body state, aspiration, bacterial resistance to drugs, superinfection and polymicrobial infection were the factors predisposing difficulty in treatment of pneumonia in the elderly. From the above results, prevention is the most necessary in HAP.
Aged↗
A case of nonseminomatous testicular tumor with liver metastases, treated by intrahepatic arterial cisplatinum-diaminedichloride infusion.
We report a case of nonseminomatous testicular tumor with lymph node involvement and multiple lung and liver metastases. The patient was considered to have a poor prognosis. He received systemic chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery. Postoperatively a residual metastatic tumor in the liver was treated by intrahepatic arterial cisplatinum-diaminedichloride infusion. Follow-up observation has revealed no evidence of recurrence for 30 months since the last treatment.
Adult↗
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia with sick sinus syndrome and atrioventricular conduction disturbance.
Although arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is believed to involve primarily the right ventricle, left ventricular abnormalities have also been described. We report a case of ARVD with abnormalities of the sinus node, right atrium and atrioventricular node. The biopsies taken from the right atrium and the right ventricle showed replacement of myocardium by fibrous tissue. The pathologic changes of this disease process may extend into the atrium and atrioventricular node.
Atrioventricular Node↗
[Prevalence of malocclusions and demand for orthodontic treatment among students at a women's high school].
Prevalences of malocclusions were investigated in a sample of 3,520 girls recorded between 1984 and 1986 at a private high school. Also, proportions of students who had received and were under treatment were surveyed for 3,501 students in 1989. In addition, ratios of a number of those who were judged to reveal maxillary protrusion with respect to that of the whole sample examined were evaluated as a function of overjet. The results of the surveys are as follows. SURVEY I) A total prevalence of malocclusion was 57.9% in the Grade 7 (G7) and 56.4% in the Grade 10 (G10). Among malocclusions surveyed, maxillary protrusion was found in 8.1% of the G7 and in 7.8% of the G10. Deep overbite was determined in 7.9% of the G7 and in 7.6% of the G10, mandibular protrusion was found in 2.4% of the G7 and in 2.7% of the G10. Edge-to-edge incisor relationships were determined in 6.4% of the G7 and in 7.6% of the G10. Anterior open bite was found in 2.4% of the G7 and in 2.9% of the G10. Crowding was found in 37.3% of the G7 and in 33.9% of the G10. SURVEY II) Prevalence of students who had orthodontic treatment at the time of survey, was 6.4% in the G7, 7.0% in the G8, 6.0% in the G9, 6.0% in the G10, 5.4% in the G11, and 3.6% in the G12. Those who had had orthodontic treatment revealed proportions of 8.1% in the G7, 8.0% in the G8, 7.7% in the G9, 11.3% in the G10, 12.2% in the G11, and 13.7% in the G12 students. SURVEY III) A proportion of 73.5% of those who had overjets more than 6 mm were judged to have maxillary protrusion.
Adolescent↗
[Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with a mandibular repositioning appliance].
A patient with obstructive sleep apnea has been treated by means of a mandibular repositioning appliance made of silicone rubber. The patient is a male and 54 years old with a slim body and complained a excessive daytime sleepiness and unsatisfied sleep. A lateral head plate revealed retruded mandible and narrow A-P diameter in the lower part of oropharynx. Moderate frequency of apnea was found in the initial all-night polysomnographic recording. The mandible has been brought forward by 5 mm and downward by 11 mm, which enlarges the diameter of oropharynx anterio-posteriorly by 2-3 mm. Since the appliance has been inserted during bed-time, the daytime sleepiness and unsatisfied sleep has been eliminated. The second polysomnographic recording revealed significant increment of deep NREM sleep and REM sleep and decrement of arousal during sleep after insertion of the appliance. It is indicated, therefore, that the application of the mandibular repositioning appliance is one of the effective methods for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
Humans↗
[Combination chemotherapy including cisplatinum, vindesine and mitomycin C for non-small cell lung cancer].
Thirty-five patients with non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma: 15, squamous cell: 15, large cell: 5, Stage I: 3, II: 1, IIIA: 8, IIIB: 5, IV: 18) were treated with combination chemotherapy, CDDP 80 mg/m2 day 1, VDS 3 mg/m2 days 1 & 8, and MMC 8 mg/m2 day 1. This regimen was repeated two times at intervals of four weeks. Sixteen partial responses were observed (response rate of 45.7%), and the median duration of survival for responders was 12.6 +/- 7.5 months and for nonresponders 10.1 +/- 4.8 months. Statistically there was no difference between them, but a survival from the onset of therapy of responders was significantly better (p less than 0.05) than that of non-responders. Toxicity was tolerable with myelosuppression, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Adult↗
[A report of successful treatment of mediastinitis and graft infection after ascending and aortic arch reconstruction].
A 43 years old male patient had composite graft replacement of ascending aorta and aortic arch with total reconstruction for his aortic valve regurgitation and ascending and aortic arch aneurysm. He developed high fever leucocytosis and in the early postoperative period and was diagnosed as aorta mediastinitis by proving bacterial culture positive in blood as well as in the drainage fluid. Re-exploration of mediastinal cavity was carried out and the necrotic tissues were removed as much as possible. The mediastinal cavity, especially around the graft was also thoroughly irrigated and washed with Iodine (Isozin) solution. Following this, mediastinal cavity was packed with non-diluted solution of Iodine sponge. Thereafter mediastinum was left open by applying sprint and patient was brought back to ICU. He was kept controlled ventilation and deep sedation. Mediastinal cavity was irrigated and re-packed with same solution every 8 hours for the following 48 hours so as to expect complete disinfection of the mediastinal cavity. He was brought back to the operation room again and midsternal incision was extended to the abdomen. Half portion of the major omentum was isolated from the stomach and transplanted into the mediastinal cavity with its vascular supply. Special care was taken to wrap around the graft with omentum. The sternum and skin were closed without any drainage tube. As postoperative complications most probably related to the application of high concentration of Iodine solution, he developed severe hepatic failure for which he was treated with hemofiltration. This was gradually improved and the infection was well controlled. He was discharged from the hospital on the 77th postoperative day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
[Embolization of multiple pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in a case of Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome with brain abscess].
A forty-year-old woman who developed brain abscess was found to Rendu-Osler-weber syndrome with multiple arteriovenous fistulas of the left lung. Therapeutic embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas was performed for the prevention against brain abscess and improvement of hypoxia.
Adult↗
[Analysis of GM2 and anti-GM2 antibody in normal pregnancy].
Oncofetal antigen immunogenic (OFA-I), an antigen common to the fetal brain and some malignant tumors (derived from ectoderm), is immunogenic in man, and anti-OFA-I antibody appears in the sera of not only malignant patients but also pregnant women. Biochemical analysis revealed that OFA-I is ganglioside GM2 and GD2. In the present study, GM2 and anti-GM2 antibody were investigated as to the kinetics in pregnant sera and the tissue localization in placenta and decidua. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The concentration of GM2 was 76.7 pmol/ml (mean) in pregnant sera and 10.8 pmol/ml (mean) in cord sera. GM2 was not measurable in the sera of non-pregnant women. 2. GM2 was detected by thin layer chromatogram-immunostaining methods in the gangliosides extracted from decidua and term placenta. GM2 was, however, undetected from villi at an early stage. 3. In immunohistological analysis for GM2, positive findings were observed in decidua and in villous stroma of term placenta. In contrast, no distinct positive findings were observed in trophoblast at any stage. 4. Anti-GM2 antibody appeared in pregnant sera at an early stage and was detectable up to the 5th day postpartum.
Adult↗
[Intraperitoneal (i.p.) chemotherapy in the management of ovarian cancer--pharmacokinetics and methods of sequential i.p. chemotherapy].
We studied the systemic efficacy of intraperitoneal (i.p.) chemotherapy which has been used as a locoregional chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. The following results were obtained. 1) The CDDP-based i.v. and i.p. regimen obtained a 90% response rate for ascites and a 35% response rate for measurable lesions. 2) According to the pharmacokinetic analysis of i.p.-chemotherapy, BH-AC showed a regional advantage because of a high AUC-ratio. Meanwhile CDDP and etoposide demonstrated a low AUC-ratio, that has direct effects in the abdominal cavity and anti-tumor effects from the vascular side of the tumor. 3) We performed sequential i.p.-chemotherapy using three types of drainage tubes according to the stage and the size of the residual tumor at operation. The abdomino-centesis using a peel-away introducer for the poor risk patients was very easy and this method could carry out sequential CDDP-i.p.. No patients had signs or symptoms of chemical peritonitis. 4) On the base of these date, we have designed a protocol of i.p. chemotherapy for patients with ovarian cancer.
Adult↗