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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

1,307 records · Page 73Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemosensitivity test is useful in evaluating the appropriate adjuvant cancer chemotherapy for stage III non-scirrhous and scirrhous gastric cancers.

A total of 183 cases with gastric cancer was retrospectively analyzed in terms of their chemosensitivity as determined by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and their survival rates after surgery. After the patients were stratified into scirrhous or non-scirrhous carcinoma groups, they were tested for stage III or IV gastric cancer. In these four cohorts, the patients were categorized into sensitive and insensitive groups determined by the MTT assay. The sensitive group was treated with at least one drug that had been shown to be effective in the MTT assay, and the insensitive group was given a drug that had been shown to be ineffective in the MTT assay. In stage III gastric cancer, the sensitive group showed a favorable survival compared to the insensitive group in scirrhous and non-scirrhous carcinoma, while this difference was diminished in stage IV gastric cancer. There were no survival benefits in the sensitive group in stage III gastric cancer, when they were not treated with adjuvant cancer chemotherapy. These results suggested that MTT assay would be useful in evaluating the appropriate adjuvant cancer chemotherapy for stage III scirrhous and non-scirrhous gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of risk and benefit of oral immunomodulation using heat-killed enterococcus faecalis FK-23 preparation in healthy dogs.

The risk and benefit of oral immunomodulation using heat-killed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 preparation (FK-23) were evaluated in healthy dogs. Dogs were administered perorally 100 mg/kg of FK23 daily for 3 months. FK-23 did not affect the findings of complete blood count, leukocyte differential count, blood chemistry, serum electrolyte, radiography, or physical conditions of the dogs tested. Increase in myeloid/erythroid ratio and granulocytic lineage was found in bone marrow of the FK-23 treated dogs. Neutrophil function assessed by zymosan-dependent chemiluminescence was activated by treatment of the drug. FK-23 also stimulated in vitro lymphocyte blast transformation of PHA, Con A, and LPS. FK-23 thus appears to be a useful immunomodulating drug to stimulate non-specific host immune responses without adverse side effects.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distribution of orosomucoid (ORM1) phenotypes in Cook Islanders: analysis by six-band patterns.

The polymorphism of the orosomucoid (ORM) system was analysed in 318 Cook Islanders. Modified isoelectric focusing revealed six-band patterns in thin-layer polyacrylamide gel followed by immunofixation. The first ORM locus showed four-band patterns with variations, while the second locus revealed two-band patterns without variation. ORM1*1 and ORM1*2 gene frequencies were 0.7893 and 0.2107 respectively. ORM1*3 allele was not detected.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between cytomorphologic features and prognosis in small-cell carcinoma of the lung.

Small-cell bronchial carcinoma cells obtained from 18 patients by fiberbronchoscopic brushing were examined to determine whether the cytomorphologic features could be related to the prognosis. Nuclear features such as small (less than 10 micrometer) or large (greater than 11 micrometer) size, round or aberrant shape and dark or light staining, were evaluated. In small-cell carcinoma cases with a very poor prognosis (death within four months), the incidence of small, round, darkly stained nuclei was much greater and a coarse or pyknotic chromatin pattern was more frequent in comparison with small-cell carcinoma cases with a better prognosis (survival greater than two years). In cases with a good prognosis, the incidence of large, lightly stained nuclei with aberrant shapes was much greater and a fine chromatin pattern was more frequent in comparison with cases with a very poor prognosis. Pertinent cytomorphologic features thus seem to be related to the prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the brainstem with high-resolution CT in cerebellar atrophic processes.

The authors studied the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of the brainstem in cerebellar atrophic processes. Twenty adult subjects without posterior fossa lesion were used for normal CT measurements of the brainstem. The measured values with CT corresponded to those with pneumotomography. Also reviewed were 49 patients with cerebellar atrophy which included spinocerebellar degeneration (25 patients), Shy-Drager syndrome (five), progressive supranuclear palsy (three), chronic phenytoin usage (10), and chronic alcoholism (six). All but the chronic alcoholism group showed atrophy of the brainstem at all locations of measurement when compared with normal controls (p less than 0.05). In addition, the patients with progressive supranuclear palsy had significantly more pronounced midbrain atrophy. In the chronic alcoholism group the measurements of the brachium pontis, the medulla, and the fourth ventricle differed significantly from those of normal controls (p less than 0.05).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myelopathy due to ossification or calcification of the ligamentum flavum: radiologic and histologic evaluations.

The clinical, radiologic, and histologic features of ossification and calcification of the ligamentum flavum were studied in 18 patients. Ossification (15 patients) usually occurred in the lower thoracic spine in men of various ages, while calcification (three patients) was found exclusively in the cervical region of older women. Histologic examinations of ossification showed mature lamellar bone associated with proliferated cartilage replacing the ligamentum flavum (endochondral ossification). This corresponded well with radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) appearances. In the cases with calcification of the ligamentum flavum, calcification within the degenerated ligamentous fibers was observed on histologic examination, and correlated well with an oval nodular density on radiographs and CT. The two conditions differ in clinical, radiologic, and histologic considerations. Pathomechanisms in the development of these lesions and clinical significance are also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adenosine-echocardiography for the detection of coronary artery disease.

The use of adenosine-echocardiography to detect coronary artery disease was evaluated in 39 patients. Adenosine was infused intravenously at 0.14 mg/kg/min for 6 minutes with continuous recordings of two-dimensional echocardiography. Three minutes after the start of adenosine infusion, thallium (201Tl) was administered into a separate vein. Myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images were obtained 10 minutes and 3 hours after the 201Tl injection. Transient reduction of systolic wall motion after adenosine infusion was considered an abnormal ischemic response. Echocardiography detected a wall motion abnormality after adenosine infusion in 17 of 39 patients. 201Tl redistribution was observed in 28 patients. Agreements for the presence of myocardial ischemia or infarction between 201Tl SPECT and echocardiography were 62% (24/39). The sensitivity of echocardiography in patients with single-vessel disease was 21%, but 76% with multi-vessel disease (p < 0.01 vs single-vessel disease). All side effects were tolerated well and disappeared within 1 or 2 minutes after stopping adenosine infusion. Adenosine-echocardiography was particularly useful for the detection of multiple-vessel coronary disease. Simultaneous evaluation of wall motion and myocardial perfusion during adenosine-induced maximal coronary vasodilation may improve the functional description of diseased myocardial segments.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intensive preoperative chemotherapy for osteosarcoma in the lower extremity.

BACKGROUND: The aims of this study were to investigate the effect, if any, of preoperative chemotherapy and to investigate the adaptation and the limits for achieving a more functional limb in our limb-salvaging procedure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Since 1983 to 1997 we have treated 53 cases of osteosarcoma in an upper or lower limb at our Institute. According to surgical staging by Enneking, there were 37 cases at stage II B, and 16 cases at stage III. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was performed according to one or other of our four protocols. RESULTS: The 5-year-survival rate was 68% for those cases at stage II B, and was 13% for those at stage III. In particular, we adopted the protocol involving hyperthermic isolated regional perfusion (HIRP) for those cases in which the lesion affected the knee joint. CONCLUSION: The various protocols of chemotherapy including HIRP were effective to permit reduction in the surgical margin and were also effective to achieve an increase in the limb-salvaging rate and especially effective for increasing the salvaged limb-functionality.

Adolescent↗