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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 1,171 records · Page 65Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Two new glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants associated with congenital nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia found in Japan: GD(-) Tokushima and GD(-) Tokyo.

Two new variants of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency associated with chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia were discovered in Japan. Gd(-) Tokushima was found in a 17-years-old male whose erythrocytes contained 4.4% of normal enzyme activity. Partially purified enzyme revealed a main band of normal electrophoretic mobility with additional two minor bands of different mobility; normal Km G6P, and Km NADP five-to sixfold higher than normal; normal utilization of 2-deoxy-G6P, galactose-6P, and deamino-NADP; marked thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. The hemolytic anemia was moderate to severe. Gd(-) Tokyo was characterized from a 15-year-old male who had chronic nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia of mild degree. The erythrocytes contained 3% of normal enzyme activity, and partially purified enzyme revealed slow electrophoretic mobility (90% of normal for both a tris-hydrochloride buffer system and a tris-EDTA-borate buffer system, and 70% of normal for a phosphate buffer system); normal Km G6P and Km NADP; normal utilization of 2-deoxy-G6P, galactose-6P, and deamino-NADP; greatly increased thermal instability; a normal pH curve; and normal Ki NADPH. These two variants are clearly different from hitherto described G6PD variants, including the Japanese variants Gd(-) Heian and Gd(-) Kyoto. The mothers of both Gd(-) Tokushima and Gd(-) Tokoyo were found to be heterozygote by an ascorbate-cyanide test.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Sinus slowing produced by intracoronary arterial injections of hyperosmotic solutions in man.

The effect of intracoronary arterial injections of normal saline, contrast agent, hyperosmotic glucose, and mannitol solutions on the sinus rate was studied in 18 patients. Sinus slowing was not produced by isosmotic saline (0.3 Osm. per kilogram of water) when injected into either coronary artery, whereas 76% Urografin (1.9 Osm. per kilogram of water), 20% glucose (1.3 Osm. per kilogram of water), and mannitol (1.2 Osm. per kilogram of water) decreased the sinus rate significantly (P less than 0.001). Among these solutions, Urografin with the highest osmolality produced the most marked sinus slowing, whereas no significant difference was detected between change in the sinus rate with hyperosmotic glucose and mannitol solutions (P greater than 0.5). Moreover, there was no significant difference between the degree of sinus slowing produced by intracoronary injections into the coronary artery of the side which the sinus node artery originated from and the slowing produced by contralateral injections with hyperosmotic solutions (P greater than 0.2). Therefore, it seems unlikely that this sinus slowing would be a result of a direct action on the sinus node including hypoxia and elevated perfusion pressure. Reflex-mediated parasympathetic stimulation may be operative.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of coronary arteriography on atrioventricular conduction. Studies with His bundle electrography.

The effect of coronary arteriography on atrioventricular (A-V) conduction was studied in 26 patients with the use of His bundle electrography. Slowing of atrioventricular conduction (prolonged A-H interval) was observed in all 26 pateints following either left or right coronary arteriography without a detectable change in the H-V interval. In four patients with left coronary preponderance in arterial distribution pattern, prolonged A-H inverval was produced only by injecting the contrast material into the left coronary artery. Conversely, in the remaining 22 patiens either with right preponderance or balanced distribution, prolongation of the A-H time was a result of opacification of the right coronary artery. The A-H interval at peak prolongation (133.9 +/- 18.7 [S.D.] msec.) was significantly higher than the control measurement (98.3 +/- 15.7 msec.) (P less than 0.0001). Prolongation of the A-H interval started around 4 seconds after the initiation of injection, reached its peak at an average of 7.7 seconds, and subsided within 20 seconds. When intracoronary injection of 6 ml. of normal saline was made in these 26 patients, no change was observed in the His bundle electrograms. On the other hand, hypertonic (20 per cent) glucose solution, when injected into coronary arteries, had an effect remearably similar to that of contrast material on A-V conduction. These findings suggest that prolonged A-H interval observed during coronary arteriography may be a result of osmotic effect of the contrast material, rather than hypoxia resulting from dilution of coronary blood flow.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase by a thermophilic Bacillus species.

Production of extracellular alpha-glucosidase was studied with strain KP 1006 of a new species of thermophilic Bacillus, which was isolated from soil samples by enrichment at 65 C. alpha-Glucosidase production was maximum at 60 C and at an initial pH of 6.5. The final enzyme yield was increased by starch, maltose, glycerol, peptone, and yeast extract but reduced by acetate and gluconate, alpha-Glucosidase was formed in the cytoplasm and accumulated as a large pool during the logarithmic growth phase. At a midpoint of this period, the enzyme appeared in the culture broth, and its level increased until the end of the stationary phase.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1976

Production of an extracellular maltase by thermophilic Bacillus sp. KP 1035.

Production of extracellular maltase was studied with thermophilic Bacillus sp. KP 1035, which was selected as the organism producing the highest levels of maltase. The final enzyme yield was increased by maltose, peptone, and yeast extract but reduced by succinate and fumarate. Maximum enzyme production was achieved at 55 degrees C and at an initial pH of 6.2 to 7.0 on a medium containing 0.3% maltose, 1% peptone, 0.1% meat extract, 0.3% yeast extract, 0.3% KH2PO4, and 0.1% KH2PO4. Maltase was synthesized in cytoplasm and accumulated as a large pool during the logarithmic growth phase, which preceded sporulation. At the end of this phase, the enzyme appeared in the culture broth, and its accumulation increased in parallel with a rise in the extracellular protein level. Maltase was stable for 24 h at 60 degrees C over a pH range of 5.6 to 9.0 and retained 95% of the original activity after treatment for 20 min at 70 degrees C at pH 6.8.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1976

Differentiation of host-mediated antitumor agents from mitotic posons by the antitumor foot-pad reaction in Ehrlich carcinoma-ddY mouse system.

The effect of antitumor agents (lentinan, PS-K, Mitomycin-C, 6-mercaptopurine, etc.) on the antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) measured by the foot-pad test was compared with their effect on tumor growth in ddY mice with Ehrlich tumor. These agents all inhibited growth of Ehrlich carcinoma. Lentianan and PS-K enhanced the antitumor DHR, but Mitomycin-C and 6-mercaptopurine did not. By plotting the effect of agents on the anti-tumor DHR against these effects on tumor weight, host-mediated antitumor agents could be differentiated from mitotic poisons. Attempts to distinguish these two types of agents by the same method using a syngeneic tumor system were unsuccessful.

Animals↗