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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Sister-chromatid exchange induction by indirect mutagens/carcinogens, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and benzo[alpha]pyrene metabolism in cultured human hepatoma cells.

2 human hepatoma cell lines (C-HC-4 and C-HC-20), in which aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was induced with benz[alpha]anthracene in vitro to about 140- and 64-fold of the respective basal levels, yielded an increased frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) when exposed to benzo[alpha]pyrene (BP), 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene and 3-methylcholanthrene in vitro. Analysis of the metabolism of BP by these cells by high-pressure liquid chromatography revealed that both cell lines produced various BP metabolites including the proximate form BP-7,8-dihydrodiol which has been reported to be the most potent inducer of SCEs among the metabolites of BP. In addition, aflatoxin B1 and cyclophosphamide also induced SCEs in these cell lines. The above findings suggest that these cells may be capable of metabolizing a range of indirect mutagens/carcinogens into DNA-active forms. These cells may therefore serve as a useful test system in vitro for the detection of genotoxic agents, without the use of an exogenous activating system.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomographic findings of vacuum phenomenon in cervical intervertebral disks.

A gaseous collection in the intervertebral space, or the vacuum phenomenon, was observed on computed tomograms in as many as 30% of the patients with cervical disk disease. The condition most frequently occurred at the level of C5-6. The gas tended to accumulate more often at the marginal region of the intervertebral disks, the level at which marked degeneration was seen; thus, it may be related to cracks within not only the nucleus pulposus, but also in the annulus fibrosus.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Effect of synthetic acyclic polyisoprenoids on the cold-restraint stress induced gastric ulcer in rats.

The antiulcer effect of a series of synthetic acyclic polyisoprenoids on cold-restraint stress induced ulcer in female rats was determined, and the relationship between their antiulcer effect and chemical structure was also investigated. As a result, the following findings were obtained: The antiulcer effect of acyclic polyisoprenoids closely correlated with the number of intramolecular isoprene units, and geranylgeranyl derivatives showed a particularly marked antiulcer effect. The terminal polar groups such as 2-oxopropyl and 2-hydroxypropyl groups in geranylgeranylacetone seemed to play an important role in the antiulcer activity of acyclic polyisoprenoids. Terminal bulky groups decreased their antiulcer activity, however. The antiulcer activity of geranylgeranylacetone correlated with the number of intramolecular double bonds. There was no significant difference in antiulcer activity between all-trans-geranylgeranylacetone, 5-cis-geranylgeranylacetone and the mixture of these isomers (1:1 and 3:2). The results of this experiment suggested that the antiulcer activity of acyclic polyisoprenoids might be governed by such factors as the number of isoprene units, terminal polar groups, and number of intramolecular double bonds.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In vivo antitumor activity of neocarzinostatin (NCS)-tumor antibody conjugate against a transplantable human leukemia cell line (BALL-1).

The in vivo antitumor activity of NCS-immune immunoglobulin G (IgG) [Neocarzinostatin (NCS) conjugated with rabbit IgG antibody against a human leukemia cell line (NALL-1)] was evaluated in immunosuppressed newborn Syrian hamsters into which a transplantable human leukemia cell line, BALL-1 was implanted. After intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of the conjugate, hamsters preinoculated i.p. with BALL-1 cells survived longer than hamsters treated with control solutions (p less than 0.01). The control solutions were NCS, immune IgG, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG, NCS-normal IgG conjugate and physiological saline. There was no change in body weight in the NCS-immune IgG-treated hamsters. The growth of subcutaneously (s.c.) implanted BALL-1 tumors was also inhibited by i.p. administration of NCS-immune IgG; however, the degree of inhibition was not significantly different from that obtained by administration of NCS alone, a mixture of NCS and immune IgG or NCS-normal IgG conjugate. These results indicate that NCS-immune IgG was effective against i.p. BALL-1 tumors, but was less effective against s.c. implanted tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Combination therapy of murine tumors with a degraded D-manno-D-glucan (DMG) from Microellobosporia grisea, and cyclophosphamide.

DMG, a degraded D-manno-D-glucan with a host-mediated antitumor activity did not significantly enhance nor inhibit the development of suppressor cells for either the antibody-forming response or the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to sheep red blood cells. Cyclophosphamide (CY), which inhibited the generation of suppressor cells, was combined with DMG in treatment of murine syngeneic tumors to obtain a higher antitumor activity. The antitumor activity of the combination against MH134 hepatoma was synergistically higher than that of either component alone. A marked antitumor effect of the combination treatment against MM46 mammary carcinoma was also shown. High levels of antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reactions were observed with this combination therapy. The possible roles of DMG and CY in this combination therapy are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical and experimental studies on the role of Ca++ in etiology of cerebral vasospasm].

Total Ca and Ca++ in cerebrospinal fluid were measured from the patient with subarachnoidal hemorrhage due to ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Relationship was studied between the values of total Ca and Ca++ and grades of cerebral vasospasm on cerebral angiograms. Additionally, experimental studies were performed on helical strip of dogs' basilar arteries with constrictable substances such as serotonin (5-HT), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), KC1 and oxy-hemoglobin (Oxy-Hb). Findings were as follows: There was a gradual increasing of vasospasm in the patients whose cerebrospinal fluid contained high values of total Ca at one or two days after rupture of aneurysm. In all samples of bloody cerebrospinal fluid, values of Ca++ were almost the same or lower than that of control group. The time course of Ca++ concentrations was remarkably decreased in the groups with increased vasospasm. In the experimental study, continuous constriction of helical strips were induced with high concentration of KC1 and physiological values of Oxy-Hb, but 5-HT and PGF2 alpha constricted only in a short time. The effects of KC1 and Oxy-Hb were remarkably inhibited when Ca++-antagonist was added to the artificial cerebrospinal fluid or Ca++ was freed from the fluid. With these results, it was thought that Oxy-Hb might be the most important substance for cerebral vasospasm and it may affect cerebral vessels with Ca++ in cerebrospinal fluid. It was, however, an unreasonable result that time course of Ca++ decreased on the patients with severe vasospasm when vasospasm increased. Then, high concentration of total Ca at acute stage after subarachnoidal hemorrhage was considered as it may trigger the incidence of cerebral vasospasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical evaluation of diagnostic methods of nodular goiter].

In 47 patients who had undergone roentgenography, ultrasonography, 201 Tl-scintigraphy, and aspiration cytology and on whom a pathological diagnosis had been made, the diagnostic value of the above-mentioned 4 examinations was evaluated. The correct diagnosis rate for aspiration cytology and 201 Tl-scintigraphy was 76.6%; for ultrasonography and roentgenography it was 70.2%. The false-negative rate of cancer for aspiration cytology was 14.9%; for the other examinations it was 10.6%. The false-negative rate upon combining 3 examinations, except roentgenography (soft tissue technique), proved to be 0% and 24 patients with thyroid cancer were preoperatively correctly diagnosed as "malignant" by means of the combination method.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Potentiation of antitumor immunity in tumor-bearing mice by a degraded D-manno-D-glucan (DMG), a new antitumor polysaccharide.

DMG, a degraded D-manno-D-glucan from the culture fluid of Microellobosporia grisea, inhibited the growth of murine syngeneic MM46 mammary carcinoma. Mice in which the tumor had completely regressed by DMG treatment showed tumor-specific antitumor resistance. The antitumor action of DMG was studied by examining the influences of DMG on tumor-specific and non-specific immune responses in tumor-bearing hosts. The tumor-specific delayed hypersensitivity reaction appeared transiently on day 7 after tumor inoculation but had decreased by day 15 in untreated tumor-bearing mice. In contrast, the reaction was retained and augmented in DMG-treated tumor-bearing mice. The tumor-neutralizing activity of spleen cells from DMG-treated tumor-bearing mice, tested by a Winn assay, was tumor-specific and significantly higher than that of untreated tumor-bearing mice. The tumor-neutralizing activity of peritoneal cells and the in vitro cytostatic activity of peritoneal macrophages in response to lymphokine supernatants containing macrophage activation factor were also augmented by DMG treatment. In contrast, the level of antitumor antibody in the serum increased with time, irrespective of DMG administration. Thus, DMG potentiated cellular antitumor effector mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Presence in mouse bone marrow of mediator-dependent cytotoxic effector cells against tumors.

The role of bone marrow cells as cytotoxic effector cells against tumor cells was examined in vitro. Bone marrow cells from normal C3H/He mice could lyse murine MM46 tumor cells in the presence of wheat germ agglutinin or syngeneic antitumor antibody. Bone marrow cells alone did not cause lysis. Eleven other lectins (concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin, pokeweek mitogen, Lens culinaris hemagglutinin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin, peanut agglutinin, Bandeiraea simplicifolia agglutinin, Bauhinia purpurea agglutinin, soybean agglutinin, Limulus polyphemus agglutinin and Helix aspersa agglutinin) did not induce cytolysis. Enrichment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) by the method of free flow electrophoresis enhanced the activity of WGA-dependent cytolysis. These results suggest that PMNs series in the bone marrow of normal mice can lyse tumor cells with appropriate mediators.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula using a detachable balloon catheter--a case report and review].

A case of post-traumatic carotid cavernous fistula, successfully treated by a detachable balloon catheter, is reported. A 55-year-old housewife was admitted to the author's department on 25th August, 1980. Three months prior to admission, she complained of right tinnitus following a traffic accident and then developed right chemosis and exophthalmus. A selective right internal carotid angiography revealed rapid filling of the carotid cavernous fistula. Under general anesthesia, the patient was treated by the maneuver after Debrun. Since it appeared necessary to employ the second balloon, the first one was released gently being inflated only with the contrast medium. During the procedure, the neck of the balloon was incidentally snapped upward and, then, the fistula was eventually occluded preserving the carotid flow as was verified by a control angiography. The bruit was abolished immediately after the procedure and all ocular symptoms disappeared during the following a few weeks. A skull film showed a deflation of the balloon at 4 weeks postoperatively, but clinical and angiographic follow-up examinations at 9 months thereafter revealed no signs or symptoms of recurrence. This Debrun's procedure is being widely accepted for a carotid cavernous fistula as a relatively simpler, safer, and more effective one comparing with the conventional methods. Our experiment on dogs, however, indicated that rupture of the balloon is not always avoidable even with a smaller volume than its maximum capacity and some resistance was felt during introduction of the co-axial catheter. Thus, it appeared mandatory to improve and quality control the balloon and the catheter. In the case presented here, a follow-up angiography showed no recurrence of the fistula except for an asymptomatic pseud-aneurysmal pouch, even though the balloon was inflated only with the contrast medium and was deflated within 4 weeks. These findings suggest possibility of successful, and long-lasting outcome without employing silicone.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1983

Combination therapy of murine tumors with lentinan, bacterial lipopolysaccharide and a Streptococcus preparation, OK432.

Combination therapy by intralesional injection of OK432 followed by intraperitoneal administration of lentinan and bacterial lipopolysaccharide caused almost complete regression of solid-type tumor MH134. All three components were needed for maximal antitumor activity. Mice in which MH134-tumor had regressed due to this combination therapy showed an augmented antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction (measured by the footpad test) and resistance to rechallenge with MH134, but they had no cytolytic antibodies in their serum detectable by the complement cytotoxicity test. The possible importance of local inflammation induced by OK432 in this combination therapy is discussed.

Animals↗