Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources

Hereditary low level of plasma ceruloplasmin in LEC rats associated with spontaneous development of hepatitis and liver cancer.

Both young (5 weeks old) and old (61-100 weeks old) hereditary hepatitis LEC rats showed a markedly low level of plasma ceruloplasmin (Cp) ferroxidase activity as compared with that of age-matched LEA and BN strain rats. This trait was genetically examined by the use of (BN x LEC) F1 hybrid and (F1 x LEC) backcross rats. The F1 hybrids never developed hepatitis and showed a similar level of Cp to that found in the parental BN rats. Among the backcross rats with about 1:1 segregation rate for hepatitis, affected rats had a remarkably decreased level of Cp, as found in LEC rats, whereas unaffected rats exhibited a similar level of Cp to that of BN, F1 and LEA rats. These results indicate that the low level of Cp is heritable in a single autosomal recessive mode in LEC rats. The observed tight link between the low Cp level and the hepatitis in LEC rats suggests that defective copper metabolism may be associated with the occurrence of hepatitis in LEC rats, since Cp is a copper-binding protein primarily involved in copper transport from the liver.

Age Factors↗

Morphological and cytogenetic characterization and N-myc oncogene analysis of a newly established neuroblastoma cell line.

A permanent cell line established from a xenograft of neuroblastoma which occurred in a 5-year-old girl was investigated for its morphological and biological characteristics. The cultured cells were tumorigenic in nude mice. Microscopically, each tumor consisted of small round to polygonal cells with irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, corresponding to the features of the primary and xenografted tumor cells. Electron microscopic examination revealed that both the transplanted tumor cells and the cultured cells contained scanty microtubules and dense-core neurosecretory granules. Chromosome analysis of this cell line showed monosomy for chromosomes 1, 10, 19 and X, and structural rearrangements involving chromosomes 8, 17 and 20, in addition to numerous double minutes. The N-myc oncogene was found to be amplified 40- to 80-fold in the transplanted and cultured tumor cells, as well as in the primary tumor cells. In situ hybridization with a digoxigenin-labeled uridine-triphosphate N-myc RNA probe detected abundant mRNA in the tumor cells. This neuroblastoma line may become a valuable in vitro experimental model system for studies aimed at better characterization of neuroblastoma.

Animals↗

Temporal changes in the calcium-force relation during histamine-induced contractions of strips of the coronary artery of the pig.

1. We examined temporal changes in the relationship between cytosolic calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) and developed tension during histamine-induced contractions of strips of the coronary artery of the pig, by making use of simultaneous measurements of fura-2 fluorescence and force. 2. The relationship between [Ca2+]i and developed tension observed with cumulative applications of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]o), ranging from 0 mM to 10 mM, during 118 mM K(+)-depolarization was similar to that observed in chemically skinned strips of the porcine coronary artery, as noted by other investigators. [Ca2+]i at 0 mM [Ca2+]o, at 50% of maximum, and at maximum tension development were 76 nM, 424 nM, and 3050 nM, respectively. 3. Cumulative applications of histamine induced dose-dependent increases in [Ca2+]i and tension and the extent of tension for a given change in [Ca2+]i increased, i.e. greater effectiveness of [Ca2+]i-tension relationship, than seen with K(+)-depolarization. 4. When histamine 10(-5) M was applied, [Ca2+]i abruptly rose and reached the first peak within several seconds. After a slight dip at 30 s, [Ca2+]i reached a second peak at 3 min, and then gradually declined. On the other hand, tension developed rapidly reached a maximum at 4 min, then gradually declined. The relation between [Ca2+]i and tension in the early, rising phase of contraction was similar to that obtained during depolarization. At the time of maximum tension development, the relation was greater than that observed during depolarization, which persisted in the phase of declining tension. 5. To examine the role of protein kinase C in the increased effectiveness of [Ca2+]i-tension relation of histamine-induced contractions, we used 1-(5-isoquinolinesulphonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H-7), as an inhibitor. Exposure of strips to H-7, i0-' M, reduced the effectiveness of [Ca2+]i-tension relation toward the level observed during depolarization, while it had no effect on the [Ca2 ]i-tension relation in the early phase of contraction either in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca2 + 6. In intact smooth muscle of the coronary artery of the pig, the relationship between [Ca2+]i and developed tension varies during contraction. Histamine, a receptor-mediated stimulus, induced a greater tension for a given change in [Ca2+]i during the steady state of contraction than did depolarization. The greater effectiveness of contraction, particularly in the later phase, seems to be mediated by activation of an H-7-sensitive mechanisms.

1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine↗

alpha Fetoprotein producing early gastric cancer with liver metastasis: report of three cases.

Three cases of alpha fetoprotein producing early gastric cancer are presented. Liver metastases occurred in all patients shortly after curative gastrectomy and all died within two years. The incidence of liver metastasis was significantly higher than that in alpha fetoprotein negative early gastric carcinoma (p less than 0.001). The incidences of lymph node metastasis and invasion in lymph vessels and veins were also substantially higher in this group of patients. Two radical hepatic resections, including extended right lobectomy, were performed on one patient but the tumour recurred immediately.

Adenocarcinoma↗

External ATP-induced changes in [Ca2+]i and membrane currents in mammalian atrial myocytes.

Fura-2 fluorescent digital-imaging microscopy and whole cell patch-clamp recordings were used to study the effects of externally applied ATP on atrial myocytes isolated from rabbit and guinea pig hearts. Application of 100 microM ATP elicited a transient increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), which was not suppressed by theophylline, whereas adenosine and ADP failed to evoke the response. The Ca2+ transients were suppressed by the application of Co2+, Ni2+, or verapamil and by the removal of extracellular Ca2+, indicating that the inflow of external Ca2+ is necessary to evoke the response. The Ca2+ transient was suppressed also by ryanodine, suggesting that the mobilization of intracellular Ca2+ is another important factor. In the whole cell recordings, ATP induced a transient depolarization of the membrane potential due to the activation of a rapidly desensitizing inward current which persisted in the presence of Co2+, Ni2+, verapamil, or ryanodine. These results indicate that in mammalian atrial myocytes, ATP evoked transient increase in [Ca2+]i via P2-receptor, through the release of internally stored Ca2+ associated with the inflow of external Ca2+. This response seemed to be triggered mainly by the influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channel activated by membrane depolarization, which was caused by the ATP-induced inward current.

Adenosine↗

Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein phenotype frequencies in Cook Islanders.

The polymorphism of the alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein (A2HS) was analysed in Rarotonga and Mangaia, the Cook Islands. The A2HS*2 frequency was found to be the highest value among all populations studied up to now. There was a significant difference in A2HS*2 gene frequencies between the two populations, Rarotonga (0.62) and Mangaia (0.76).

Alleles↗

Pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis showing wandering shadows in chest roentgenograms.

The case of a 68-year-old woman with pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, whose chest roentgenograms showed unusual wandering shadows on separate occasions, is presented. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in her sputa and by bronchial washing, and were identified as Mycobacterium chelonae, subspecies abscessus. The findings of computed tomography and transbronchial lung biopsy were also unique because of multiple peribronchial inflammations. Chemotherapy with anti-tuberculosis agents and a new quinolone drug was successful in this case.

Aged↗

Enhanced expression of CD2 antigen on lung T cells.

CD2 molecules not only function in the adhesion of T cells to other cell types but also in the activation of T cells via an alternative pathway. To investigate the possible roles of CD2 molecules in the activation and accumulation of lung T cells, using monoclonal antibodies and a flow cytometer we evaluated CD2 antigen expression on lung and blood lymphocytes in 10 normal subjects, 30 patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, 7 patients with interstitial pneumonia associated with collagen vascular disease, 5 patients with farmer's lung disease, and 8 patients with Crohn's disease. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD2 on lung T cells obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was significantly higher than that on blood T cells in all study groups except the control group. In patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis this enhancement of the expression of CD2 antigen was observed only on CD4+ T cells. Since ligands for CD2 are present on immunocompetent cells of other types in the local pulmonary milieu, these results suggest that increased expression of CD2 molecules could facilitate the communication and interaction of lung T cells with their environment in the lung and thereby possibly contribute to the local accumulation of T cells.

Adult↗

Preparation and biological activity of 2-[4-(thiazol-2-yl)phenyl]propionic acid derivatives inhibiting cyclooxygenase.

A series of 2-[4-(thiazol-2-yl)phenyl]propionic acids substituted at various positions were prepared by the reaction of diethyl 2-methyl-2-(4-thiocarbamoylphenyl)malonates with alpha-bromoaldehyde diethyl acetals or alpha-haloketones followed by hydrolysis of esters. The inhibition of prostaglandin H synthetase (cyclooxygenase) was assayed by use of an enzyme preparation from guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Examination of the structure-activity relationship of these compounds indicated that the substitution pattern with halogens at position 3 (R1) of the benzene ring and a methyl group in position 4 (R2) and/or 5 (R3) of the thiazole ring were favorable for inhibitory activity. The compounds bearing bulky alkyl or polar functional groups at the R2 position were weak inhibitors. The potent inhibitors of cyclooxygenase were tested for their ability to reduce carrageenin-induced inflammation of rat paws. These derivatives had strong anti-inflammatory activity based on their strong inhibition of cyclooxygenase, with some exceptions, including those with a thiomethyl group at R1.

Animals↗

Simultaneous assessment of left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion at rest and during exercise by technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile.

First-pass radionuclide ventriculography followed by myocardial SPECT with technetium-99m methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (Tc-99m MIBI) was performed on 12 patients with suspected coronary artery disease at rest and during exercise. Left ventricular wall motion and myocardial perfusion were assessed simultaneously and compared on a segment-by-segment basis. Segmental agreement between Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 with regard to the presence of perfusion defects was 95% (57/60) at rest and 93% (37/40) during exercise. With respect to the assessment of myocardial ischemia and/or infarction, abnormalities in regional wall motion agreed with the presence of myocardial perfusion defects in 18 out of 21 segments (86%). Simultaneous evaluation of regional wall motion and myocardial perfusion by Tc-99m MIBI may provide useful information for the assessment of myocardial ischemia.

Adult↗

Arachidonic acid induced increase in intracellular free calcium in guinea-pig hepatocytes.

Arachidonic acid (AA) caused elevations of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) measured by fura-2 fluorescence digital imaging microscopy in isolated guinea-pig hepatocytes. AA-induced increase in [Ca2+]i could still be observed when extracellular Ca2+ was chelated by EGTA, and was not influenced by either cyclooxygenase or lipoxygenase inhibitors. These results suggest that AA itself rather than its metabolites has direct effects on intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, causing the elevation of [Ca2+]i.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

Metabolism and excretion of a new 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor in rats, guinea-pigs, beagles and rhesus monkeys.

1. The 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (I), a substituted benzothiazole is metabolized mainly by glucuronide and/or sulphate conjugation in rat, guinea-pig, beagle and rhesus monkey. Glucuronidation is the major pathway, and sulphation is more extensive in rat and beagle than in guinea-pig and rhesus monkey. 2. After a single oral dosing of 14C-I (10 mg/kg), more than 96% of the dose was excreted in 7 days in all four species, however there is species difference in urinary excretion, which was 2.8 +/- 0.3% in rat, 46.9 +/- 1.6% in guinea-pig, 2.6% in beagle and 68.2% in rhesus monkey. 3. After a single i.v. dose of 14C-I to bile duct-cannulated rats and guinea pigs, bile was a major route of elimination, and in rats the ratio of glucuronide to sulphate in excreta increased from 0.71 +/- 0.01 to 0.93 +/- 0.05 as the dose was increased from 0.2 to 20 mg/kg.

Animals↗

[Decreased cerebral blood flow in remote areas in deep-seated cerebrovascular lesions].

Recent positron or single photon emission computed tomographic studies have demonstrated that the impairment of regional hemodynamics or metabolism in cerebrovascular disease is not limited to the focal lesion, but also involves more remote areas. The present study evaluated cerebral blood flow in areas remote from the primary lesion in patients with subcortical cerebrovascular disease, and assessed correlations with the clinical features. Twenty patients aged 61-89 (mean, 74.7 +/- 6.7 years) were divided into the L group (lacunar infarction in deep penetrating arterial territory, n = 7), the NL group (non-lacunar subcortical infarction caused by main trunk occlusion or severe stenosis, n = 6), and the H group (putaminal or thalamic hemorrhage, n = 7). Ipsilateral cortical and contralateral cerebellar blood flow were assessed using single photon emission computed tomography with 123I-IMP. Although only some patients of the L group showed a mild reduction of ipsilateral cortical blood flow, most of the patients in the NL and H groups showed a moderate or severe flow reduction. The cortical blood flow reduction was suggested to be caused by several mechanisms, including brain edema, a decreased perfusion pressure associated with disease of large arteries, partial cortical neuronal damage, and deactivation. The degree of the flow reduction was considered to depend on the relative contribution of each of these factors. Contralateral cerebellar blood flow reduction, i.e., crossed cerebellar diaschisis, was observed more frequently and prominently in the NL and H groups than in the L group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

Complete amino acid sequence of phenomycin, an antitumor polypeptide antibiotic.

The primary structure of phenomycin, an antitumor polypeptide antibiotic isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces fervens var. phenomyceticus, was determined. Sequence analysis has revealed that it consists of 89 amino acid residues (Mr 9,524) and no disulfide bridge is present. The sequence of phenomycin at residues 48-70 was found to be hydrophilic, being surrounded by hydrophobic regions at both sides. Furthermore, clustering of half the lysine residues in this hydrophilic region and marked basicity of phenomycin imply the external disposition of this region. Phenomycin does not show significant sequence homology to any known proteins including antitumor polypeptide antibiotics.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

Small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix showing Cushing's syndrome caused by ectopic adrenocorticotropin hormone production.

A uterine cervical cancer is reported in a woman who developed Cushing's syndrome. The tumor measured 1.3 x 0.7 cm, and was a pure small cell carcinoma, identical to that in the lung. The primary tumor cells showed argyrophilia with Grimelius staining and reacted positively to the anti-chromogranin antibody. Clinically, the neoplasm behaved in an aggressive manner in spite of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and the patient died of widespread metastasis. Cushing's syndrome was noted after the occurrence of liver metastasis with an elevation of the serum adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) level. At autopsy, metastatic tumor cells from the liver reacted immunohistochemically positively not only to anti-ACTH but also to antichromogranin, anti-gastrin and anti-calcitonin antibodies. This is the first report of an immunohistochemical analysis of, and comparison of primary and metastatic sites in cervical carcinoma showing Cushing's syndrome.

ACTH Syndrome, Ectopic↗

[Coronary flow reserve and stenosis as the determinant of exercise capacity in patients with stable effort angina].

The coronary flow reserve was evaluated in 33 patients with stable effort angina and single vessel disease of the left anterior descending artery. We used a catheter-tip Doppler flow probe with injection of contrast media to the vessel in order to induce so-called reactive hyperemia. The reactive change was used as an index of the flow reserve of the coronary artery. In 15 patients out of 33, PTCA was performed and the change in the coronary flow reserve was evaluated. There was a good correlation between the coronary flow reserve and the exercise capacity in the treadmill ECG exercise test. As theoretically expected, the exercise capacity was determined by the coronary flow reserve. There was a poor correlation between the degree of stenosis shown in coronary arteriography and the coronary flow reserve. The degree of stenosis did not relate with the exercise capacity. The coronary flow reserve was increased with the procedure of PTCA. Though the patho-anatomic findings in coronary angiography give us important information to evaluate patients with ischemic heart disease, we concluded that these findings were still insufficient to allow us to estimate the flow reserve in the coronary artery. The exercise capacity did not relate well with the degree of stenosis.

Adult↗

[Nucleolar organizer regions, nuclear DNA content, and proliferative activity in adenocarcinoma of the lung].

The relationship between the quantity of silver-binding nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), nuclear DNA content, and proliferative activity was studied in 61 patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. The proliferative activity of adenocarcinoma was estimated by tumor volume doubling time based on chest X-ray findings. There was a high, inverse correlation between the AgNORs and the tumor doubling time (p less than 0.001, r = -0.815), and the contribution rate was high value (2 = 0.664). However, the AgNORs value was an independent prognostic factor for survival time. A better 5-year survival rate was observed in patients with DNA diploidy than in DNA aneuploidy, but there was no statistical difference between the two groups. There was an inverse correlation between the DNA index and tumor doubling time (p less than 0.05, r = -0.565), but the contribution rate had a low value (r2 = 0.319). These results indicate that the AgNORs value is important in providing an estimate of the proliferative activity of adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗