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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[On the diploic epidermoid: report of two cases].

Primary epidermoid tumors comprise about 1% of all central nervous system neoplasms, although the diploic epidermoid tumor is comparatively rare. Two cases of diploic epidermoid tumor are reported in this paper. Case 1: A 70-year-old man presented with a headache. A plain craniogram showed an osteolytic lesion of the occipital bone with a well defined sclerotic margin. A contrast enhanced CT confirmed a cystic lesion with rim enhancement. On MRI, the tumor appeared hypointense surrounded with irregular hyperintensity on the T1WI and hyperintensity on the T2WI. Gd enhancement on the MRI showed no enhancement effect. The tumor was totally removed and cranioplasty was performed. No tumor invasion of the dura mater was noticed. Case 2: A 90-year-old woman presented with a giant tumor of the left parietal region. She noticed a painless swelling at the age of 20, and the tumor slowly grew over a period of 70 years. Plain craniogram showed a bony defect with a sclerotic margin. CT scan confirmed an extracranial giant tumor with destruction of the outer table under the tumor, and also falx meningioma. Aspiration and irrigation inside the cystic tumor were performed under local anesthesia. Previous authors have also said that the plain craniogram is characteristic and diagnostic in the case of diploic epidermoid. Typical round or polylobular bony defect with well defined sclerotic margins was visualized.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[High dose steroid inhalation therapy using a large spacer: laboratory and clinical study on usefulness of the 4-puffs/inhalation method].

We investigated whether or not the inhalation method of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) influences patient compliance and the clinical effects of therapy in chronic bronchial asthma, together with a basic study on the lung deposition of BDP using a twin Impinger when various numbers of puffs were discharged into three different spacers (Volumatic, InspirEase, Aerochamber). It was clearly shown that only the spacer, Volumatic maintained a high deposition rate of BDP in the lung model with a dose of 4-puffs/inhalation. Eighteen chronic asthmatic patients were studied. The patients inhaled BDP (800-1600 micrograms/day) by 1-puff/inhalation using a large spacer, Volumatic, for 12 weeks, and they then inhaled the same dose of BDP as given in the previous period by 4-puffs/inhalation using the spacer for 16 weeks. We compared the compliance of BDP, attack score, %PEFR and frequency of beta-agonist inhalation between these two periods. The compliance of BDP was markedly improved after changing from 1-puff/inhalation (92.8%) to 4-puffs/inhalation (99.8%). In the 4-puffs/inhalation period, attack score and %PEFR were significantly improved as compared to the 1-puff/inhalation period. The frequency of beta-agonist inhalation use in the 4-puffs/inhalation period was significantly lower than that in the 1-puff/inhalation period. These results indicate that when high dose steroid inhalation is given with a large spacer in chronic asthmatic patients, we should advice them of the appropriate inhalation method in order to obtain good compliance and clinical effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of binswanger-type dementia with bilateral temporoparietal hypoperfusion in SPECT].

We report a case of Binswanger-type dementia demonstrated bilateral temporoparietal hypoperfusion in SPECT with 123I-IMP. The perfusion pattern in the present case was different from those previously obtained in SPECT or PET studies of patients with Binswanger-type dementia, and was similar to regional abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer-type dementia. Temporoparietal hypoperfusion in this case is likely to be mediated by neuronal mechanisms via projection fibers as a result of the deep white matter lesions in the temporoparietal area. A decreased perfusion or metabolism in the temporoparietal area is considered to be a characteristic in patients with Alzheimer-type dementia, however, we should keep in mind that other cerebral disorders may also show a similar perfusion pattern.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Experimental research on choroidal circulation. 1. Effect of sectioning or stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerve upon choroidal blood flow].

Choroidal blood flow (CBF) was continuously measured with a laser doppler flowmeter (LDF) in 32 pentobarbital-anesthetized cats. A rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) caused a decrease in CBF, but when the IOP increase was slight, it induced a CBF increase. A sustained increase of CBF occurred following sectioning of the cervical sympathetic nerve (CSN) in 7 out of 18 eyes, but no noticeable blood flow change was observed in the remaining 11 eyes. Two different vasomotor responses in CBF were observed in response to electrical stimulation of the peripheral cut end of the CSN; one was a decrease and the other an increase. From the present experiments, decrease of CBF elicited by CSN stimulation is considered to be due to an increase in the activity in vasoconstrictor fibers of choroidal capillary blood vessels, but the exact mechanism of the CBF increase is unknown. Slight changes in position of the LDF probe sometimes alter the vasoresponses, suggesting that the site at which CBF was measured is crucial for investigating the effects of dissection or electrical stimulation of the CSN on CBF.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Anticarcinogenic activity of green tea polyphenols.

The main physiologically active polyphenol in green tea extract is (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). Green tea extract has an advantage over EGCG as a cancer chemopreventive agent for humans, as is apparent from the Japanese custom of injesting green tea on a daily basis. Green tea extract similarly inhibited protein kinase C activation by teleocidin, a tumor promoter, as did EGCG. In addition, EGCG and green tea extract showed inhibitory effects on the growth of lung and mammary cancer cell lines with similar potencies. An experiment using the estrogen-dependent MCF-7 cell line showed the mechanisms of action of these compounds to be inhibiting the interaction of estrogen with its receptors. Considering our previous results of a single application of EGCG to mouse skin inhibiting the specific binding of 3H-12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (3H-TPA) and 3H-okadaic acid, we postulated that EGCG and compounds in green tea extracts would block the interaction of tumor promoters, hormones and growth factors with their receptors: a kind of sealing effect. The sealing effect would account for reversible growth arrest, and may be induced by various kinds of compound.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Development of candidates for new type 2 and type 3 oral poliovirus vaccines.

Monkey neurovirulence tests on in vitro recombinant viruses between the virulent Mahoney and the attenuated Sabin 1 strains of type 1 poliovirus revealed that a strong neurovirulence determinant(s) resided in the 5' non-coding sequence of the genome and that the surface structure of the virion particle had a little correlation with the neurovirulence or attenuation phenotype. The results suggested that new and safer vaccine strains of type 2 and type 3 polioviruses may be constructed in vitro by replacing the sequence encoding the antigenic determinants in viral capsid proteins of the Sabin 1 genome by the corresponding sequences of the type 2 and type 3 genome, respectively, because the Sabin 1 strain is the safest vaccine among the Sabin strains. We have constructed recombinant viruses, PV1/2 (SS)BB and PV1/3(SS)BN, as vaccine candidates for type 2 and type 3 oral poliovirus vaccines respectively. These recombinant viruses were fully viable and showed antigenicities and immunogenicities identical to those of type 2 and type 3 polioviruses respectively. The monkey neurovirulence tests performed on these recombinant viruses suggest that the recombinant viruses are possible candidates for new type 2 and type 3 poliovirus vaccine strains.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A case of acute pulmonary hemorrhage and positive anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody in systemic lupus erythematosus].

A 58-year-old woman was admitted with cough, dyspnea on effort and diffuse micronodular and patchy shadows on her chest roentgenograms. Two weeks later, acute pulmonary hemorrhage developed with low levels of complement and positive immune complexes. She was diagnosed as having systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with positive anti-nuclear antibody, positive anti-DNA antibody, biologically false positive Wassermann reaction, auto-immune hemolytic anemia and photosensitive dermatoses. In addition, anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM antibody) was positive in serum, but pulmonary hemorrhage was thought to be secondary to SLE, since the renal biopsy showed lupus nephritis. Cases of SLE with positive anti-GBM antibody are seldom confirmed. It was assumed that the basement membrane of the lung or kidney was damaged first by interstitial pneumonitis due to SLE or lupus nephritis, basement membranes antigens were exposed, with secondary production of anti-GBM antibody.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1992

Production and ligand-binding characteristics of the soluble form of murine erythropoietin receptor.

A recombinant soluble form (sEPO-R) of erythropoietin (EPO) receptor (EPO-R) was produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells and isolated in high yield with the EPO-fixed gel. Ligand binding assays were done using three methods; precipitation of sEPO-R radiolabeled EPO complex and competition of sEPO-R for the binding of radiolabeled EPO with the cellular EPO-R. The results showed a Kd of 17 nM which was much lower than those for cellular EPO-R. One N-glycosylation site exists in sEPO-R but the glycosylation did not affect the binding affinity to EPO. A complex with a molecular size that corresponded to a 1:1 complex of EPO and sEPO-R was detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Correlation between nucleolar organizer regions visualized by silver staining and the growth rate in lung adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The value of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) visualized by silver staining (AgNOR) for the histologic differentiation, pathologic staging, and estimation of growth rate was assessed by the investigation of paraffin sections from 58 lung adenocarcinomas. AgNOR consist of NOR-associated proteins, and the number of AgNOR might be related to proliferative activity. METHODS: In lung adenocarcinoma, the growth rate can be measured by means of chest radiographs. Using this technique, the authors studied the correlation between the mean number of AgNOR and growth rate. RESULTS: The mean number of AgNOR ranged from 1.8 to 6.3 (mean +/- standard deviation, 4.0 +/- 0.8). Neither the degree of histologic differentiation nor the pathologic staging was related to the AgNOR count. The tumor growth rate was estimated on the basis of the doubling time in the chest radiographs of 13 patients. The doubling time ranged from 80 to 760 days. There was a high inverse correlation between the AgNOR count and the doubling time (r = -0.910; P less than 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Thus, it appears to be possible to use the mean number of AgNOR as an index of proliferative activity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

In vivo anti-tumor activity of arginine deiminase purified from Mycoplasma arginini.

Arginine deiminase (EC 3.5.3.6) was purified to homogeneity from the cell extract of Mycoplasma arginini by molecular-sieve, anion-exchange and arginine-affinity chromatographies. The purified enzyme was composed of 2 identical sub-units with a molecular weight of 45.000 and had a pI of 4.7. Its Vmax value and Km value for L-arginine were estimated to be 50 units/mg protein and 0.2 mM, respectively. It exerted maximal enzyme activity at pH 6.0-7.5 and at 50 degrees C. The arginine deiminase was stable at neutral pH. When injected i.v. into mice, the half-life of the arginine deiminase in blood was about 4 hr. In culture, the enzyme strongly inhibited the growth of 6 kinds of mouse tumor cell lines by depleting L-arginine in the culture media. When the in vivo growth-inhibitory activity of arginine deiminase was tested for the 6 tumor cell lines, i.p. administration of the purified enzyme effectively prolonged the survival time of the mice injected with all kinds of the tumor cell lines. Especially, the in vivo growth of a hepatoma cell line, MH134, was completely prevented by the daily administration at a dose of 0.2 mg/mouse for 14 days. These results raise the possibility of the use of the arginine deiminase derived from Mycoplasma arginini as a new anti-tumor drug.

Animals↗