Two-photon absorption in conjugated polymers: Contributions of excitonic and biexcitonic states.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
S Abe
Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.
Immunohistochemical study of cathepsin B. Prognostic significance in human lung cancer.
BACKGROUND: The concentration of cysteine proteinase cathepsin B has been shown to be elevated in association with malignancy or metastatic potential of human and rodent tumors, but its prognostic value for human lung cancer remains undetermined. METHODS: Using a polyclonal antibody, immunohistochemical analyses of cathepsin B were performed on paraffin embedded sections of tumors obtained surgically from 108 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (49 squamous cell carcinomas, 59 adenocarcinomas). The immunohistochemical expressions of cathepsin B in the tumors were compared with patient survival. RESULTS: Higher grade expression of cathepsin B was associated significantly with shorter survival in non-small cell lung cancer (P < 0.01), in squamous cell carcinoma (P < 0.05), and in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). A similar result also was seen in Stage I non-small cell lung cancer (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The authors concluded that the immunohistochemical staining pattern of cathepsin B may be a useful predictor of survival for human lung cancer.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Optical-absorption spectra in fullerenes C60 and C70: Effects of Coulomb interactions, lattice fluctuations, and anisotropy.
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Journal Article↗
Theory of triplet exciton polarons and photoinduced absorption in conjugated polymers.
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Journal Article↗
[Significance of a mass survey for colorectal cancer at the workplace].
Two thousand four hundred and forty workers from 2 plants were enrolled in a mass survey for colorectal cancer using a single immunological fecal occult blood test as screening. The occult blood test was positive in 71 (4.0%) out of 1,759 subjects in whom the test was conducted. A further investigation, including total colonoscopy or barium enema, was performed on 52 (73.2%) of the 71. Colon cancer was detected in 5 cases: 1 with advanced cancer and 4 with early cancer (cancer in the adenoma). The advanced cancer was successfully resected by surgery and the early cancers were removed by endoscopic polypectomy. Adenomas were found in 21 cases, 11 of which were polypectomized. From these results, it can be seen that a survey for colorectal cancer at the workplace is important, and by expanding the number of subjects for the survey in the workplace we can expect more and earlier detections of colorectal cancer.
Adenoma↗
Immunohistochemical distributions of cathepsin B and basement membrane antigens in human lung adenocarcinoma: association with invasion and metastasis.
The distributions of cathepsin B (CB) a lysosomal cysteine proteinase, type IV collagen (CIV) and laminin (LM), which are main components of basement membranes (BMs) were studied in a series of 64 human lung adenocarcinomas using an immunohistochemical technique. Over-expression of CB (> 80% positive cells) was significantly associated with the grade of tumour differentiation (p < 0.01), with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01) and with BM degradation (p < 0.01) detected by the staining pattern of CIV and LM. It was significantly associated with a prognostic disadvantage (p < 0.01). The immunohistochemical staining pattern of CB has a close relationship with degradation of BM, and may be used as a marker for tumour metastasis and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Immunocytochemical study of seminal gamma-glutamyltransferase using monoclonal antibodies.
We produced three monoclonal antibodies, SG1, SG2 and SG3, specific for human seminal gamma-glutamyltransferase when characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. Seminal gamma-glutamyltransferase was localized, by immunostaining, to the epithelial cells of the ductus epididymidis, seminal vesicle and prostate gland with SG1, those of the prostate gland with SG2, and those of the seminal vesicle with SG3. Rabbit polyclonal anti-seminal gamma-glutamyltransferase serum reacted with the proximal convolution of the kidney and the bile capillaries of the liver, and with the epithelial cells of the reproductive organs. However, immunoreactivity was not observed in the kidney or liver with the monoclonal antibodies. Thus, these monoclonal antibodies are probably all specific to seminal gamma-glutamyltransferase but recognize different epitopes.
Animals↗
Increased pulsatile movement of the hindbrain in syringomyelia associated with the Chiari malformation: cine-MRI with presaturation bolus tracking.
Cine-MRI with presaturation bolus tracking was used in patients with syringomyelia associated with a Chiari malformation to study pulsatile movement of the hindbrain, cervical spinal cord, cerebrospinal fluid and the fluid within the syrinx. Nine patients had 13 examinations, 6 preoperative, 3 after syringosubarachnoid shunting and 4 after posterior fossa decompression. Five controls were also examined. Dynamic display of the acquired images demonstrated downward displacement of the presaturation bolus on the cerebellar tonsils and medulla oblongata (or upper cervical cord) at the C1 level in all preoperative examinations and in two patients after syringosubarachnoid shunting but with residual foramen magnum obstruction. Downward displacement of the bolus on the cervical spinal cord was also demonstrated in 7 examinations, but not observed in the controls. Thus, the hind-brain-spinal cord axis showed larger pulsatile movements in patients with foramen magnum obstruction. Based on these observations and a review of the literature, a new theory on the mode of extension of syringomyelia, emphasising the role of increased pulsatile movement of the hind-brain-spinal cord axis is proposed: that the pulsatile movements, together with a one-way valve mechanism in the syrinx cavity act as a "vacuum-pump" to enlarge the syrinx.
Adolescent↗
One-lung or two-lung ventilation during transthoracic oesophagectomy?
The purpose of this study was to determine the safety of one-lung ventilation (OLV) during transthoracic oesophagectomy. Changes in circulatory and respiratory variables during and after operation were compared in patients receiving OLV or conventional two-lung ventilation (TLV). Thirty patients undergoing transthoracic oesophagectomy were randomly divided into either the OLV or the TLV group. During thoracotomy, FIO2 was kept to 1.0. The PaO2 in the OLV group decreased from the prethoracotomy value of 467 +/- 84 mmHg to 227 +/- 162 mmHg during OLV. This decrease was greater than the decrease from 484 +/- 79 mmHg to 380 +/- 119 mmHg in the TLV group (P < 0.05). The shunt ratio increased in the OLV group from 20 +/- 7% to 35 +/- 13% during OLV which was greater than the increase in the TLV group (26 +/- 7% from 17 +/- 8%) (P < 0.05). Other variables and the incidence of the complications, however, were little different between the two groups during and after OLV and up to POD 3. It is concluded that OLV is as safe as TLV during oesophagectomy.
Anesthesia, Epidural↗
Noninvasive identification of left main and three-vessel coronary artery disease by thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography during adenosine infusion.
Advanced coronary artery disease, defined as left main or three-vessel coronary disease, was identifiable noninvasively by means of adenosine Tl-201 single photon emission tomography. Among 75 consecutive patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease, there were 11 patients with the presence (group 1) and 64 patients with the absence (group 2) of advanced coronary artery disease. The lung-to-heart ratio (L/H ratio) of Tl-201 uptake was calculated as the fraction of average Tl-201 counts per pixel in the lung divided by those in the myocardium. The left ventricular dilation ratio (LVDR) was determined as a ratio of left ventricular cavity size in the early image to that in the delayed image. The patients in group 1 had more defects (2.3 +/- 0.6 seg. vs. 0.9 +/- 0.7 seg., p < 0.001), a higher L/H ratio (35 +/- 4% vs. 28 +/- 5%, p < 0.001) and a higher LVDR (1.13 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.06 +/- 0.04, p < 0.001) than those in group 2. The diagnostic accuracy of the identification of advanced coronary artery disease was 89% by perfusion defects, 68% by L/H ratio and 81% by LVDR. Stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that LVDR (F = 36.2, p < 0.0001) and perfusion defects (F = 8.9, p < 0.004) were the significant and independent discriminators of advanced coronary disease. Identification of patients with left main or three-vessel coronary disease was enhanced by additional analysis of cavity dilation of the left ventricle and increased Tl-201 activity in the lung.
Adenosine↗
Adenosine-induced heterogeneous perfusion accompanies myocardial ischemia in the presence of advanced coronary artery disease.
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the characteristics of patients in whom transient myocardial ischemia was evoked during adenosine infusion. Thallium-201 (Tl-201) myocardial imaging and two-dimensional echocardiography during adenosine infusion were performed simultaneously in 61 consecutive patients enrolled for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. Transient reduction of systolic wall motion after adenosine infusion was considered evidence of myocardial ischemia. Tl-201 redistribution was noted in 38 patients, and 23 of them showed a wall motion abnormality during adenosine infusion. Stepwise discriminant analysis was applied to eight variables that showed significant differences by the univariate analysis between patients with the presence and the absence of adenosine-induced wall motion abnormality: myocardial infarction, anginal pain, ST depression, collateral vessels, Tl-201 redistribution, number of diseased vessels of > or = 75% or 90% stenosis and number of segments with Tl-201 redistribution. The number of diseased vessels with > or = 75% stenosis (F = 43.5, p < 0.0001), ST depression (F = 16.0, p < 0.0002), collateral vessels (F = 11.7, p < 0.001) and Tl-201 redistribution (F = 5.6, p < 0.02) were the statistically significant discriminators relating to adenosine-induced wall motion abnormality. Adenosine-induced myocardial ischemia was related to the number of coronary stenoses, reflecting the presence of severe coronary artery disease, and well-developed collaterals that might be integral factors in a coronary steal phenomenon.
Adenosine↗
Organ distribution of thallium-201 during intravenous adenosine infusion: comparison with exercise.
Thallium-201 (Tl-201) distribution during adenosine infusion was assessed quantitatively and compared with that of exercise imaging. Adenosine and exercise Tl-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed in 40 patients with suspected coronary artery disease. In the whole-body images (n = 5) and the unprocessed anterior projection images acquired as part of the initial imaging (n = 35), Tl-201 counts in the myocardium were normalized for the injected dose. Total heart counts were higher during adenosine infusion than during exercise (190 +/- 43 counts/MBq vs 145 +/- 31 counts/MBq, p < 0.01). A heart-to-lung count ratio between adenosine infusion and exercise was not different. A heart-to-liver count ratio was lower during adenosine infusion than during exercise (1.3 +/- 0.3 vs 2.3 +/- 0.5, p < 0.01). Regional Tl-201 uptakes at the inferior wall of the left ventricle during adenosine infusion were closely correlated with those uptakes during exercise (r = 0.94, p < 0.01, slope = 0.96). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of adenosine Tl-201 SPECT for the detection of right coronary artery stenosis were comparable with those of exercise imaging. These results indicated that higher Tl-201 uptake in the liver during adenosine than during exercise did not interfere with the interpretation of myocardial images. Tl-201 counts in the myocardium that were larger during adenosine infusion than during exercise reflected a larger increase in coronary blood flow and thus resulted in better image quality.
Adenosine↗
Increased heparin-releasable platelet factor 4 and D dimer in patients one month after the onset of acute myocardial infarction: persistent activation of platelets and the coagulation/fibrinolytic system.
To evaluate the activity of platelets and the coagulation/fibrinolytic system 1 month after the onset of acute myocardial infarction, we measured the plasma levels of molecular markers, i.e. beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, thrombin-antithrombin III complex and D dimer, in 16 patients with acute myocardial infarction and in 11 normal subjects. Blood was drawn through a catheter placed in the pulmonary artery before heparin injection. The heparin-releasable platelet factor 4 was calculated by subtracting the level before the injection of 5000 U of heparin, from the level 5 min after injection. The plasma beta-thromboglobulin, thrombin-antithrombin III complex and the D dimer levels in the acute phase of myocardial infarction were 134.9 +/- 121.2, 11.2 +/- 7.1 and 164.4 +/- 115.3 ng/ml, respectively. These values were significantly higher than those in the normal subjects. The plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and thrombin-antithrombin III complex, 1 month after the onset (36.6 +/- 16.4 and 4.6 +/- 2.3 ng/ml, respectively) were not significantly different from those of the normal subjects. In contrast, D dimer and heparin-releasable platelet factor 4 were 216.9 +/- 176.9 and 80.5 +/- 29.3 ng/ml, respectively, and significantly higher than in the normal subjects. These findings suggest a latent but persistent activation of the platelets and the coagulation/fibrinolytic system 1 month after the onset of acute myocardial infarction.
Adult↗
Clinical experience of Hokkaido University-PACS and FCR-angiography.
Three years' experience with Hokkaido University-PACS (HU-PACS) is reported. In particular, this paper describes the suitability of FCR-angiography for HU-PACS, which has been in clinical use since March 1991. Image quality of FCR-arteriograms was evaluated in the head-and-face region and the abdominal region independently. The image quality in both regions was excellent. Quality of transferred images to image workstation for HU-PACS with 10:1 data compression was also evaluated, and no appreciable image degradation or loss of information was found in the transferred images. There was no significant difference in the examination time required for one patient in abdominal angiography between conventional angiography and FCR-angiography. In summary, FCR-angiography is suitable for HU-PACS as its image acquisition modality.
Abdomen↗
Early assessment of reperfusion therapy using cardiac troponin T.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of cardiac troponin T for early assessment of reperfusion therapy. BACKGROUND: Several biochemical markers are used for early noninvasive detection of reperfusion during intravenous thrombolytic therapy. However, cardiac troponin T, a new myocardial-specific marker, has not been used previously for this purpose. METHODS: We measured troponin T and creatine kinase, MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels in 38 patients with acute myocardial infarction whose infarct-related artery was totally occluded before reperfusion therapy. Subjects comprised 14 patients with successful angioplasty (group 1), 12 patients with successful thrombolytic therapy (group 2) and 12 patients with unsuccessful attempted reperfusion (group 3). Blood samples were taken every 15 min, and coronary angiography was performed every 5 to 8 min until 60 min after reperfusion (groups 1 and 2) or after the initiation of treatment (group 3). We calculated the increase in troponin T (delta troponin T) and CK-MB (delta CK-MB) 60 min after treatment was initiated and 60 min after reperfusion in groups 1 and 2. RESULTS: Mean (+/- SD) delta troponin T and delta CK-MB levels were 9.35 +/- 7.83 ng/ml and 125 +/- 83 mU/ml in group 1 and 3.23 +/- 3.08 ng/ml and 130 +/- 137 mU/ml in group 2, respectively, 60 min after treatment and were 10.1 +/- 8.35 ng/ml and 131 +/- 84 mU/ml in group 1 and 6.84 +/- 8.30 ng/ml and 158 +/- 146 mU/ml in group 2, respectively, 60 min after reperfusion. These values were significantly higher than those 60 min after treatment in group 3: 0.16 +/- 0.19 ng/ml and 10 +/- 9 mU/ml, respectively. The predictive accuracy for detecting reperfusion using a threshold value of 0.50 ng/ml of delta troponin T and 25 mU/ml of delta CK-MB was 100% in group 1 and 92% in group 2 60 min after treatment, respectively. There was significant correlation between delta troponin T and delta CK-MB. CONCLUSIONS: Serial measurements of cardiac troponin T as well as of CK-MB are useful for early assessment of reperfusion therapy.
Aged↗
Rapid diagnosis of coronary reperfusion by measurement of myoglobin level every 15 min in acute myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine whether coronary reperfusion can be diagnosed rapidly and accurately by myoglobin measurements. BACKGROUND: When intravenous thrombolysis is used for acute myocardial infarction, it is important to determine coronary reperfusion rapidly and noninvasively so that further treatment can be initiated. METHODS: We determined myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase, MB fraction (CK-MB) isoenzyme levels in 63 patients with acute myocardial infarction with total occlusion of the infarct-related artery that was confirmed by coronary angiography. Myoglobin was measured by turbidimetric latex agglutination, which has an assay time of 10 min. We measured myoglobin, CK and CK-MB every 15 min in 45 patients with and 18 patients without reperfusion. The condition of the infarct-related artery was confirmed every 5 to 8 min by coronary angiography. RESULTS: The rate of increase in myoglobin, CK, and CK-MB at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after treatment and reperfusion was significantly higher in the reperfused than in the nonreperfused group. In the reperfused group, the rate of increase in myoglobin was significantly higher than the corresponding rate of increase in CK and CK-MB at 15, 30 and 45 min after reperfusion. When reperfusion was evaluated on the basis of a cutoff level (myoglobin > or = 2.0, CK > or = 1.8, CK-MB > or = 1.5), the predictive accuracy of myoglobin (95%) was significantly higher than that of CK (68%) and CK-MB (73%) at 15 min after reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary reperfusion can be rapidly and accurately detected by measurement of the plasma myoglobin every 15 min.
Adult↗
In vivo assessment of prevention of white-noise-induced seizure in magnesium-deficient rats by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockers.
The behavioral changes associated with seizures induced by auditory stimulation in magnesium (Mg)-deficient rats originate in deep brain structures and secondarily project to neocortex. In the present study, we examined the roles of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in this seizure model. The intraperitoneal administration of the competitive NMDA receptor blocker DL-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (36 and 72 mg/kg) and the non-competitive NMDA receptor blocker MK-801 (1.35 and 2.7 mg/kg), completely prevented the induction of seizure and bradyarrhythmia or sudden death resulting from seizure. Therefore, the white-noise-induced seizures in Mg-deficient rats are linked to increased neuronal excitability via the NMDA receptor.
2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
Anti-tumour activity of low-toxicity lipopolysaccharide of Bordetella pertussis.
A lipopolysaccharide (BP-LPS) isolated from killed Bordetella pertussis (Tohama strain) was determined to have low toxicity based on the mortality and decrease in body weight of BP-LPS-injected mice. BP-LPS, administered intradermally or intraperitoneally, clearly inhibited the growth of an MM46 murine mammary carcinoma. When compared with a toxic Escherichia coli-derived LPS, BP-LPS displayed excellent anti-tumour activity against MH134 hepatoma and Meth A fibrosarcoma. As part of a combined chemotherapy/immunotherapy regimen, BP-LPS also seemed to prolong the lifespan of mice inoculated with Lewis lung carcinoma. BP-LPS thus appears to have valuable characteristics as an anti-tumour agent.
Animals↗