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Biomedical subjects

S Abe

Publications and source records attributed to S Abe.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

MIB-1 immunostaining and DNA flow cytometry in meningiomas.

The correlation between S- and G2/M-phase fractions and MIB-1 index in meningiomas was investigated. Flow cytometric analyses were performed on cell suspensions from 81 samples of paraffin-embedded tissue from 29 patients with a total of 28 meningiomas and 1 hemangiopericytoma using the modified Hedley's method. Sections from the paraffin-embedded tissues were stained with anti-MIB-1 monoclonal antibody after microwave oven processing. Five hundreds cells were scored. Correlations between data were estimated using linear regression. DNA aneuploidy was present in 4/29 tumors. Mean S- and G2/M-phase fractions in the 25 nonrecurrent tumors were 1.77 and 4.76%, and in the recurrent tumors were 2.41 and 5.81%, respectively. The proliferative index (PI = S + G2/M fraction) was 6.52% in the nonrecurrent tumors and 8.29% in the recurrent tumors. The mean MIB-1 score in the nonrecurrent tumors was 1.25% and in the recurrent tumors was 2.69%. There was a linear correlation between percentage of S-phase fraction or PI and the MIB-1 score. Both methods are useful to assess the proliferative activity in meningioma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1996

[Comparative study on the efficacy of ritipenem acoxil and cefotiam hexetil in chronic lower respiratory tract infections by the double-blind method].

To objectively evaluate the efficacy, safety and usefulness of the newly developed penem oral antibiotic, ritipenem acoxil (RIPM-AC), against chronic lower respiratory tract infections, we conducted a multi-center double-blind comparative study using cefotiam hexetil (CTM-HE) as a control drug. RIPM-AC was orally administered at 200 mg, and CTM-HE at 400 mg, t.i.d. for 14 days, in principle. The results were as follows: The total number of patients enrolled in this trial was 202, of which 151 cases (RIPM-AC group: 75, CTM-HE group: 76) were evaluable for clinical efficacy. 1. The clinical efficacy rates (excellent+good) were 85.3% (64/75) in the RIPM-AC group and 80.3% (61/76) in the CTM-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups, hence the clinical equivalency of RIPM-AC to CTM-HE was demonstrated. 2. In the patients enrolled in the evaluation of clinical efficacy, the eradication rates of the causative organisms were 50.0% (13/26) in the RIPM-AC group and 75.0% (18/24) in the CTM-HE group, with no significant difference between the two groups. 3. Side effects were noted in 10 cases (11.0%) of the RIPM-AC group and 10 cases (10.9%) of the CTM-HE group. Abnormal laboratory test findings were observed in 8 cases(9.5%) of the RIPM-AC group and in 14 cases (16.7%) of the CTM-HE group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of side effects and abnormal laboratory test findings. In the safety evaluation, RIPM-AC was judged to be safe in 73 cases (80.2%) and CTM-HE in 71 cases (77.2%), with no significant difference. 4. The usefulness rates (markedly useful+useful) were 79.5% (62/78) in the RIPM-AC group and 76.9% (60/78) in the CTM-HE group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. Since RIPM-AC showed clinical efficacy similar to those of CTM-HE and posed no particular safety problems, it is expected to be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula--usefulness of three-dimensional computed tomography].

A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for examination of an abnormal shadow in the left middle lung field. The lesion was in S4 of the left upper lobe, with dilation of A5 b and V5 b, and was suspected to be a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. A three dimensional CT scan showed a tortuous and irregularly dilated vessel. Color doppler imaging showed a mosaic pattern of blood flow. These findings indicated that the fistula was attached to the pleura. The patient underwent thoracoscopic partial resection of the lung.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical effects of beni-koji in mild essential hypertension--a multi-center double-blind comparison with placebo].

Antihypertensive effects of beni-koji were studied using 29 outpatients with mild hypertension in a placebo-controlled double-blind comparative fashion. After a 4-week vehicle (apple juice) run-in period, 13 patients were assigned to receive beni-koji aqueous extracts containing juice once daily (27 g of beni-koji eq. per day) for 8 weeks and 16 were assigned to vehicle. Two patients assigned to the vehicle group did not complete the study. In addition to casual blood pressure, 24-hr non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) was monitored in 6 patients given the beni-koji drink and 5 patients given the vehicle. 1) In the beni-koji group, both casual systolic and diastolic pressure decreased significantly during the treatment period (from 150 +/- 10/96 +/- 6 mmHg to 140 +/- 10/89 +/- 10 mmHg, p < 0.01). The averages of the 24-hr blood pressure recorded in ABP (24-BP) also significantly decreased (from 141 +/- 17/95 +/- 13 mmHg to 132 +/- 21/86 +/- 10 mmHg, p < 0.05) when compared with those of the control period. Casual pressure normalized (less than 140/90 mmHg) in 4 patients who received beni-koji. Circadian variation of the blood pressure by ABP showed a significant decrease during the daytime. 2) In the vehicle group, casual systolic pressure did not change significantly (from 155 +/- 8 mmHg to 151 +/- 12 mmHg), but diastolic pressure decreased significantly (98 +/- 7 mmHg to 93 +/- 6 mmHg). Casual blood pressure did not normalize in any of the patients and 24-BP did not change significantly. 3) Summative evaluation of safety showed that no problems appeared in the beni-koji group. In conclusion, beni-koji appears to be an effective and safe food material for mild essential hypertension. The mechanism of the antihypertensive effect of beni-koji still remains to be investigated.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1996

[Surfactant protein A in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia].

We measured the levels of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and from healthy volunteers. The SP-A levels in the patients who were smokers (1.4 +/- 0.2 micrograms/ml) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those in the patients who were nonsmokers (3.0 +/- 0.5 micrograms/ml). However, SP-A levels did not differ significantly between patients and volunteers who were smokers, or between patients and volunteers who were nonsmokers. The ratios of SP-A to phospholipid in patients who were smokers and in those who were non-smokers did not differ significantly from those in volunteers who were smokers and volunteers who were non smokers. The total number of alveolar macrophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid did not significantly correlate with the level of SP-A, although the percentage of alveolar macrophages correlated negatively (p < 0.05) with the level of SP-A. The low level of SP-A in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia who are smokers may weaken the host defense functions in peripheral airways and may contribute to the poor outcomes in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Use of the buccal fat pad as a pedicle graft.

A technique was developed to use the pedicle buccal fat pad as method for closing an oro-antral communication. The buccal fat pad is situated in the posterior part of the maxilla and bounded by the pterygopalatine fossa, buccal muscle, and masseter muscle. It is supplied by blood from small branches of the maxillary artery, the superficial temporal artery, and the facial artery. Generally, the buccal fat pad can be easily reached by a horizontal incision over the periosteum near the maxillary third molar. As much as 60 x 50mm2 can be obtained. For reconstructive surgery, the buccal fat pad is suitable for closing the sinus near the hard and soft palate and naso-oral fistulae. In our case, graft tissues after surgery healed satisfactorily, began to epithelialize at two weeks after operation, and appeared with normal mucous-like changes at about one month. Thus, the pedicle buccal fat pad is a safe, simple, convenient, and effective grafting method, if it is applied to appropriate cases.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1995

Molecular cloning of a novel serine/threonine kinase, MRK, possibly involved in cardiac development.

We have isolated a novel member of putative serine/threonine kinase from a rat heart cDNA library using polymerase chain reaction methods. The novel kinase is transcribed as 2.6 kb mRNA encoding for a protein of 629 amino acids with the C-terminal non-catalytic portion. Amino acids analysis revealed that the N-terminal catalytic domain is 87% identical to the male-germ cell associated kinase (MAK), a cdc2-related serine/threonine kinase found to promote meiosis during spermatogenesis. Therefore, we designated this novel kinase as the MAK-related kinase (MRK). MRK protein, with a molecular weight of 66 kD, was shown to phosphorylate itself and the exogenous substrates, histone H1 and myelin basic protein. In addition, phosphoamino acid analysis confirmed the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase activity of MRK. Although MRK was ubiquitous in adult rat tissues, the expression of MRK protein in embryos was restricted primarily to embryonic myocardium during early organogenesis. This finding suggests that MRK may be a participant in cardiac development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for human seminal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

A sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for detecting human seminal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) using a combination of anti-seminal gamma-GTP monoclonal antibodies. These monoclonal antibodies did not react with human ovary or uterus in immunohistochemical study. Optimal assay condition, resulting in a sensitive assay with a low background, is presented. The detection limit of this assay was estimated to be 1 ng/ml of seminal gamma-GTP corresponding to about 100,000 times dilution of seminal sample. This ELISA was specific for seminal gamma-GTP, without cross-reactivity to renal or hepatic gamma-GTP, normal blood serum, non-coital vaginal fluid or saliva. The recovery of seminal gamma-GTP added to various biological fluids were also examined.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1995

A novel type of retinoic acid receptor antagonist: synthesis and structure-activity relationships of heterocyclic ring-containing benzoic acid derivatives.

A new series of heterocyclic ring-containing benzoic acids was prepared, and the binding affinity and antagonism of its members against all-trans-retinoic acid were evaluated by in vitro assay systems using human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells. Structure-activity relationships indicated that both an N-substituted pyrrole or pyrazole (1-position) and a hydrophobic region, with these linked by a ring system, were indispensable for effective antagonism. Among the compounds evaluated, optimal antagonism was exhibited by 4-[4,5,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-7,7,10,-10-tetramethyl-1-(3- pyridylmethyl)anthra[1,2-b]pyrrol-3-yl]benzoic acid (31), 4-[4,5,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-7,7,10,10-tetramethyl-1-(3-pyridylmethyl)-5- thiaanthral[1,2-b]pyrrol-3-yl]benzoic acid (40), and 4-[4,5,7,8,9,10-hexahydro-7,7,10,10-tetramethyl-1-(3- pyridylmethyl)anthra[2,1-d]pyrazol-3-yl]benzoic acid (55), all of which possess a 3-pyridylmethyl group at the five-membered ring nitrogen atom.

Benzoates↗
PubMed1995

Studies on neurovirulence in poliovirus-sensitive transgenic mice and cynomolgus monkeys for the different temperature-sensitive viruses derived from the Sabin type 3 virus.

We have studied methods for testing the neurovirulence of live poliovaccine viruses by intraspinal inoculation into mice carrying the human poliovirus receptor gene (Tg mice). A comparison of the neurovirulence of Sabin type 3 vaccine virus and related viruses using the 50% paralysis dose determined after intraspinal inoculation into the Tg mice as an index revealed a close correlation between the results of the paralysis dose in Tg mice, the neurovirulence expressed by the histopathological lesions core in monkeys, and the temperature sensitivity of the viruses. The results of experiments in the Tg mice also showed a good correlation with the number of mutations at position 472 from U to C in the 5' noncoding region in the genomes of the viruses tested. These results strongly suggest that the neurovirulence test for oral poliomyelitis vaccine using the Tg mice is an excellent method and may be used in place of the test using monkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Molecular cloning of a mouse G-protein-activated K+ channel (mGIRK1) and distinct distributions of three GIRK (GIRK1, 2 and 3) mRNAs in mouse brain.

We cloned the mouse brain G-protein-activated K+ channel 1 (mGIRK1) cDNA and determined the complete nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the coding region. In in situ hybridization using specific oligonucleotide probes, the signals for the three mGIRK (mGIRK1, mGIRK2 and mGIRK3) mRNAs were shown to be distributed widely as well as differently in most brain regions except for the caudate-putamen. Further, at least one, usually several, mGIRK mRNA with variable combinations was observed in most brain regions. These findings suggested that mGIRK channels may be essential in most brain regions in a signal transduction mediated by various G-protein-coupled receptors and that different subunit organizations of the mGIRK channel might occur in different neurons, resulting in diversity of their channel function in vivo.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Neurovirulence test for oral live poliovaccines using poliovirus-sensitive transgenic mice.

The transgenic mice, ICR-PVRTg21, carrying the human poliovirus receptor gene, were intraspinally inoculated with oral poliovirus vaccine viruses and the viruses that had been derived from a vaccine preparation by passagings at 38 degrees. Dose-dependent incidence of paralysis was observed in the transgenic mice inoculated with any of the viruses used. All transgenic mice showing histopathological lesions in the central nervous system appeared to display clinical signs that resembled those observed in human poliomyelitis. These suggest that relative neurovirulence levels of individual virus preparations can be estimated by values of 50% paralysis dose. Indeed, the parameter correlated well with monkey lesion scores of viruses used. Histopathological changes such as degeneration of neurons resemble those displayed by monkeys and were observed in the spinal cord, medulla oblongata, and pons. Thus, the transgenic mice, ICR-PVRTg21, may become a new animal model in place of monkeys for safety testing of oral poliovirus vaccine preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Molecular analysis of a t(11;22) translocation junction in a case of Ewing's sarcoma.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-directed sequence analysis was performed to characterize the genomic and cDNA breakpoint junctions of t(11;22) (q24;q12) translocation in a case of Ewing's sarcoma, in which the EWS gene located on chromosome 22 is rearranged with the FL11 gene located on chromosome 11. RNA-PCR revealed the novel chimeric product of EWS/FL11 gene on the derivative chromosome (der) 22, resulting from a probable fusion of EWS exon 7 to FL11 exon 9. Sequencing of the PCR-amplified genomic fragments of the fusion genes showed that the breakpoints on der(22) occurred in EWS intron 7 and, most probably, in FL11 intron 8. Those of the untranscribed counterpart on der(11) were located in the same FL11 intron and in EWS exon 11, with deletion of a considerable amount of sequences from both genes. These findings indicate asymmetric junction at the molecular level in the present t(11;22). None of the reported conserved sequences that mediate other cancer chromosome translocations was observed around the genomic junctions. Instead, a palindromic hexamer 5'-GCTAGC-3' was found to flank the breakpoints of both genes on der(22), which may have a functional significance in the genesis of the t(11;22).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Curative resection of gastric cancer: limitation of peritoneal lavage cytology in predicting the outcome.

Patients with stage T3N0-2M0 gastric carcinoma (n = 108) were studied for relevant prognostic factors. Peritoneal lavage cytology (PLC) was performed in all. In univariate analysis, 5-year survival rates were better with smaller serosal invasion (diameter < 3.0 cm vs. > or = 3.0 cm, 61% vs. 37%, P < 0.05) and fewer metastatic nodes (< or = 5 vs. > or = 6, 57% vs. 29%, P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only these two factors were significant. The predictive value of PLC was not shown in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Peritoneal recurrence occurred in 14 (22%) of 77 patients with negative PLC, and in 3 (18%) of 17 with positive PLC, the difference being not significant. Our results indicate that PLC is insensitive in predicting the development of peritoneal recurrence. Its role in the estimation of survival is limited, as many will die of visceral or locoregional recurrence if not of peritoneal dissemination.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Overexpression of P-glycoprotein in untreated AFP-producing gastric carcinoma.

P-glycoprotein (P-gly), which is responsible for the phenotypic expression of multidrug resistance in cancerous tissue was stained immunohistochemically in previously untreated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing (n = 20) and nonproducing gastric cancers (n = 20). P-gly, AFP, and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) were stained in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections immunohistochemically using the monoclonal antibody JSB-1, anti-AFP, and anti-CEA, respectively. DNA ploidy pattern was determined by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter (FACS) analyzer. P-gly was significantly overexpressed in AFP producing gastric cancers (60%) than in AFP nonproducing ones (20%) (P < 0.01). When the result of P-gly staining was analyzed among the AFP-positive cases, P-gly positivity did not emerge either as a significant prognostic factor or as a predictor of the metastatic potentiality of the tumor. The intrinsic overexpression of P-gly in AFP producing gastric cancers proves its biological and morphological similarities to hepatocellular carcinoma. The significantly (P < 0.05) higher incidence of P-gly in diploid tumors indicate that expression of this phenotype might be related to the differentiation of the tumor. P-gly was overexpressed in AFP producing gastric carcinoma and the existing drug resistance, frequent recurrence, and poor prognosis might be explained by presence of P-gly in this carcinoma.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1995

Surgical treatment of extra-abdominal desmoid tumours (aggressive fibromatoses).

Extra-abdominal desmoid tumours (EADT) are benign lesions but difficult to cure because of their infiltrative nature and tendency to recur. Among many treatments recommended in the past, wide excision has been successful, even in difficult cases. We have analyzed retrospectively 41 cases of histologically confirmed EADTs. A total of 98 operations were performed on these patients: 29 wide excisions on 22 patients, 52 intra-lesional excisions with wide margins on 16 patients, and 17 incomplete excisions on 3 patients. One patient, with intra-pelvic lesions, died of a massive haemorrhage 3 days after surgery. Forty patients were followed from between 3 and 29 years. One, who had a multicentric EADT for 21 years, died from the disease. The significant factors concerning local recurrence after wide procedures were an unsatisfactory initial wide local excision, disease affecting 4 or more muscles and the invasive nature of the recurrences. We recommend wide local excision of these tumours in all anatomical areas that allow this procedure. When major nerves and vessels are involved, we recommend an intralesional excision with wide margins in order to preserve limb function. Radiation therapy should be confined to cases in which wide local procedures are not feasible. Overall, 37 of our patients (90%) were cured of the disease, 2 had their disease controlled, and 2 died.

Adolescent↗