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Biomedical subjects

R White

Publications and source records attributed to R White.

820 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
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Effects of phagocytosis of mineral dusts on elastase secretion by alveolar and peritoneal exudative macrophages.

Peritoneal exudative and alveolar macrophages secrete a nonlysosomal neutral protease which hydrolyses particulate elastin suspended in agar. A variety of particles were administered to macrophages in culture to determine their effect on the secretion of this elastase. Among the particles were silica, two types of asbestos, and kaolinite--all minerals implicated in the production of lung diseases accompanied by reorganization of connective tissue. Peritoneal exudative macrophages increased their secretion of elastase in response to phagocytosis of all the pathogenic particles examined. The increase, however, was not as great as that observed with latex beads, the most inert particles. Although these same particle types were phagocytized by cultured alveolar macrophages, none of them augmented the elastase secretion of alveolar macrophages above the resting level, and many decreased it. The lessened stimulation of elastase secretion by peritoneal macrophages and the decrease in the resting level of elastase secretion of alveolar macrophages probably reflect the cytotoxicity of the particles.

Animals↗
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Education, Nursing↗
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Clubfoot: nature and treatment.

1. Clubfoot is a relatively common abnormality that occurs in 1 per 1,000 live births. Untreated, clubfoot precludes normal gait because the patient is forced to walk on the lateral side of the forefoot. 2. Treatment of clubfoot should begin at birth to avoid a fixed and disabling deformity. Early treatment routinely involves serial manipulation, followed by adhesive strapping or casting of the manipulated foot to hold the correction. Although less than half of congenital clubfoot cases treated from birth will respond to serial manipulation and casting, it is generally the first choice of treatment. 3. If serial manipulation and adhesive strapping or casting do not correct the deformity, then surgery, one small part in the ongoing treatment, is necessary. With adequate preparation and planning, maximum benefit can be obtained from the surgical experience.

Casts, Surgical↗
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Duration of immobilization after percutaneous sliding heel-cord lengthening.

Heel-cord lengthening is commonly performed for contractures in neuromuscular disease. Immobilization after this procedure has ranged from 3 to 8 weeks. A three-part study was performed to determine adequate length of immobilization. Sixteen rabbits had surgical transection of the right gastrocsoleus tendon in phase 1. Healing was allowed for 1, 3, 5, or 7 weeks. Tendons were then studied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), mechanical testing, or histologic section. A marker for healing was determined by MRI. Seven children underwent percutaneous sliding heel-cord lengthening (PSHCL) in phase 2. Healing was studied by MRI. Based on the marker from phase 1, adequate healing occurred at 3 weeks. Thirty-one children underwent PSHCL for neuromuscular contracture in phase 3. Cast immobilization was maintained for 3 weeks (group 1) and for >3 weeks (group 2). There was no evidence of rupture or progressive lengthening after cast removal in either group.

Achilles Tendon↗