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Biomedical subjects

R Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to R Vogel.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Slow-release artificial tear inserts in the treatment of dry eyes resulting from the oculomucocutaneous syndrome.

Patients with dry eyes resulting from the practolol syndrome present a therapeutic challenge. Very frequent instillation of preservative-free drops are the only therapy in most cases. Using an entirely new agent--a hydrophilic polymer in insert form--we have provided in this open study an alternative therapy which shows some subjective and objective advantages. Few patients experienced problems, and none left the study because of failure of retention of the insert. Some patients preferred the cooling, soothing effects of frequent drops. The problems in mounting a clinical trial of this sort are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[After care behavior of first-admission psychiatric patients during the year after their discharge].

228 patients who had been admitted for the first time to a psychiatric hospital were questioned one year after their discharge in respect of the use they made of the medical and non-medical facilities or institutions. The article describes the actual state of affairs in the after-care behaviour of the psychiatric patients, and goes into details with regard to the diagnosis-specific differences in their behaviour. It is especially in this group of patients that a great demand exists with regard to treatment facilities. 90% of the patients have some kind of contact with our health system, and almost 3/4 have undergone treatment for mental disturbances. The main burden of medical outpatient follow-up of psychiatric patients continues to rest with the family physicians. This is equally true for almost all groups of diagnosed diseases. The patients with schizophrenic psychoses represent the only difference, since they will tend to preferably look up a neurologist for the treatment of their mental complaints.

Affective Disorders, Psychotic↗
PubMed1983

Clinical and virological observations in childhood Hodgkin's disease in Israel.

Antibody levels to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) were determined in children with Hodgkin's disease (HD) before therapy, as well as in healthy, age-matched controls. Included were 21 Israeli-born children, aged 2.5 to 14.5 years: 13 Jews whose parents were of African-Asian origin, 1 Jew whose parents were of European origin, and 7 Arabs. Most of them were from large families (average 5.5 children per family) and low socioeconomic class. Antibody levels were not statistically different between patient and control groups with respect to CMV, HSV and VZV. Geometric mean titer of antibody to EBV viral capsid antigen in HD patients was 100.0 compared with 10.8 in controls. Thirty-three percent of controls were seronegative to EBV, and none had titers greater than or equal to 1:160. All patients but one were seropositive to EBV, and 8 of 20 had titers greater than or equal to 1:160. Among patients, 13 experienced onset of symptoms in the cold season (October to March) and 8 in the hot season (April to September). Onset during the cold season was usually abrupt with acute symptoms, Stage III to IV, involving the mediastinum and neck. Onset during the hot season was insidious, Stage I to II, with the affected area frequently located below the diaphragm. It is suggested that children of Arab and African-Asian Jewish origin with high serum titers to EBV are at increased risk for HD and for seasonal onset-associated clinical presentation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Penetration of intravenously administered cefoxitin into the aqueous humor of inflamed human eyes.

Intravenous injections of cefoxitin (2-g doses for adults and 40 mg/kg of body weight doses for children) were administered 90 minutes to two hours before surgery. All nine eyes had anterior segment inflammation. Samples of aqueous humor removed during surgery showed a mean cefoxitin concentration of 6.22 micrograms/ml, almost three times the concentration reported in uninflamed eyes. The greater penetration may have been the result of a breakdown in the blood-aqueous barrier. There were no complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Juvenile and adult types of chronic granulocytic leukemia of childhood: growth patterns and characteristics of granulocyte-macrophage colony forming cells.

Peripheral blood and bone marrow cells from three children with the juvenile (Ph1 negative) type of chronic granulocytic leukemia and from one with the adult (Ph1 positive) type were cultured in soft agar, and their specific growth patterns were evaluated. Greatly increased numbers of colonies were obtained in all cases, particularly from peripheral blood cells. By morphologic, cytochemical and ultrastructural criteria, colonies from one juvenile type and from the single adult type patients were found to be almost exclusively granulocytic, whereas in the other two juvenile type leukemia patients colonies were either granulocytic or macrophage. Moreover, both growth patterns were obtained in the same patients on different occasions. It appears that the leukemic cell populations of the juvenile and the adult forms of chronic granulocytic leukemia do not arise from different cell lines. Rather, both are the progeny of the common monocyte-granulocyte progenitor cell, whose abnormal proliferation and differentiation along either the granulocytic or the monocytic pathway is probably directed by fluctuations in humoral and/or microenvironmental factors.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1981

Heterogeneity of cancer cells from a single human colon carcinoma.

The human colon carcinoma cell line DLD-1, established from tumor tissue obtained from a 45 year old white man with an adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon, was studied from the perspective of tumor heterogeneity. The karyotype and morphology of cells from an early passage DLD-1 culture, as well as the histologic features of both the original tumor and neoplasms produced by inoculation of athymic nude mice with DLD-1 cells, indicated that both the DLD-1 cell line and the original tumor were heterogeneous. Two clones were isolated from the DLD-1 line; they differed in their morphology, karyotype, and cloning efficiency in soft agar. Furthermore, when cells from each clone were injected into athymic mice, histologically distinct tumors were produced. Various analyses showed that the two cloned lines were representative of the two subpopulations predominantly responsible for the heterogeneity of the original neoplasm. In vitro drug screening results demonstrated that the two cloned lines have differential sensitivities to chemotherapeutic agents. The parent DLD-1 human colon carcinoma cell line and its two cloned subpopulations provide material for the study of various aspects and implications of human cancer cell heterogeneity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Effect of platelet suppressant treatment with dipyridamole and aspirin on exercise performance and platelet survival time in coronary disease.

Platelets may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), and platelet reactivity may be activated by exercise. Fourteen men with CAD participated in a double-blind, crossover study of aspirin (ASA), dipyridamole (DPY), ASA-DPY, and placebo. The ASA therapy increased platelet survival time (autologous labelling with 51Cr), but had no effect on either the duration of angina-limited treadmill exercise or the heart rate-systolic blood pressure product (x 10(-2)) at peak exercise. The combination DPY-ASA had a greater effect on platelet survival, but did not substantially increase the duration of exercise. Administration of DPY alone at a higher dosage increased the exercise duration and had a similar effect on platelet survival. At the time that control exercise was completed with the higher dosage of DPY, the rate-pressure product was decreased. The results suggest that DPY and ASA favorably alter the platelet survival in men with CAD, and that DPY, but not ASA, favorably alters exercise performance. Although ASA and ASA-DPY may alter platelet response to exercise, the effect is not shown in hemodynamic measurements during exercise. In higher dosages, DPY may be an effective coronary vasodilator for men with CAD.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1979

Effect of exercise on left ventricular ejection fraction in men with coronary artery disease.

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured at rest and during supine bicycle exercise in 31 men with arteriographically defined coronary disease and in 15 normal men. LVEF was calculated from a left ventricular time vs activity curve (collimated scintillation probe, 99m Technetium) as the fracitonal fall in count-rate divided by the background-corrected left ventricular end-diastolic count-rate. In normal men LVEF at rest averaged .59 +/- .06 (+/-SD) and during exercise was .72 +/- .08. LVEF did not increase with exercise in men with coronary disease (.55 +/- .03 to .57 +/- .03; N = 31; AVE +/-SEM; NS). In 17 men with coronary disease who had ST segment depression with exercise, LVEF either decreased or was unaltered in all (55 +/- .04 to .49 +/- .03; P less than 0.05); whereas in 14 without ST depression, LVEF increased in 10 (71 per cent) and was unaltered in 4 (29 per cent) (.54 +/- .04 to .66 +/- .04; P less than 0.01). Results suggest that LVEF during exercise normally increases, but in men with coronary disease LVEF either fails to increase or actually decreases. In addition there appears to be a relationship between ST segment changes during exercise and ejection fraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Platelet survival time and thromboembolism in patients with mitral valve prolapse.

Thromboembolism (TE) occurs in about 20% of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease, and platelet survival time in these patients has correlated with TE. In patients with mitral valve prolapse, TE appears to occur very infrequently. Platelet survival (autologous labeling with chromium-51) was performed in 26 patients with mitral prolapse. Five patients had a history of stroke, as well as normal cerebrovascular arteriography and shortened platelet survival (average half-time +/- SEM 2.3 +/- 0.18 days; normal half-time 3.7 +/- 0.03 days; n = 26; p less than 0.01). Platelet survival was shortened in seven of 21 patients without TE (33%) (3.3 +/- 0.06 days; p less than 0.01 vs patients with TE). In 138 patients with rheumatic heart disease, platelet survival was shortened in 40 of 41 (98%) with a history of TE (2.3 +/- 0.08 days) and in 76 of 97 (78%) without TE (2.9 +/- 0.07 days; p less than 0.001 vs patients with TE). In patients with mitral prolapse, sulfinpyrazone increased platelet survival (2.4 +/- 0.16 to 2.7 +/- 0.19 days; n = 7; p less than 0.05). Our results suggest that platelet survival time is shortened in patients with mitral prolapse and rheumatic heart disease who have had TE. Of those without TE there is an increased frequency of shortened platelet survival in patients with rheumatic heart disease (78%) compared with those with mitral prolapse (33%), consistent with the infrequency of TE in mitral prolapse.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Platelet suppressant therapy in patients with prosthetic cardiac valves. Relationship of clinical effectiveness to alteration of platelet survival time.

Platelet survival time (SURV) has correlated with thromboembolism in patients with prosthetic cardiac valves. Sulfinpyrazone increases SURV. SURV (autologous labeling with 51Chromium) was measured in 126 patients who had aortic or mitral valve replacement. These patients were followed prospectively. Ninety-four with shortened SURV received sulfinpyrazone; 32 with normal SURV were not treated with platelet suppressants. Eighty-seven patients were anticoagulated with warfarin--67 with shortened SURV and 20 with normal SURV. Eleven patients have had thromboembolism, and all had shortened SURV (2.4 +/- 0.08 days; average half-time +/- SEM; normal 3.7 +/- 0.03 days; n = 26) none had an increase of SURV with sulfinpyrazone (2.3 +/- 0.09 days). Of 83 patients with shortened SURV who did not have embolism, sulfinpyrazone increased SURV in 59 (71%) 2.6 +/- 0.05 to 2.9 +/- 0.06 days). Of 35 patients with shortened SURV who failed to increase SURV with sulfinpyrazone, 11 (31%) had embolism; none of 59 (0%) with an increase of SURV with sulfinpyrazone had thromboembolism. These results suggest that patients with thromboembolism after prosthetic cardiac valve replacement have shortened SURV and that patients treated with slufinpyrazone who have thromboembolism do not have an increased SURV.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1978

Platelet-suppressant therapy in patients with coronary artery disease.

Platelets may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and to the complications of coronary atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and sudden cardiac death. In addition, platelets may contribute to saphenous vein aortocoronary graft occlusion. Of 104 men with coronary artery disease, platelet survival (SURV) (chromium51 labeling) was shortened in 68% (3.1+/-0.03 days [average+/-SEM]; normal, 3.7+/-0.03 days; P greater than .001). Three platelet-suppressant drugs, sulfinpyrazone, clofibrate, and dipyridamole increased SURV. Saphenous vein graft occlusion was associated with shortened SURV. Of 36 men with occlusion of at least one graft, SURV was shortened in 35 (2.5+/-0.08 days), whereas in 19 with all grafts open, SURV was shortened in six (3.5+/-0.10 days; P less than .01). These drugs increased SURV (2.3 +/- 0.08 to 2.7 +/- 0.11 days; P less than 0.1) and were associated with improved graft patency (four of 32 grafts after initial bypass vs 30 of 34 grafts open after second operation).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Abnormal platelet survival time in men with myocardial infarction and normal coronary arteriogram.

Platelet survival time was measured in eight men who had an acute transmural myocardial infarction and were subsequently found to have a normal coronary arteriogram. Platelet survival (chromium-51 labeling) was shortened in all men (2.4 +/- 0.11 days; average half-time +/- standard error of the mean) and different from that in eight age-matched normal men (3.7 +/- 0.08 days) (P less than 0.001). Three patients had recurrent venous thromboembolism and one had had iliofemoral arterial thromboembolism. Platelet survival was shortened (2.9 +/- 0.12 days) in 11 of 16 age-matched men with transmural infarction who had arteriographic evidence of coronary obstructive disease. These results suggest that platelet survival time is shortened in patients with infarction who subsequently are shown to have a normal coronary arteriogram and that arterial thrombosis may be responsible for the infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of eight fluorochrome combinations for simultaneous DNA-protein flow analyses.

Eight fluorescent dye combinations for simultaneous DNA-protein staining have been evaluated spectroscopically and flow microfluorometrically: propidium iodide (PI) with fluoresceinisothiocyanate (FITC), fluorescamine (FC), and dansylchloride (DANS); diamidinophenylindole (DAPII) with sulphorhodamin (SR101), tetramethylrhodamin isothiocyanate (TRITC), and nitrobenzodiazole (NBD); acriflavine (AF) with stilbene isothiocyanate sulphonic acid (SITS), and DAPI. Three different experimental tumor cell lines have been employed in the investigations. Simultaneous DNA-protein analyses have been carried out with the newly developed HEIFAS instrument. Spectroscopically two groups of dyes were distinguishable according to their excitation maximum below 400 nm and above 450 nm respectively. DANS and NBD were found to be unsatisfactory with respect to their protein distributions obtained by flow analysis. The remaining stains involved in the dye combination revealed comparable flow distributions of the cellular DNA and protein content. With respect to preparation time and number of centrifugal steps involved in the staining protocols, and in connection with the stability of the dye used, the DAPI-SR101 method proved to be fastest and easiest. With this combination DNA and protein flow analysis can be performed simultaneously within 30 min.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Heterogeneity of tumor cells from a single mouse mammary tumor.

By the use of a variety of cell culture and separation methods, four cell lines were isolated from a single autochthonous BALB/cfC3H mammary tumor. These lines differ markedly from each other in culture morphology, various in vitro growth properties, expression of murine mammary tumor virus antigen, and karyotype, yet all four lines are tumorigenic in normal, syngeneic hosts, yielding tumors of generally similar histology, although distinct from the original neoplasm. Three of the four lines have been cloned from soft agar. The clones exhibit the same growth properties as the lines from which they were derived. Karyotypic analysis of the parent tumor revealed the presence of cells with heterogeneous numbers of chromosomes similar to those seen in the isolated lines, suggesting both the presence of these distinct cell types in the original neoplasm and a genetic origin of the diversity.

Adenocarcinoma↗