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Biomedical subjects

R V Katz

Publications and source records attributed to R V Katz.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral soft tissue manifestations in HIV-positive vs. HIV-negative children from an inner city population: a two-year observational study.

PURPOSE: Data accrued after two years of longitudinal observation of oral soft tissue lesions in a cohort of HIV-infected children and comparisons to a group of uninfected controls is presented. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred and four HIV-positive subjects were enrolled from an inner city pediatric HIV clinic and HIV-negative household peers served as control. Oral exams were performed at six-month intervals while laboratory data of interest were obtained from the children's medical records. RESULTS: HIV-positive children had significantly more oral soft tissue lesions than their HIV-negative peers. In particular, the prevalence of candidiasis, linear gingival erythema and median rhomboid glossitis were high. However, oral lesions were not good predictors of mortality and only candidiasis was associated with a low CD4 count. CONCLUSIONS: Oral soft tissue lesions were common among HIV-positive children. While candidiasis was correlated with advanced disease, oral lesions were not good predictors of mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A comparison of periodontal disease in HIV-infected children and household peers: a two year report.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence and progression of periodontal disease in HIV-infected children to HIV-negative household peers. This paper reports the findings after two years. METHODS: Children diagnosed as HIV-infected and their household peers were recruited from the Children's Hospital AIDS Program in Newark NJ. A periodontal examination was performed at baseline and at six-month intervals for two years. A total of 121 subjects were examined two years after baseline (68 HIV-infected and 53 controls). These children ranged in age from 2-15 years at baseline. RESULTS: Plaque assessment (PHP-M) in HIV-infected cases showed a seven-fold increase over controls for the period. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in changes over the two years for Bleeding on Probing, Gingival Index or Pocket Depths. There was virtually no recession or pathologic mobility in either group. One-fourth of the HIV-infected group exhibited Linear Gingival Erythema at both baseline and year two. Although the number of subjects with LGE did not increase, there was an increase in the severity of LGE at year 2. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that in a medically well-controlled HIV-infected population, with the exception of the prevalence of Linear Gingival Erythema, the periodontal findings are similar to their HIV-negative household peers and to the general pediatric population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Combined use of intersubject and intrasubject controls to distinguish treatment versus patient effect in retrospective studies.

Clinical researchers seek to eliminate specific subject attributes from becoming confounding variables to distinguish a treatment effect from an underlying patient effect. In prospective studies, the random assignment of subjects into experimental groups results in the equal distribution of subject attributes, thereby eliminating them as confounding variables. Retrospective study designs, often used in prosthodontics research, preclude the random assignment of subjects. This article describes the application of a standard research design that combines the use of intersubject and intrasubject controls to compensate for the potential imbalance in subject attributes in retrospective clinical studies. This approach should help prevent clinical investigators from declaring differences between experimental groups when, in fact, no differences exist.

Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic issues.

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Diagnosis, Differential↗