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Biomedical subjects

R Umeda

Publications and source records attributed to R Umeda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Metabolism of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids in HepG2 cells and rat hepatocytes.

The metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was examined in HepG2 cells, a human hepatoma cell line, and rat hepatocytes. The AA level in HepG2 cells was lower than in rat hepatocytes and incorporation of AA into HepG2 was also smaller than into rat hepatocytes. Both cells could not increase the level of cellular DHA by the addition of exogenous 22:5 (n-3); whereas, rat hepatocytes, but not HepG2 cells, increased the levels of AA from 20:3 (n-6) and EPA from 20:4 (n-3). In both cells, retroconversion of AA to 20:3 (n-6) occurred, but EPA was not retroconverted to 20:4 (n-3). These results suggested that the levels of AA and DHA in both types of cells, were regulated more severely than EPA and that the activity of fatty acid desaturation might be different between n-6 and n-3 families.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effects of sesamin and curcumin on delta 5-desaturation and chain elongation of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in primary cultured rat hepatocytes.

Effects of sesamin and curcumin on delta 5-desaturation and chain elongation of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) were studied in rat primary cultured hepatocytes. When sesamin was added to culture medium containing 20:4 (n-3), rat hepatocytes after 24 h of incubation produced 20:5 (n-3) from 20:4 (n-3), whereas when incubated with 20:3 (n-6), the metabolite by delta 5-desaturation did not accumulate, and consequently, the ratio of 20:3 (n-6)/20:4 (n-6) increased with the amount of sesamin added. Curcumin was more effective than sesamin in this respect. Both sesamin and curcumin interfered with chain elongation of PUFAs. An addition of 18:3 (n-6) or 18:4 (n-3) increased the cellular concentrations of 20:3 (n-6) or 20:4 (n-3), respectively, but the simultaneous addition of sesamin or curcumin inhibited the chain elongation of C18 acids (the fatty acids with 18 carbons) into corresponding C20 and C18 acids. Similarly, the elongation from C20 of n-3 and n-6 families to C22 was also inhibited with sesamin and curcumin. These results suggested that: 1) sesamin and curcumin inhibited delta 5-desaturation of n-6 fatty acid, but not n-3 fatty acid in rat hepatocytes; 2) curcumin was more effective than sesamin; 3) chain elongation was also inhibited by sesamin and curcumin.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Association of Epstein-Barr virus with polymorphic reticulosis.

We report a case of polymorphic reticulosis (PR) associated with pharyngeal replication of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). A 78-year-old man with necrotic inflammatory granulations in the nasal cavities and ulcerative tissue of the tonsils was found to have PR after an initial diagnosis of lethal midline granuloma and was found to have high antibody titers to EBV. EBV-determined nuclear antigen (EBNA) was demonstrated in pharyngeal biopsy specimens by the anti-complement immunofluorescent technique, following which dual immunofluorescence staining, EBNA and T-cell antigen analysis were performed, using a wide variety of monoclonal antibodies. All of the EBNA-positive lymphocytes in the pharyngeal biopsy specimens were found to have exclusively T-cell antigens. This case strongly suggests that some of the cases of PR related to T-cell lymphomas may be closely associated with active EBV infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Epstein-Barr virus infection of epithelial cells derived from primary cultures of adenoidal tissue.

Epithelial cells derived from primary cultures of adenoidal tissue were exposed to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) from the throat washings of a patient with infectious mononucleosis (IM) and P3HR-1 and B95-8 cell strains. They were then examined for EBV-specific antigens by immunofluorescence. EBV from both the P3HR-1 cell strains and the throat washings of the IM patient infected the epithelial cells at the 6th and 9th days, respectively. Although the EBV-antigen-positive cells did not increase in number and disappeared at the 12th day after infection, EBV antigens of the virus's replication cycle could still be detected in the epithelial cells shed from cell culture layer at this time. However, the virus obtained from the cell-free 12th day's culture medium was incapable of transforming cord blood lymphocytes.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1990

Inhibitory effects of kampo medicine on Epstein-Barr virus antigen induction by tumor promoter.

We have investigated the possible interaction of Japanese Kampo medicine; Shosaiko-to with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induction by TPA (12-O-tetra-decanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate) in EBV-genome harboring cells. The effect of ether extract of Shosaiko-to was also studied on the induction of EBV by superinfection with EBV from P3HR-1 cells (P3H-EBV). Concomitant treatment of EBV-latently-infected cells (Raji and A2L/AH) with TPA and ether extract resulted in effective inhibition of EBV-antigen induction. However, in the experiments to test the influence of ether extract on EBV induction by superinfecting Raji cells with P3H-EBV, ether extract did not affect the percentage of EBV-antigen-positive cells. These data indicate that Shosaiko-to is effective to inhibit antigen synthesis induced by chemical promoters without affecting EBV-antigen induction after superinfection.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1990

Osteomyelitis of temporal bone associated with tonsillar focal infection.

We report here on two cases wherein it is conceivable that the osteomyelitis of the temporal bone was brought on by secondary complications associated with tonsillar focal infection. The main change to the bone was non-specific osteomyelitis. Cryptitis of the tonsils or fibrosis surrounding the blood vessels (onion skin lesion) was characteristic findings in the pathological studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fibrous histiocytoma of the tongue base.

Fibrous histiocytomas usually occur in the dermis and superficial subcutis. Involvement of the tongue is extremely rare. A 51-year-old female, referred to us for a sore throat, was noted on intraoral examination to have a polypoid mass with a smooth mucosal surface on the base of the tongue. This lesion was excised because of its probable continuing growth. This tumor, which showed staining for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, was pathohistologically diagnosed as fibrous histiocytoma. This was the second documented case of fibrous histiocytoma of the tongue.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Interactions between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cell lines: growth and EBV induction.

Differences in in vitro growth characteristics between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-negative and genome-positive lymphoblastoid cell lines and between EBV genome-negative and genome-positive epithelial cell lines were investigated. All EBV genome-positive cells were able to grow in medium containing only 0.75% fetal calf serum (FCS), whereas no EBV genome-negative cells were able to grow at this low concentration. However, there was no clear difference between the growth of the two EBV genome-negative lymphoblastoid cell lines (BJAB and Ramos) and two EBV genome-positive BJAB and Ramos sublines (BJAB/B95-8 and Ramos/B95-8) in medium containing more than 2.5% FCS. On the other hand, an EBV genome-positive clone of A2L/AH epithelial hybrid cells (cl-1) grew in both concentrations of FCS better than an EBV genome-negative clone of A2L/AH cells (cl-654). In addition, there was a difference in EBV induction between EBV genome-positive lymphoblastoid (BJAB/B95-8 and Ramos/B95-8) and epithelial (cl-1) cells after treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Treatment of BJAB/B95-8 and Ramos/B95-8 cells with TPA induced a low percentage of EBV-induced early antigen but not viral capsid antigen, whereas treatment of cl-1 cells with TPA induced both early antigen and viral capsid antigen.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1990

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) receptors on epithelial hybrid cells derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

We previously established an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-positive epithelial hybrid cell line, designated NPC-KT, which was prepared by fusing primary epithelial cells derived from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with an epithelial Ad-AH cell line. In this study, we measured the presence of the EBV receptors using radiolabelled EBV. It was determined that similar amounts of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)-derived P3HR-1 or NPC-KT-derived EBV can attach BL-derived Raji cells, but that only P3HR-1 virus can attach to NPC-KT cells. In addition, the superinfection of NPC-KT cells with P3HR-1 virus could not be inhibited by pretreatment with a monoclonal antibody against C3d (OKB7). Raji cells adsorbed with OKB7 became much less susceptible to superinfection with P3HR-1 or NPC virus. The data suggest that EBV receptors unrelated to C3d receptor exist.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1990

Plunging ranula localized in the parapharyngeal space.

Plunging ranulas are a mucous extravasation and usually originate from the sublingual gland. They dissect between the facial planes and muscle of the base of the tongue to the submandibular triangle. We report here a rare case of plunging ranula localized in the parapharyngeal space. The relevant anatomy is reviewed and discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Osseous hemangioma arising in the facial bone.

Hemangiomas of bone are rare tumors in the facial region. In our own case, magnetic resonance imaging showed unique linear high-signal-intensity internal components in T1-weighted images. The histological study demonstrated that adipose tissue occurring in the stroma of the tumor caused the high signal intensity in T1-weighted images. We employed a vascularized calvarial bone flap to reconstruct the malar eminence after resection of the tumor.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of turnover of olfactory epithelium in mice by using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody].

Among nerve cells of vertebrates, the olfactory elements are uncommon in their capacity to turnover and to be replaced after injury. An autoradiographical and morphological observation has shown that degenerated olfactory nerve cells are reconstituted by a new population of neurons which originate from basal cells. However, an autoradiographic method requires a special isotope institute and it takes a long time for the final specimen to observe. Recently, a rapid technique without the radioisotope has been alternatively developed in which a thymidine analogue, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), is incorporated into replicating DNA and subsequently localized using a specific monoclonal antibody. In the present study, cell dynamics of olfactory mucosa in mice were investigated by means of immunohistological technique. The results were as follows. 1. The labelled elements were concentrated at the basal layer of the epithelium, which were observed 5 hrs after the first injection of BrdU. 2. At 15 days after administration of BrdU, the labelled elements were located in the mid-layer of the epithelium, where can be recognized as the compartment of nerve cells. 3. After 30 days, the labelled cells disappeared from the epithelium. It indicates that the period of turnover in the olfactory epithelium of mice is within 30 days. 4. Fifteen days after axotomy of the olfactory nerves, two stained patterns which were numerously or sparsely labelled regions were observed. The former is considered that immature neurons predominantly exist, and the latter is the area which mature neurons abundantly locate. It is considered that this immunohistological approach is useful for the observation of the turnover of the olfactory epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hamartoma of the tongue.

Hamartomas of the tongue are rare. A case of a 6-year-old girl with hamartoma at the base of the tongue is reported. The diagnosis was confirmed by a histopathologic examination of the mass after removal in a wedge fashion by the CO2 laser under general anesthesia. The literature is reviewed and discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Parapharyngeal schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain in a child.

Parapharyngeal schwannomas of the cervical sympathetic chain are benign tumors that have not been reported in children, compared to parapharyngeal neuroblastomas. We present, to our knowledge, the youngest reported case of parapharyngeal schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain. The nerve of origin could be clearly ascertained when excision was made through a cervical approach.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

Electro-olfactogram (EOG) in olfactometry.

The electro-olfactogram (EOG) is a potential originated in olfactory epithelium evoked by odorous stimulation, which has been demonstrated and termed by Ottoson (1959). In order to ascertain the clinical application of EOG, we attempted to record similar potentials in human subjects. In some preliminary experiments using rabbits, it was quite easy to produce Ottoson's findings. In human subjects, however, there were sometimes great technical difficulties owing to the hidden anatomical position of the olfactory epithelium. Then we utilized Olympus selfoscope endoscopy for placing and retaining the electrode to the olfactory portion precisely and safely, with a tube for sending airborne odor. As results, we succeeded in recording negative spike discharge similar to Ottoson's findings. We examined a total of 27 nasal cavities in 22 patients with peripheral olfactory disorders and 11 nasal cavities in 12 patients with central olfactory disorders. The positive EOG rate in patients with peripheral or central olfactory disorders was 28 and 69%, respectively. Moreover, the positive rate was decreased in proportion to the degree of olfactory disorders in chronic rhinosinusitis. No positive EOG was observed in anosmic nasal cavities, while it was 68% in normal persons and resulted in an equal value to anosmia group caused by the damage of central olfactory pathway. From these results, it is considered that the positive EOG study is the only method which provides objective finding for the differential diagnosis of anosmia caused by disorders of olfactory epithelium or disorders of central olfactory tract.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1989

Ranula and sarcoid granuloma of a sublingual gland.

A case is reported in which the treatment of the ranula consisted of dissection of the cystic wall along with excision of the sublingual gland of origin. The histological picture of the gland was consistent with sarcoidosis. Thereafter, all other examinations were negative for sarcoidosis. However, there remains the possibility that the lesion may be the precursor of widespread sarcoidosis which might occur in the future.

Adult↗