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Biomedical subjects

R Udassin

Publications and source records attributed to R Udassin.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

An experimental model of a submucosally tunnelled valve for the replacement of the ileo-cecal valve.

An enteric valve to prevent colonic content reflux and to prolong small bowel transit time was created by passing small bowel through a submucosal tunnel in the colon. Barium enema, Gl tract series, and iso- and antiperistaltic pressure measurements showed the valve to be of competence equal to the ileo-cecal valve. Late pathological examination revealed a patent valve with minimal scar formation. The optimal submucosal tunnel length was between 4 and 6 cm. This valve can, theoretically, increase the absorptive capacity in short bowel syndrome and may serve as a substitute for the critically important ileo-cecal valve.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effect of salt loading diet on the intraocular pressure.

Salt tablets are habitually ingested by some people while doing physical exercise in hot climate, in order to prevent sodium depletion. The effects of supplementary salt on the intraocular pressure was investigated on 5 healthy acclimatized subjects who rode a bicycle ergometer at temperature of 35 degrees C and relative humidity of 40%. A significant decrease of 1.0 mmHg in their mean intraocular pressure was detected when 10.2 gm NaCl was added daily to the normal diet. The pressure reduction was associated with changes of the body fluid balance.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Pseudo and true Hirschsprung's disease in one family.

A case of a 35-yr-old woman with the characteristics of pseudo-Hirschsprung's disease is presented. The diagnosis was based on the following criteria: a history of chronic constipation since early infancy, a largely distended abdomen and an adynamic distal colon. The patient had a normal anosphincteric relaxation reflex and normal rectal myenteric ganglion cells. Resection of the distended large bowel failed to relieve the symptoms and was followed by distention of the entire small bowel. Complete cure was achieved after a Duhamel procedure. This patient is an adult, unlike the previously reported cases. Of special interest is the occurrence of true Hirschsprung's disease in one of her children.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Elongation of the upper pouch in esophageal atresia.

A female newborn is presented with a Type I esophageal without a tracheoesophageal fistula. The distance between the ends of the esophageal pouches measured about four vertebrae. She was successfully managed by a primary esophagoesophagostomy following elongation of the upper pouch with esophageal bougies.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1981

Way of life as a determinant of physical fitness.

Four hundred and five urbanites and 302 communal agricultural settlement (Kibbutz) members participated in a study which examined their physical fitness. The subjects were divided into three subgroups according to age: 18-21 years, 22-30 years, and 31-40 years. No differences were found among the two populations in all three subgroups as concerns anthropometric data. In the youngest age group no differences in resting heart rate and VO2 max between urbanites and kibbutz dwellers were found. For those aged over 21 years the VO2 max (40.8 +/- 10.0 ml O2/kg body weight/min for those aged 22-30 years and 38.7 +/- 9.7 ml O2/kg body weight/min for those aged 31-40 years) was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than that of the urbanites (35.6 +/- 7.0 for age 22-30 and 33.1 +/- 8.0 ml O2/kg body weight/min for age 31-40 years). The results confirm the notion that physical fitness is a good profile of habitual activity.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1981

The mild form of Hirschsprung's disease (short segment): fourteen-years experience in diagnosis and treatment.

From 1966 through 1980, 39 children were treated with anorectal myectomy for the mild form of Hirschsprung's disease. The mild form of Hirschsprung's disease is differentiated from the severe one mainly on clinical grounds. Of the entire group, only four patients needed a Duhamel procedure, one to three years after myectomy. One patient still uses occasional enema (11 years after operation). The remaining 34 patients are symptom-free (1--14 years after operation). Anorectal myectomy is the treatment of choice in the management of the mild form of Hirschsprung's disease.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1981

The relationship between body temperature and intraocular pressure.

A comparison of the intraocular pressures of well-hydrated nonacclimatized and acclimatized subjects during submaximal work load in a hot environment was made. This comparison attempts to eliminate all possible influences on IOP, except body temperature. A direct relationship between the IOP and rectal temperature is postulated.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1980

Tap water, an efficient method for cooling heatstroke victims--a model in dogs.

Forty experimentally heatstroke dogs were cooled by immersion in water at temperatures varying from 1-25 degrees C. At all water temperatures, cooling occurred at a much slower rate in comatose dogs in conscious ones. Dogs cooled in tap water (15-16 degrees C) had the same cooling rate as those cooled in ice water (1-3 degrees C). At water temperatures above 18 degrees C, cooling rates were considerably decreased. Since tap water cooled as efficiently as ice water, its use may prove the method of choice for human heatstroke victims. Its advantages are ready availability, simplicity of use, and its failure to cause shivering.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine concentrations during acute heat load.

To determine the changes in thyroid hormone metabolism during short periods of exposure to heat, 30 euthyroid healthy male volunteers (aged 23--40 yr) were placed in a climatic chamber for 2 h (35 C, 50% relative humidity). The subjects were at complete rest during the first hour and performed light work (40 watts) during the second hour. Blood samples for T4, T3 and rT3 were drawn at 0, 60, and 120 min. Rectal temperature and heart rate were monitored continuously. No significant changes in T4, T3, rT3, rectal temperature, or heart rate were observed after the first hour (basal levels, 8.5 +/- 0.3 microgram/dl, 160 +/- 5 ng/dl, 14.5 +/- 2.5 ng/dl, 37.2 +/- 0.1 C, and 78 +/- 8 beats/min, respectively; mean +/- SEM). During the second hour, a significant rise in body temperature was recorded (38.5 +/- 0.1 C), accompanied by a significant decrease in mean serum T3 concentration and a rise in mean serum rT3 concentration, T4 concentration remained unchanged. Our findings suggest that, parallel to the elevation in body temperature, there is a shift in the conversion of T4 to the noncalorigenic rT3 metabolite rather than to T3.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1979

Heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients.

Nine young men who had suffered from heatstroke on previous occasions (heat-intolerant subjects) and 10 young volunteers (control subjects) were examined to determine their physiologic responses to exercise in temperate (23 degrees C) and hot environments (40 degrees C). The tests included an orthostatic test, work loads of 40 W and 80 W, and oxygen consumption (Vo2) determination. Although all the control subjects completed the exercise under severe heat load (3 h), none of the heat-intolerant subjects succeeded in completing this test due to high rectal temperatures and high heart rates. Sweat rates were similar in both groups, with Vo2 slightly higher in the control subjects. Orthostatic responses were similar in each group. The results suggest that inefficient thermoregulation, possibly due to decreased heat conductance from core to periphery, contributes to heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Cold-induced profuse sweating on back and chest. A new genetic entity?

Two sisters whose parents shared a grandfather had cold-induced sweating. Since childhood they had sweated profusely from the back and chest when exposed to environmental temperatures of 18 degrees to 7 degrees C. They had additional abnormalities--e.g., high palate and inability fully to extend the elbows--which neither their parents nor their sibs shared. The cold-induced sweating, which could not be stopped by a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, was abolished by postganglionic blockade with atropine sulphate. This indicates the possibility of a peripheral mechanism.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Age and sex difference in response to short exposure to extreme dry heat.

Sixty volunteers, 33 males and 27 females (18-63 yr), were divided according to age and sex. They were exposed for 10 min to extreme dry heat: 80-90 degrees C dry bulb temperature and 3-4% relative humidity. Their rectal temperature, skin temperature at eight different points, weight, and heart rate were recorded prior to and immediately following the exposure. A mean rise of only 0.5 degrees C in rectal temperature was recorded following exposure as compared to a mean rise of 5.2 degrees C in mean weighted skin temperature (MWST). Female subjects showed a significantly higher rise in MWST than the male subjects. Similarly, a significantly higher rise in MWST was observed in elderly male subjects as compared to the youngest male group (P less than 0.05). The differences in MWST possibly resulted from differences in mean skin blood flow causing differences in skin conductance. Large individual variation in heat response was recorded in rectal temperature, as well as in weighted skin temperatures. The increase in skin temperature during the first 10 min of exposure to extreme dry heat may serve as an indicator for heat tolerance time, and may help predicting heatstroke susceptible individuals.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1978

Orthostatic hypotension in amputees and subjects with spinal cord injuries.

Orthostatic examinations were performed with a tilt table on 64 male volunteers, of whom 21 had sustained amputation of one or both lower limbs and 23 were paraplegic due to spinal cord injuries (SCI), with 20 healthy subjects as controls. Following tilting, signs and symptoms of fainting appeared in five of the SCI subjects, four of whom had spinal injuries above the level of D5. These phenomena appeared in only two of the controls and in none of the amputees. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the amputees at rest and standing were higher than those recorded in the other two groups. The mean pulse pressures were lower in the amputees than in the other two groups. The changes in the systolic, diastolic, and pulse pressures were more profound in those subjects with high spinal cord injuries than in subjects with lower cord injuries. ECG changes and fainting were more frequent among the SCI subjects than in the other two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Optimal back-pack load for short distance hiking.

Twenty young men marched 6 and 12 km with a well-fitted back-pack load of 30 or 35 kg. Each subject served as his own control. No significant increase in mean heart rate, rectal temperature, or decrease in mean VO2 max and serum levels of glucose and muscle enzymes were recorded in the groups marching 6 km with 30 and 35 kg. Significant differences in the increases in mean heart rate, the decreases in VO2 max and the changes in blood glucose were noted between the two groups carrying 30 and 35 kg for 12 km. These significant differences were also supported by the subjective feelings of the volunteers. The present study shows the optimal back-pack load for healthy young men, marching at 6 km/hr on a paved level road to be 30 kg for 12 km and 35 kg for 6 km without considering the task too difficult and with no significant decrease in VO2 max. The results are relevant to hiking, rescue assignments, and military missions.

Adolescent↗