Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Touraine

Publications and source records attributed to R Touraine.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Silent lupus nephritis among patients with discoid lupus erythematosus.

A kidney biopsy was performed in 7 hypocomplementemic discoid lupus erythematosus patients despite the absence of overt renal involvement. Five patients had glomerular immune deposits and 2 patients with disseminated discoid lupus erythematosus exhibited definite proliferative glomerulonephritis. Those findings show that silent lupus nephritis may be encountered in discoid as well as in systemic lupus erythematosus, providing additional evidence supporting the unity of the disease. We suggest that hypocomplementemic patients with discoid lupus erythematosus must be carefully screened for renal disease by periodic urinalysis examinations.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1984

[Drug eruptions caused by noncorticoid anti-inflammatory agents].

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAI) may elicit various kinds of cutaneous side effects. The commonest ones are non-specific erythematous eruptions, sometimes with a phototoxic distribution, and urticaria. Vasculitis and severe bullous eruptions (Stevens-Johnson's syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis) are rare but may have severe outcomes. The overall incidence of cutaneous reactions is about the same for all NSAI, 1 to 3 p. 100, during the clinical studies performed before marketing the drug, but this increases afterwards (up to 45 p. 100 for Benoxaprofen). Drugs with long half-lives may carry a higher risk for severe cutaneous reactions. NSAI are now the main cause of drug induced TEN. Urticarial reactions seem related to pharmacological phenomena while the pathogenic events leading to other kinds of skin reactions remain unknown. An hypersensitivity reaction is postulated. The therapeutic value of corticosteroids for the severe cutaneous side effects of drugs is still controversial.

Angioedema↗
PubMed1984

[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Kaposi's disease and cerebral toxoplasmosis in a young man. Review of the literature apropos of a case].

We report a new case of acquired immune-deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in a 43 year-old white homosexual man, characterized by the association of disseminated cutaneo-mucous Kaposi's sarcoma and cerebral toxoplasmosis. This man had Kaposi's sarcoma for about 10 years but evolution became quickly extensive in July 1981. Chlorambucil was prescribed at that time and was the cause of a pancytopenia. Death occurred in July 1982 due to a cerebral mass identified as toxoplasmosis on a left temporal biopsy. This observation is typical of AIDS, a new syndrome which suddenly developed in the last 2 years in the United States in homosexual men, Haitians and hemophiliacs, and is characterized by disseminated Kaposi's sarcoma and/or opportunistic infections, with a very high mortality rate. Severe toxoplasmosis of CNS has been reported in AIDS and appears to result from defects in cellular immunity which permit recrudescence of latent infection. Cerebral biopsy is necessary for the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis as seroconversion occurs infrequently in immuno-suppressed hosts. AIDS appeared in Western Europe in 1982. Most of the cases were reported in France, Denmark, Belgium and Great Britain. These cases differ from reported cases in the USA: fewer drug or poppers users, fewer homosexual men, an important number of people having lived or travelled in the Kaposi's endemic area (Mediterranean basin and Central Africa). The immunological profile of patients presenting AIDS in Europe doesn't seem to differ from the american profile: serious cellular immunodeficiency and marked increase in the suppressor/cytotoxic cell population. As in the United States, one may suspect, among several hypotheses, that it is caused by one or several transmissible agents now present in France. The nature of these agents, transmissible by sexual contacts and blood, is not yet known: the role of the CMV is now less probable and most of the studies look for the role of other factors such as the HTLV.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Primary pulmonary pseudolymphomas and lymphomas. 4 cases].

We report four cases of primary pulmonary pseudolymphoma and lymphoma with the usual features of these disorders: lack of symptoms, radiological opacities sometimes multiple with soft wooly contours and air bronchograms, and slowly evolving pattern. The distinction between pseudolymphoma and lymphoma, prior to histological diagnosis is currently controversial. Immunological studies aim at defining whether the lymphoid proliferation is polyclonal or monoclonal (the benign process being considered polyclonal and the malign monoclonal). This distinction works in some cases, as in one of our cases of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma with a monoclonal IgM gammopathy, a predominance of cells containing IgM on immunofluorescence, and an illness evolving over 9 years. Other cases raise discussion points such as one of our patients with classical histological characteristics of pseudolymphoma, an absence of monoclonal markers on immunofluorescence, but having a monoclonal gammopathy in the serum. This example raises the question as to the possible coexistence of, or a switch over from, a polyclonal to a monoclonal process. In this way the primary pulmonary lymphoproliferative process ought to be considered as one element in a large spectrum ranging from benign to malign disorders and not as distinct illnesses with definitive patterns.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Bronchogenic cysts and their atypical localizations. A case of pleuro-diaphragmatic cyst].

Bronchogenic cysts represent about 10 p. 100 of all surgical tumours of the mediastinum. They can never be diagnosed with absolute certainty prior to the operation, but when they arise in their typical sites, they can be suspected with a high probability. However, they can occur in very atypical sites, in which case the diagnosis remains very hypothetical until the operation. The authors report a case of a cyst which developed under the diaphragmatic pleura, in direct contact with the dome of the diaphragm and attached to the mediastinum by a fine vascular pedicle which inserted in the root of the triangular ligament.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Melanoma and dysplastic nevus after 8 years of topical Caryolysine].

A 48-year-old woman with poikiloderma atrophicans vasculare was treated with topical mechlorethamine, applied three times weekly, for eight years. After five years treatment she developed nine melanocytic naevi on covered skin. The naevi spread for the next three years and a surgical excision was performed. Pathological examination revealed one level II SSM, one level I SSM and seven junctional naevi with focal dysplasia or melanocytic hyperplasia. The development of melanoma and dysplastic naevi after topical mechlorethamine has not been previously reported. However it seems likely that mechlorethamine was the causative agent. As for the mechlorethamine's imputability in this case, we have used a method combining intrinsic identification of adverse drug responsibility's score, based on the clinical case and on extrinsic identification based on literature evaluation. We suggest that mechlorethamine could act as UV light.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1983

[Fibrotic interstitial pneumopathies. Collagenolytic activity of the alveolar fluid].

Collagenolytic enzyme release in alveolar structures is probably one of the initial events leading to impaired balance between collagen synthesis and degradation in the connective matrix of the lung, resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. The collagenolytic activity was determined in the bronchoalveolar fluid of 40 normal subjects or patients with miscellaneous pulmonary diseases and was found to be present in seventeen, viz.: 7/7 patients with interstitial fibrosis, irrespective of its origin: 4/4 patients with radiation pneumonitis; 4/15 patients with sarcoidosis and 2/2 patients with transient eosinophilic pneumopathy. There was no evidence of fibrosis in the 23 patients who showed no collagenolytic activity. Thus, collagenolytic enzymes are present in the alveolar structures of patients with interstitial pulmonary diseases of diverse origin capable of leading to fibrosis. Monitoring the release of this enzyme by bronchoalveolar lavage could be useful to evaluate the risk of fibrosis in such patients.

Collagen↗