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Biomedical subjects

R Schwarz

Publications and source records attributed to R Schwarz.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Individualized surgical therapy of vulvar carcinoma].

In the years 1959 to 1990 111 patients with carcinoma of the vulva had been treated not by radical vulvectomy but by an individualized operation with restricted radicality depending from general condition and extension of the tumor. This local radical wide excision with margins of 3 cm of normal tissue had been completed only in 20 cases by inguino-femoral lymphonodectomy, 5-year survival rate over all is 51 per cent, in cases of T1 70 per cent. It could be demonstrated that local tumour control is possible with preservation of quality of life. Conclusion of this retrospective study is that resignation of lymphonodectomy should no more done nowadays. Replacement by radiation has no benefit.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Post-irradiation soft tissue sarcoma.

From 1975 to 1993, 11 of 375 patients treated for soft tissue sarcoma presented with post-irradiation sarcoma. The mean time interval between irradiation therapy and onset of the second neoplasm was 15.8 years (4-31 years). The total radiation dosage ranged from 12 to 60 Gy with a mean of 40 Gy. All patients had complete staging including CT or MRI of the tumour site, and CT of the lung. Surgical resection was the treatment of choice. Wide margins could be achieved in 10 patients. One had a marginal resection. Tumours included malignant fibrous histiocytoma, haemangiosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, malignant schwannoma, fibrosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma. All patients were reassessed in our outpatient clinic. After a mean follow-up of 4.7 years (1.0-11.5 years), only 1 patient had died because of the tumour. Although post-irradiation sarcomas are rather infrequently observed, these tumours must be suspected when alterations or symptoms occur in a previously irradiated region. Early detection provides the chance of curative, wide margin resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Interstitial high-dose rate brachytherapy with iridium-192 in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Thirty-four patients with recurrent oral and oropharyngeal carcinomas were treated over a period of 4 years, by interstitial high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT) using an iridium-192 source (Gammamed 2i and 12i equipment, Sauerwein, Germany) and fractionated application (1 up to 3 times, weekly recovery phases, single maximum dose 10 Gy). Pretreatment characteristics of patients in terms of irradiation (RT) and surgery differed (22 had external RT alone, with a total dose between 60.0 and 75.6 Gy; RT and surgery: 7; surgery alone: 1). The initial TNM-stages (UICC, Hermanek et al., 1987) of patients were: I = 2, II =3, III = 7, IV = 22. In the majority of cases, clinical indications for HDR-BT included tumour recurrence or progression following external RT, and second primary tumours of the oral cavity. Therapy was successful in most cases, i.e. complete remission: 11, partial remission: 16, no change: 2, progression: 5. Local control and overall survival rates, including patients surgically treated after BT, were at 6 months 58% and 62%, and 44% and 53% at 12 months, respectively. This type of treatment is recommended in patients with local recurrence or second primary tumours after previous external RT in the head and neck region. However, the benefit of interstitial HDR-BT remains questionable, particularly in patients with large tumours and lymph node metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Vascularization of the anal sacs in the domestic cat].

The blood vessels of the anal sac in the domestic cat--A. rectalis caudalis and A. perinealis ventralis, from which the former arises--are visceral blood vessels. A rectalis caudalis, being the origin of anal sac arteries, facilitates the blood supply of the anal sac, while the duct of the anal sac is vascularized mainly by branches from the A. perinealis ventralis. Within the anal sac wall, the anal sac arteries ramify to become Rr. glandulae holocrinae, Rr. glandulae apocrinae as well as branches of a vascular network in the mucosal propria from which Rr. epitheliales arise. All of the mentioned rami extend into a close-meshed capillary network. The venous drainage is facilitated by veins that run mainly parallel to the arterial blood vessels.

Anal Sacs↗
PubMed1995

[Results of neutron therapy in recurrent malignant salivary gland tumors in the head and neck area].

PURPOSE: The records of 33 patients of recurrent salivary gland tumors of the head and neck regions were analysed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 33 patients with recurrent salivary gland tumors were treated with fast neutrons of a 14 MeV DT generator. All patients had been operated several times. 10 patients had been irradiated before with photons or electrons. 24 patients had macroscopic tumor. In many cases advanced tumors were treated. RESULTS: The median follow-up of our patients is 33 months. 6 patients are still alive without disease. 5 patients are alive with local recurrence or tumor progression. The calculated survival rate for all patients is 45% at 5 years. The calculated control rate for all patients is 43% at 5 years. Most of the late side effects according to the RTOG/EORTC-score were moderate. Only in one case severe late side effects could be observed. CONCLUSION: According to the literature advanced recurrences of salivary gland tumors should be treated with fast neutrons.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Intraspinal metastasis of stage I anaplastic Wilms tumor].

PURPOSE: Intraspinal metastasis of Wilms' tumors is a rare event with only 6 cases documented in the literature. PATIENT AND METHODS: We report a case of an intraspinal metastasis by a young child with anaplastic Wilms' tumor (stage I). A 9-year-old girl developed 8 months following nephrectomy and pre-operative chemotherapy strong back pain. Within 2 weeks signs of beginning of spinal cord compression were obtained. The magnetic resonance imaging showed a spinal cord compression with an intraspinal tumor mass Th 8 to 10. RESULTS: The child underwent immediate spinal cord decompression followed by chemotherapy and an additional radiotherapy of the metastatic region up to 30 Gy with most of neurologic recovery within 6 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The case illustrates the importance of rapidly responding neurologic complications in patients with Wilms' tumor, even in stage I.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Chronic hypokalaemia of adults: Gitelman's syndrome is frequent but classical Bartter's syndrome is rare.

We evaluated 27 adult patients with chronic hypokalaemia (K+ = 2.9 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), documented over at least 5 years, in whom the cause of the hypokalaemia had not been clarified in spite of previous testing. In 15 patients it was possible to establish a diagnosis by a thorough outpatient workup (diuretic abuse (n = 5), surreptitious vomiting (n = 8), laxative abuse (n = 1), renal tubular acidosis (n = 1)). Commonly utilized tests such as measurements of plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and urinary potassium concentration proved not to be useful in the differential diagnosis of these patients. In contrast the following were diagnostically important: in surreptitious vomiting the hypochloraemia, the mild renal insufficiency, and the extremely low urinary chloride concentration; in diuretic abuse the high urinary concentration of chloride together with repeatedly positive toxicology screens for diuretics; in laxative abuse the high stool weight and extremely low urinary sodium concentration. In the remaining 12 patients none of these diagnoses applied and further tests for suspected Bartter's syndrome were done in the hospital.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Photo-CD--a new medium in veterinary anatomy].

A method of producing a Photo-CD is described, containing edited digitally stored colour slides. It is possible to present approximately 100 digitized pictures with such a CD which are shown on a colour TV screen sorted in individual or didactic programmed order. Using this method text- and visual information which is coordinated with the contents of lessons and examinations can be offered to the students. Furthermore the CD-media is well suited to transmit advanced and special information offers concerning additional as well as deepening studies.

Anatomy, Veterinary↗
PubMed1994

Morphogenesis of the osteo-architecture in the carnassial region of the feline mandible, as demonstrated by microfocal radiography.

For the first time, osteogenesis was observed using direct magnifying microradiography, a noninvasive technique that has a high power of resolution. Thus, it was possible to correlate different stages of bone maturation in the feline mandible with specific functional demands. Our observations suggest a relationship between osseous structure and the mode of feeding and content of the diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Present results of neutron therapy. The German experience.

Results of fast neutron therapy are reviewed with special reference to the main indications for this type of treatment and the experience of five German centers. Neutron therapy seems beneficial compared to conventional radiotherapy in advanced salivary gland tumors, inoperable or unresectable soft tissue sarcomas, some bone tumors, prostate cancer stage C and some rare low-grade tumors. About 3,000 patients with malignancies have been treated with neutrons at the German centers Berlin/Rossendorf, Essen, Hamburg, Heidelberg and Münster. Treatment results and treatment-related morbidity depend on the treatment techniques and the physical selectivity of the neutron machines. A critical appraisal suggests that fast neutrons are of advantage in about 5% of all radiotherapy patients.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1994

Arrangement of elastic fibres in the integument of domesticated mammals.

The hairy skin of important domesticated mammals (12 species) was studied with scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, laser scanning microscopy, and several light microscopical methods, to obtain more information about three-dimensional elastic fibre arrangement. It was obvious that there is a basic construction scheme of the elastic fibre meshwork as present in the upper and mid-dermis, with special regard to the size, number, and grouping of hair follicles. In the densely-haired species, in particular, a typical elastic mat with horizontal fibres is formed. In many of the sparsely-haired animals, the upper and mid-dermis show a sponge-like elastic system. In the rather massive, collagen-rich skin of large species, the lower two thirds of the dermis without hair follicles only possess a loosely-structured elastic network, but thick elastic sheets are found at the border zone with the hypodermis. Specific features appear with regard to the type of mechanical strain exerted, different body regions, varying hair follicle density, or as connected with the anchoring of the hair follicle complex, blood vessels, and nerves.

Animals↗