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Biomedical subjects

R Schwarz

Publications and source records attributed to R Schwarz.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the bovine corpus luteum of estrous cycle: a quantitative histochemical study.

Genital organs and blood were obtained from dairy cows at a local abattoir. 3 recently ovulated follicles and 20 corpora lutea of estrous cycle (CLC) were used for the quantitative enzyme histochemical demonstration of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-OHSDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity, employing a computerized microscope photometer. Progesterone was determined in blood serum by radioimmunoassay. Luteal tissue was grouped into several stages of development according to micromorphological criteria. Activities per volume unit of 3 beta-OHSDH and SDH in large luteal cells (LLC), as well as in small luteal cells (SLC), and luteal tissue (LT), relative amounts of the 3 beta-OHSDH-positive tissue fraction (PLCC), and progesterone concentrations in blood serum exhibited a significant pattern corresponding to the morphological development of the endocrine gland. G-6-PDH showed an increase in activity per volume unit during tissue development lasting until the beginning of regressive changes, and as significant in LLC and LT. Activities per volume unit of 3 beta-OHSDH (p less than or equal to 0.001) and SDH (p less than or equal to 0.01) were higher in LLC than in SLC, indicating superior steroidogenic capacities, while G-6-PDH activity was distinctly higher in the latter (p less than or equal to 0.001). Almost all parameters tested were correlated positively. 3 beta-OHSDH and SDH exhibited a significantly positive correlation in LLC (p less than or equal to 0.01) and LT (p less than or equal to 0.001) during periods of measureable progesterone secretion. In SLC this correlation was nonsignificant (p greater than 0.05). G-6-PDH showed a relative poor correlation to 3 beta-OHSDH (LLC, p less than or equal to 0.05; LT, p less than or equal to 0.01) and SDH (LT, p less than or equal to 0.05). Enzyme activities in LLC as well as in SLC were generally positively correlated (p less than or equal to 0.001). All enzymes tested exhibited a significantly positive correlation with progesterone concentrations in blood serum. This was significant for SDH only during measurable progesterone secretion, and less marked for G-6-PDH.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1988

The mode of secretion in the anterior pituitary gland of the cow and the ewe.

In the present study of the bovine and ovine pars distalis adenohypophysis another secretion mechanism besides the well established exocytosis is described. Within cellular accumulations surrounded by a sparse connective tissue the process of secretion seems to be induced by fusion of the glandular cells. The direct passage of glandular cell material out of these syncytia into the adjacent sinusoidal capillaries is demonstrated in light and electron microscopic photographs. This secretion mechanism must be considered to be holocrine in nature, because the nuclei of the glandular cells are also found to pass directly into the blood vessels. The question concerning the replacement of the glandular cells, however, could not be finally clarified. The significance of the holocrine secretion in the adenohypophysis might be seen in the maintenance of a certain base-line secretion, while the fine hormonal regulation presumably is controlled by exocytosis, with the release of individual hormones being receptor mediated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

An attitudinal assessment of faculty practice plans.

An awareness of potential conflict between medical schools and private practice prompted an attitudinal assessment of faculty practice plans (FPPs). A representative sample of eight medical school FPPs in seven different communities was selected for study. For each FPP, a sample of health care leaders, stratified at different levels of administrative responsibility, was selected from academic medical centers and from community settings. Topics for FPP assessment were chosen for their relevance to physician and lay administrators involved with academic and community practice. Questions were answered on a yes-no basis and were graded by intensity of response. Although only two of the questions revealed statistical disparity on a simple yes-no basis, the intensity of response differed significantly in eight of the 14 questions asked. This study gives consideration to the strategic implications of FPPs for universities, medical schools, and organized medicine.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1987

[Melancholia and cancer: changes in the psychosomatic interpretation of cancer from the medico-historical viewpoint].

Specialized literature and belles lettres have been dealing increasingly with psychographs and biographies of cancer victims for whom a psychopathological condition is assumed to have paved the way for illness. In support of this assumption, authors cite what is supposed to be an unbroken chain of reports on the relationship between melancholy and cancer since antiquity. The fact that the views of ancient medicine have little in common with current understanding of such key concepts as melancholy and hypochondria is revealed by comparing the explanations of these terms from different periods. "Melancholy", when defined as a risk factor in the development of cancer, comprehends the following: a psychosomatic syndrome, a particular personality type, mental suffering as a result of stress and strain, disturbances of personality of a depressive nature with echoes of a thymo-alexic syndrome. The evaluation of historical documented arguments in support of a theory of psychosomatic oncogenesis is designed to call attention to the danger of false interpretations on the one hand and to the need for critical examination of present-day utterances on the subject on the other.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMed1987

[Radiotherapy of endometrial cancer].

It is no doubt, that irradiation is inferior to surgical therapy in treatment of endometrial cancer, as it is verified in annual report. Therefore irradiation is only indicated, if there are contraindications for intervention. Only packing method according to Heyman and afterloading contact therapy combined with pelvic and para-aortic irradiation are justifiable nowadays. Second-look-curettages controlling treatment efficiency are recommended particularly.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1986

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in pregnancy: a report of three maternal deaths.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become a major public health problem in the United States. Current projections, based on seroepidemiologic data, suggest a large increase in the number of cases over the next several years. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is the most common opportunistic infection associated with AIDS and an increase in the frequency of that illness also can be anticipated. Few cases of P carinii pneumonia associated with AIDS during pregnancy have been reported. Reported here are three such patients. All patients had been intravenous drug users and all died during the hospitalization in which the diagnosis was made. The diagnosis and management of P carinii pneumonia associated with AIDS are discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

High CO(2) Requiring Mutant of Anacystis nidulans R(2).

Some physiological characteristics of a mutant (E(1)) of Anacystis nidulans R(2), incapable of growing at air level of CO(2), are described. E(1) is capable of accumulating inorganic carbon (C(i)) internally as efficiently as the wild type (R(2)). The apparent photosynthetic affinity for C(i) in E(1), however, is some 1000 times lower than that of R(2). The kinetic parameters of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from E(1) are similar to those observed in R(2). The mutant appears to be defective in its ability to utilize the intracellular C(i) pool for photosynthesis and depends on extracellular supply of Ci in the form of CO(2). The very high apparent photosynthetic K(m) (CO(2)) of the mutant indicate a large diffusion resistance for CO(2). Data obtained here are used to calculate the permeability coefficient for CO(2) between the bulk medium and the carboxylation site of cyanobacteria.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

[Compliance in adjuvant chemotherapy].

The study presented deals with the issue of therapy compliance on the example of female patients with breast carcinoma, who had received adjuvant chemotherapy. Catamnestic results are reported for 44 patients who had answered a complaints questionnaire and participated, additionally, in unstructured interviewing on the problems and strain experienced during and following therapy. The study group consisted of 10 women who had dropped out of treatment, and 34 women who had followed the treatment as scheduled. The physical and emotional strain found are reported, and discussed from the perspective of therapy compliance. Of particular interest in this context is the doctor-patient-relationship, i.e. the question of how the patients' subjective considerations and medical cost-benefit calculations could be heeded in as open and trustful an exchange between doctor and patient as possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Results of 748 preventive appendectomies].

From 1975 to 1984 748 incidental appendectomies were done on the occasion of gynecological laparotomy. In 73 per cent of the appendices no pathological finding was to be found. In 27% there were chronic inflammatory changes. Postoperative complications could be observed only in 2 cases. Because of bleedings from the appendicular artery relaparotomies were necessary. No other complications. Therefore incidental appendectomy is justified if special preconditions are taken into consideration.

Adolescent↗