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Biomedical subjects

R Schilling

Publications and source records attributed to R Schilling.

78 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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[Phosphate depletion syndrome in prematures fed human milk].

The reason for our present study on calcium and phosphorus intake of 7 prematures (birthweight 1150-1620 g; 29-34 GW; 1000 IU Vit. D per day) with pooled human milk and on their parameters of calcium, phosphorus- and bone metabolism were reports of rickets in prematures despite sufficient Vit. D substitution. The daily calcium- and phosphorus intake with pooled human milk was considerably lower than intrauterine calcium-and phosphorus accretion of fetuses of comparable gestational age. Biochemical parameters from serum and urine clearly indicated a phosphate deficiency syndrome. We found a significantly positive correlation between the activity of alkaline phosphatase in serum and postconceptional age. Although no subject showed clinical or radiological signs of rickets, in 6 of them the activity of alkaline phosphatase was clearly above normal in the 39th or 40th postconceptional week. We conclude that pooled human milk cannot supply prematures with sufficient amounts of calcium and phosphorus.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutritional iron status of infants fed according to current recommendations].

We examined the iron nutritional status of healthy term infants in a longitudinal study from 15 through 365 days of age. All infants were fed according to the present austrian recommendations. Serum hemoglobin (Hb) decreased from 15 through 122 days of age and remained constant thereafter. At 365 days of age, only 4.7% of the infants had hemoglobin levels below 11 g/dl, which is considered the borderline value for anemia. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of erythrocytes was changing during infancy. Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) was constant from 122 days through 365 days of age. The upper normal value of 3 micrograms/gHb for infants older than 122 days of age corresponded to that for children older than one year and adults. Serum ferritin (SF) decreased from 15 through 183 days of age and remained constant thereafter. At 365 days of age, only 9.3% of the infants had SF below 10 micrograms/l, which is considered the borderline concentration for depletion of iron stores. We found no differences of iron nutritional status between infants who were breastfed longer than 122 days and infants who were breastfed shorter than 122 days or were fed formula. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and depletion of the iron stores is lower than in previous studies. Changes in infant nutrition during the last years resulted in higher iron intake and lower prevalence of iron deficiency.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Levels of family involvement in patient visits by family medicine faculty.

BACKGROUND: This study investigates levels of family involvement (LFI) in patient visits by family medicine faculty, extends validity testing of the LFI model, and provides data for comparison with a previous study of LFI in patient visits by family practice residents. METHODS: Twenty visits were taped for each of five physician faculty and were rated according to whether family involvement was indicated and if it occurred. RESULTS: Of the 100 visits, 47 showed minimal or no family involvement. Of the 29 visits when faculty provided medical information and advice to a family, 66% involved children. Family issues were discussed in only 18% of visits if only adult patients were considered. Overall, however, family involvement occurred in 80% of the visits in which it was indicated. The results of this study, which involved faculty, showed slightly higher family involvement levels than found for residents in a previous study, but the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The similarity between faculty LFI in this study and LFI exhibited by residents in a previous study may mean that both groups are currently exhibiting appropriate LFI. However, the unexpected findings may be a function of the research tools' inadequate sensitivity. Methodology changes are recommended to increase sensitivity in measuring family orientation, particularly for individual adult patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sexual risk behavior of incarcerated, drug-using women, 1992.

In this study, sexual risk behavior of 104 incarcerated female drug users is examined. Findings demonstrate that incarcerated women who use drugs are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection because of their behavior prior to arrest. During the month prior to arrest, the majority of respondents were sexually active. Half reported past sexual contacts with injecting drug users, and more than one-third had traded sex for money or drugs. Consistent with other studies, condom use was more frequent with casual or commercial partners. Those who traded sex for money were less likely to be white Anglo or regular heroin users, and more likely to be regular crack users and alcoholic, have fathers who were drug or alcohol users, and perceive themselves as at-risk for contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases.

Attitude↗