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R Schiemann

Publications and source records attributed to R Schiemann.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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[Joint research on the precise determination of the energy and protein requirements of fattening pigs. 1. Setting the objectives and conditions of the experiments].

The objectives and the frame programme for the tests within a joint international experiment for the more precise determination of the energy and protein requirement of fattening pigs are described. Partner institutes from the GDR (coordinator), Bulgaria, Hungary, the USSR, and Czechoslovakia participated in this task within the scope of the coordination centre "Development of biologic bases for industrial animal production" in change of which is the Forschungszentrum für Tierproduktion (Research Centre for Animal Production) Dummerstorf-Rostock of the GDR Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Joint research on the precise determination of the energy and protein requirements of fattening pigs. 2. Energy and nitrogen metabolism of fattening hybrids in the fattening range of 30 to 120 kg].

In 3 experiments a total of 242 total metabolism experiments with ad libitum feeding (experiment 1), 75% (experiment 2) and 62% (experiment 3) of the energy level of the 1st experiment and approximately equal protein and amino acid doses in experiments 1-3 were carried out with 8 castrated male fattening hybrids each (large white X land race pig) X line 150) in the live weight range between 30 and 120 kg. On average, feed intake over the whole live weight range was 2.24; 1.79 and 1.50 kg/animal and day, the corresponding daily live weight gain was 729, 533 and 396 g. With regard to the digestibility of the energy and the nutrients and the metabolisable energy in % of the gross energy there was no relation to the development of the animals. The intake of metabolisable energy per kg live weight decreased with ad libitum feeding and with the advancing development at the end of the experiment in contrast to the beginning of the experiment to 53%, energy retention to 56%. The utilisation of metabolisable energy for body energy retention, taking account of a maintenance requirement of 450 kJ/kg live weight 0,62 on the average of the 3 experiments was 68.4 +/- 1.9, 70.3 +/- 2.0 and 64.3 +/- 2.6%. Energy retention in experiments 1 to 3 amounted to 8.6, 6.8 and 5.3 MJ at the beginning and to 18.1, 12.2 and 8.0 MJ per animal and day at the end of the experiment. Protein energy retention of the pigs (live weight 40 kg) was 26% of the total energy retention in experiments 1 and 2 and 49% in experiment 3. In experiments 1 and 3 protein retention decreased to 15% of the total energy retention, in experiment 2 protein retention remained constantly at 22% between 60 and 110 kg live weight and then decreased to 18%. Consequently, the N-balances were 23-16 g, 16-20 g and 16-9 g/animal and day. The chemical composition of the carcasses was strongly influenced by the level of nutrition. At the beginning of the experiment the protein content averaged between 49 and 57% and the total fat content between 31 and 38% of the dry matter. At the end of the experiment the carcasses of the animals from experiments 1-3 had crude protein contents of 28, 33 and 42% and total fat contents of 66, 61 and 50% of the dry matter.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Joint research on the precise determination of the energy and protein requirements of fattening pigs. 3. The energy requirement of hybrid swine].

The energy requirement for hybrid pigs ((large white X land race pig) X line 150) in the live weight range between 35 and 120 kg is derived from 242 measurings of the total metabolism as the sum of energy requirement for maintenance and energy requirement for live weight gain. Energy requirement is estimated by means of the following equation: (Formula: see text). Energy maintenance requirement, energy content per 1 kg live weightgain in dependence of the daily gain and the derived energy requirement for growth and fattening are compared with corresponding results from investigations with pigs of the species large white and land race pig. Essential differences concerning parameters of energy metabolism determining the requirement could not be detected.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Joint research on the precise determination of the energy and protein requirements of fattening pigs. 10. Comparative evaluation of the research for the precise determination of the energy and protein requirements of fattening pigs].

Institutes from 5 CMEA countries took part in complementary joint investigations in order to ascertain the variance in energy and protein requirement and parameters of nutrient and energy metabolism with such fattening pigs as test animals as characterise the prospective breeding development in each of the countries and in order to establish the bases for the critical revision of the norms of energy and protein requirement for fattening pigs and, if necessary, their more precise determination. The most important conclusion drawn from the comparative assessment of the results presented in 9 articles is that due to wide variations in the energy and protein requirement values between the individual investigators as well as within the institutions themselves, norms of energy and protein requirement for fattening can only be adopted between countries when adequate investigations under the specific conditions of the individual countries justify this.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The energy maintenance requirement of growing pigs of different sexes given normal and high protein diets. 1. Experiments in castrates].

Energy retention was measured alternately at 12 barrows, fattening hybrids of line 150 (150 X (L X E], at maintenance level (4 periods) and growth feeding (5 periods) in the live weight range between 32 and 134 kg, 6 animals each received rations with 17 and 45% crude protein resp. during the complete experimental period. The nutrition level did not have a significant influence on the digestibility level of the feed. The experiments carried out at maintenance level showed that the maintenance requirement of metabolizable energy in the experiments with 17% crude protein in the ration was 941, in the experiments with 45% crude protein in the ration 913kJ ME/kg LW0.62 and on average 927 kJ ME/kg LW0.62. Including the experiments with growth feeding one can conclude from a regression analysis, largely in agreement with the measured values, that 955 kJ ME/kg LW0.62 is the energy maintenance requirement. These values of maintenance requirement are by 50% higher than those derived from previous measurings. In contrast to expectations, the increase of protein concentration in the ration did not result in a higher energy maintenance requirement. The utilization of metabolizable energy for retention amounted to 74% for rations with a normal protein content and to 65% for those with a high protein content. The multiply regressive evaluation showed a utilization of metabolizable energy for fat retention of 79% and for protein retention of 53%.

Adipose Tissue↗
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[The energy maintenance requirement of growing pigs of different sexes give normal and high protein diets. 2. Experiments in sows].

Six animals each out of 12 female fattening hybrids (150 X (L X E] were given rations containing 17 or 45% crude protein resp. 4 periods of growth feeding alternated with 5 periods of maintenance feeding in the live weight range between 33 and 146 kg. The feeding level did not have an influence on the level of digestibility. From the experiments with 17% crude protein in the ration 1004 and from those with 45% crude protein 947, on average 977 kJ metabolizable energy per kg LW0.62 in the maintenance periods and 980 in the growth periods were derived as maintenance requirement of metabolizable energy. These values for maintenance requirement are by 50% higher than those in previous experiments of our work team. In contrast to expectations, energy maintenance requirement did not grow due to the increase of the protein content of the rations. The utilization of metabolizable energy for retention was 73% for rations with a normal protein content and 66% for those with a high protein content. The partial utilization of metabolizable energy for fat retention was ascertained as 83% and as 49% for protein retention by means of multiply regressive evaluation.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The energy maintenance requirement of growing pigs of different sexes given normal and high protein diets. 3. Experiments in boars].

Six fattening boars each, hybrids of line 150(150 X (L X E] received rations with 17 and 45% crude protein. In the live weight range of 36 to 167 kg, 5 periods of growth feeding alternated with 4 periods of maintenance feeding. Compared with maintenance level the nutrition level of 2.7 did not have an influence on digestibility. Nitrogen retention was only insignificantly influenced by the level of protein supply. The maintenance requirement of the animals used was by 50% higher than in previous experiments made by our work team. On average it amounted to 1,017 KJ metabolizable energy per kg LW0.62, i.e. to 1,063 for those animals fed with rations containing 17% crude protein and to 986 for those animals receiving 45% crude protein in their rations. The utilization of metabolizable energy for energy retention amounted to 75% for rations with 17% crude protein and to 70% for rations with 45% crude protein. The partial utilization of metabolizable energy for fat retention was ascertained as 90% and for protein retention as 53% by means of multiply regressive assessment.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Geotrichum capitatum septicaemia in neutropenic patients: case report and review of the literature.

We report a case of systemic infection with Geotrichum capitatum in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. Three days before death, the patient developed acute renal failure, probably caused by occlusion of glomerula with hyphae of G. capitatum. Up until now, prophylaxis and treatment of infections caused by Geotrichum capitatum have not been established. However, the prophylactic administration of high-dose itraconazole and the therapeutic use of liposomal amphotericin B are subjects of discussion.

Acute Disease↗