Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Sauer

Publications and source records attributed to R Sauer.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Hodgkin's disease--change of the therapy concept?].

The sometimes too schematically handled therapeutic proceeding in Hodgkin's disease today has been replaced by a more individual strategy. Due to stage-oriented therapeutic regimes today 80-90% of all Hodgkin's disease patients may reach survival periods of 5 years. Therefore the possibility of a definite cure has been achieved. Even in the advanced stages III and IV of the disease, half of the patients is supposed to reach a 5-year survival time. However, one has to observe with great attention in the future, how the gained duration of life as a consequence of combined chemo- and radiotherapy may be abolished by side-effects and risks due to the aggressive therapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Primary radiation therapy of breast cancer (author's transl)].

Many experiences with breast-saving primary radiation therapy following tumorectomy justify the utilization of this method as an alternative to mastectomy. Complications are insignificant, cosmetic results excellent in general, on the condition, however, of rigorous indication, of careful and atraumatic surgical technique and of exactly planned and accurately delivered megavoltage therapy. Local and regional tumor control amounts to 90% in Stage-I cases, to 85% in Stage II, and to about 65% in Stage III. Five-year survival is obtained in 85 to 95% of Stage I cases, in 65 to 75% of Stage II and in about 25% of Stage III cases. Ten-year survival rate lies between 45 and 60%. No sign of secondary malignomas possibly induced by curative radiation therapy has been found till now.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Staging Meniere's disease and reporting results in Meniere's disease: symposium panel discussion.

At its recent spring meeting, the American Neurotologic Society devoted a portion of its program to a symposium on staging Meniere's disease and reporting results. One of the problems discussed, was which preoperative audiogram should be used for reporting results of any treatment. I think that it is very important that we, as otologists, try to look at Meniere's disease or any inner ear dysfunction in a more scientific way. Some of you may feel, on initial evaluation of this material, that it is too cumbersome to be practical in your daily clinical work. However, we feel we have put forth a reasonable staging system and method of reporting results that can be quite helpful once the simple routine of using them has become established. The vertigogram, for example, which is designed to be very simple and not require any sophisticated equipment, should be as easy to read as an audiogram. If we try to approach the vagaries of Meniere's disease or any inner ear dysfunction in a more scientific fashion, I am sure that in several years we will be in a much better position collectively to evaluate our results and to help our patients. This type of comprehensive staging system for all of the components in Meniere's disease or any inner ear dysfunction will enable us to objectify diagnoses and treatment results so that they can be easily compared. We have put forth some of the ideas and methods that we think will help us arrive at a consensus for reporting results. We encourage you to try some of the suggestions presented in this article and welcome your comments and ideas for improving this staging system and method for reporting results.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1980

[Prevention and therapy of radiation injuries].

Every effective tumor therapy is, to a certain extent, accompanied by side effects and this applies also to radiotherapy. A large number of side effects occuring during radiotherapeutic treatment is reversible. The chronic radiation injuries remain, in general, asymptomatic. They can be considerably reduced by the use of megavolt machines, a sophisticated computer-assisted treatment technique and with the help of concomitant medication therapy. While earlier, an incipient reaction to radiation appeared on the skin, during the era of high-voltage therapy, the important radioreactions developed deeper in the human body. Besides the reaction of the oral and pharyngeal mucosae, radiation pneumonitis or radiation pneumosclerosis, radiation enteritis and radiation proctitis are important. These are the reactions which the family physician is most frequently confronted with. Possible prophylactic measures and therapy are discussed. The responsibiliy for radiotherapeutic side effects and risks must be assumed jointly by the physicians involved, the patient must be informed about them and efforts made to gain his cooperation.

Colostomy↗
PubMed1980

[Radiation therapy combined with local hyperthermia: a preliminary report of clinical experiences (author's transl)].

First clinical results from a total of 62 patients treated by localized hyperthermia combined with additional megavoltage therapy are reported. Evaluation of the treatment results was possible in 49 cases. Of these, 30 underwent additional treatment with hyperthermia. The local results of radiation therapy could be improved by hyperthermia, no intensification of radiation effects upon sound tissues being detected. This effectiveness of hyperthermia was impressive especially with tumors containing extended necrotic parts, e.g. glioblastomas, carcinomas of the oropharynx or hypopharynx, and tumors of the skin. Regarding routine application of localized hyperthermia, there is a series of essential problems still to be solved.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1978

[The question of the possibility to reproduce field positions in high-voltage therapy (author's transl)].

In order to obtain informations about the possibility to reproduce field positions in high-voltage therapy, controls were made by therapy films on several patients during the irradiation with a linear accelerator and a telecobalt unit. An incorrect position of the fields and/or lead satellites was found in 51% of the controls. The authors discuss possible reasons and their consequences for the radiotherapeutic practice. It must be taken into consideration especially when therapy plans are elaborated, that their realization may cause difficulties in the daily practice.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1978

[Tridimensional irradiation planning with Philips TPS and ultrasound gray-scale tomography in the course of routine work (author's transl)].

Extent and location of the target volume as well as the optimum choice of radiation and field and the use of wedges or compensation filters are critical parameters with respect to the quality of a treatment plan. The latter should always take into account the individual topography, even if standard concepts can be applied in some cases. We feel that treatment planning in each patient would require too much of the staff's time. Therefore equipment that helps to save planning time is welcome, particularly if it increases the reliability of the final results. In this respect ultrasonic tomography is a useful tool for solving many problems. These will be described, discussed and compared with the advantages of computerized tomography, which is just being introduced.

Mathematics↗
PubMed1978

[Pretherapeutical diagnosis of metastases in carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)].

Conscientious pretherapeutic search for metastases is a prerequisite for every curative local therapy of breast carcinoma. This must be preceded by thorough physical checkup, supplemented by the usual blood tests, thoracic x-ray, and contralateral mammography. The axillary lymphatic nodes should be biopsied, since clinical assessment alone, unsupported by other examinations, yields false results in about one-third of the cases. Skeleton scintigraphy is recommended for routine skeleton diagnostics, possibly followed by specific roentgenography or tomography of individual skeleton sections. Bone marrow biopsy as well as individual biochemical examinations (discussed in this article in detail) are hardly useful in the search for hidden skeleton metastases, but they can be of importance in assessing the course of therapy. If there is the slightest clinical suspicion of metastases of the liver, brain or other organs, additional special examinations must be performed. Scintigraphy in combination with laparoscopy or ultrasound tomography is recommended in liver diagnostics. Brain metastases can be reliably detected by means of computer tomography.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[Cervical-lymph node metastasis of unknown primary tumour (author's transl)].

The therapeutical results of 39 patients with cervical lymph node metastasis of unknown primary tumour are presented. 34 patients received radiotherapy, 2 chemotherapy, and in 2 cases the metastasis was only excised. In 22 patients the radiotherapy consisted of homogenic irradiation of the neck, in 12 patients the area of tumour manifestation was irradiated with a dosis ranging from 4000 to 6000 rad. The cumulative survival rate of all the patients was 64% after one year and 30% after 4 years. Ninety one per cent of the patients who were without symptoms after the therapy, survived this time interval. All patients without therapeutical success died. The median survival time of all patients was 20 months. In 21 patients the primary tumour was found later. In 13 cases (62%) the tumour was located in the head and neck region. In 7 patients the histology of the tumour had to be changed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

[Preoperative radiotherapy and curative radiotherapy without mastectomy in carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)].

The aim of preoperative radiotherapy of mastocarcinoma is to reduce the size of the tumor to enable radical surgery in the third stage. This method is preferable to postoperative radiotherapy for anatomical and radiobiological reasons. It has not yet been possible to prove beyond doubt that preoperative radiotherapy also has a favourable effect on symptom-free survival. Curative radiotherapy without mastectomy is recommended for tumors of 2 - 3 cm size which are mobile, in small and medium-sized breasts, if the axilla is free or has only 1 - 2 mobile lymphatic nodes. Tumorectomy must be followed by surgical revision of the axillary region. High-voltage equipment is mandotory for radiotherapy. Results obtained to date are in no way inferior to those of mastectomy. Local control rate is 90-100%. The cosmetic result is usually excellent.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

[Dosis-performace-effects on the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell. Results of partial body irradiation using 8MeV-x rays].

It was the aim of this study of document the influence of various dose rates on the CFU'S compartment. The information obtained should serve as a guideline to the design of radiotherapeutic programs with less hemopoietic toxicity in clinical radiation therapy. CBA mice were subjected to partial body X-ray irradiation from a linear accelerator (8MeV). The effect of dose rates of 6,70, 520 and 2800 R/min on CFU'S were studied in the irradiated and shielded marrow immediately after irradiation and 5,24 resp. 48 hours, 1 week and 3 weeks later. The following conclusions can be made: The reduction of CFU'S is significantly greater for low dose rates. After a dose of 150 R CFU'S reach normal values at 2 weeks, after 300 R at 3 weeks. With 450 R they are still subnormal at 3 weeks. A rebound phenomenon with increased CFU'S is seen at 3 weeks with 150 R and 300 R. An increase of CFU'S in shielded marrow is seen immediately after irradation. This increase is not dependent on the dose rate. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Animals↗