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Biomedical subjects

R Sauer

Publications and source records attributed to R Sauer.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Proposal for radio-oncologic needs planning].

The demand planning for radio-oncologic treatment considers the population density and structure of the region served by the hospital, the geographic conditions of this region, the medical prescriptions of the hospital institution, the incidence of cancer, the part of radiotherapy in the treatment of the tumor, hospital-specific factors and, finally, the minimum requirements for technical equipment and staff of a radiotherapeutic functional unit. The most important factors are certainly the incidence of cancer and the number of tumor patients actually receiving a radiotherapy. For the Federal Republic of Germany, an incidence of annually 300 to 320 new cancers per 100,000 inhabitants is determined, based on the mortality statistics of the Federal Republic of Germany, England, Wales and Norway as well as the cancer incidence statistics of Hamburg, Baden-Württemberg, Saarland and the very reliable registers of Scandinavia and the German Democratic Republic. The part of radiotherapy is probably between 32 and 35% of primary treatments, repeated treatments must be added. With respect to technical equipment and staff, some minimum requirements have to be fulfilled by a radiotherapeutic functional unit if its work shall be satisfactory in the medical and economical domain. A concentration of radiotherapeutic resources is recommended. The number of beds required for a radio-oncologic hospital applying modern techniques and combined methods is 40 to 45% of the number of patients irradiated per day. A three-category system for radio-oncologic treatment is presented. Future planning, however, should only be based on two categories.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1986

[Total lymphoid irradiation in chronic polyarthritis--a new therapeutic concept].

Eleven patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis were submitted to a total lymphoid irradiation up to a dose of 20 Gy. A constant improvement of clinical symptoms was observed in four out of the eleven patients already during the treatment and in the other patients not later than two months after. The frequency of attacks decreased and the number of joints involved in the attack was reduced. Morning rigidity and joint swellings decreased. One patient developed joint empyemas 4 and 26 months after the treatment. Four patients died in the meantime. In two patients the cause of death were renal insufficiency and a postoperative cardiogenic shock associated with generalized amyloidosis. The third patient died because of a toxically induced left cardiac decompensation with sepsis that could not be controlled by antibiotic drugs and multiple joint empyemas. The fourth patient developed an abscess after surgical treatment of a Kaposi syndrome. She died three months later from acute left cardiac decompensation. The therapy induced a lymphocytopenia with decrease of T helper lymphocytes and unchanged number of T suppressor lymphocytes. The constant therapy results of total lymphoid irradiation in primary chronic polyarthritis is probably due to this modification in the immune regulation.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Total lymphoid irradiation in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis.

Eleven patients with rheumatoid arthritis that had been refractory to conventional drug therapy were treated with total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). Followup continued for 6 months in 9 patients, 12 months in 6 patients, and 24 months in 3 patients. At 6 and 12 months post-TLI, a significant improvement in clinical disease activity was demonstrated. Side effects noted during TLI included fatigue, nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting. One patient died of cardiorespiratory arrest, 2 patients died of kidney failure secondary to generalized amyloidosis, and 1 patient died of septic shock secondary to a multilocular septic arthritis. One patient experienced 2 episodes of septic arthritis; 2 patients manifested delayed wound healing. Immunologic assessments showed consistent lymphopenia in all patients. T lymphocyte subsets decreased after TLI, and showed a transient increase at 6 months post-TLI. The suppressed mitogen responsiveness, which was noted 2 months after irradiation, was found to increase almost to the pre-TLI levels at 12 months. The observed increase in morbidity and mortality after TLI is evidence that discourages the use of this therapeutic technique, at least in its present form.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1985

Radiotherapy of non-metastatic ewing sarcoma.

Comparing the radiotherapy data of two groups of patients with non-metastatic Ewing sarcoma, we came to the following conclusions: intensive chemotherapy does not substitute for effective radiotherapy. Irradiation fields should be large enough to include the whole affected bone and the entire extra-osseous compartments, exempting only uninvolved epiphyses. Marginal recurrences are a major risk of the shrinking field technique. Single doses per fraction should be high and the total dose raised to the point of maximal irradiation tolerance of normal tissues.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Helping students write.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1984

[Dosimetry of lower segment irradiation in Hodgkin disease. II. Radiation burden of risk organs].

The radiation exposure of the risk organs kidneys, spinal marrow, gonads, liver, and pancreas was determined for three different photon energies (Co-60, continuous radiation with 6 MV and 10 MV) at the inverted Y field, as it is applied generally for the infradiaphragmatic segment irradiation of malignant lymphomas. For this purpose, the authors made use of the thermoluminescence dosimetry and film dosimetry in the Alderson phantom. The most important results are: More than half of the left kidney receives more than 50% of the applied focal dose, about 20% receive more than 90% of the focal dose. The participation of the right kidney is minimal. If the dose exceeds 20 Gy, the lumbar spinal marrow is sufficiently protected by a satellite in the dv field. A displacement of the ovaries in caudomedial direction behind the vesical absorber does not protect the ovarian function in a satisfactory manner; the ovaries should be displaced in craniolateral direction on the alae ossis ilii. We recommend the use of a testicular lead protection even if the inguinal lymph nodes are only irradiated with the vd field.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Dosimetry in radiotherapy of the lower portion of the body in Hodgkin's disease. Dose distribution within the target volume dependent on radiotherapy].

The dose distribution of three radiations (Co-60, Co-6, and 10 MV continuous radiation) within the target volume was evaluated. It is shown that a much more constant reference dose can be achieved with cobalt, whereas continuous radiation causes a more homogeneous dose distribution in the target volume. With the irregular field developed by us, the therapy success could be endangered by too low dosages within the target volume.

Cobalt Radioisotopes↗
PubMed1983

[Computer tomographically guided stereotactic interstitial therapy of brain tumors using temporary or permanent 125iodine seed implantation].

Therapy resistance of inoperable malignant gliomas is an unsolved problem for radiotherapy. A combination of interstitial therapy and percutaneous high voltage therapy is described which should improve the prognosis of brain tumours when it has been perfected. For all tumours of low malignancy we recommend the permanent implantation of 125iodine seeds of low activity (10-60 mCi 125I, DO = 6-10 rad/h.) as the primary form of treatment, possibly supplemented by high voltage therapy. For tumours of higher malignancy, temporary implantation of high activity 125I is indicated (more than 200 mCi, DO = 25-100 rad/h.) as local boost before or after total volume irradiation of brain. Our experience of 30 patients up to date is encouraging.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Neoplasm treatment using hyperthermia and radiotherapy].

The authors present the run of isotherms in muscle and fatty tissue/muscle phantoms after hyperthermia produced by a 13,56 MHz generator (different electrode sizes, influence of the cooling system) and the therapy results of 136 patients submitted to hyperthermia and irradiation. The local therapy results are remarkable in case of tumors of the ORL region, cervical lymph node metastases and superficial and semi-deep tumors. The subjective side effects are supportable, the objective side effects (complications of the combined therapy) are unimportant. The question whether the good results of palliative therapy justify a curative application cannot be answered yet. This has to be investigated by randomized prospective studies.

Head and Neck Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Brachycurie therapy of tumors--renaissance of a radio-oncologic method].

In the past years there is a worldwide renaissance in interstitial low dose-rate implantation of tumors in many sites of origin. This renaissance is due to the development of new artificial radioisotopes (Au-198, Ir-192 and particularly I-125), the refinement of application techniques with after-loading devices and the introduction of computerized dosimetry. It is the opinion of a number of widely experienced radiotherapists that interstitial implants represent the treatment of choice "par excellence" and one of the ways to overcome the treatment resistance of inoperable malignant tumors. For this reason we have introduced the method of permanent and removable implantation of inoperable brain tumors, head and neck cancers and prostate carcinomas with 125I-seeds at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg. Our first clinical impressions are very encouraging. The techniques of implantation used, the properties and advantages of 125I-seeds, dosimetric considerations and problems related to radiation protection are described.

Brachytherapy↗