Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

R Roy

Publications and source records attributed to R Roy.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pain clinics: reassessment of objectives and outcomes.

A review of published reports on pain clinic programs was done in order to demonstrate the limitations of treatment goals which do not encompass the biologic, psychologic, and social aspects of pain rehabilitation. The reason for these limitations can be attributed to several factors, an important one being the lack of attention given to the patient's social situation. Since chronic pain is truly a biopsychosocial syndrome, it is recommended that treatment objectives include restoration of social functioning of the patient as much as pain relief or control of pain behavior.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1983

Preliminary results on the clinical efficacy and safety of androgen inhibition by an LHRH agonist alone or combined with an antiandrogen in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma.

We have used the paradoxical antigonadal effects of LHRH agonists as a chemical castration in advanced prostatic cancer. We report early results of a phase II study on the clinical efficacy of the LHRH agonist D-Ser (TBU)6, des-Gly-NH2(10) LHRH administered to patients with stage D prostatic carcinoma. Following dose-range finding studies using either intranasal (IN) (200 micrograms twice/day or 500 micrograms twice/day) or subcutaneous (SC) administration (50 micrograms once/day, we developed a sequential combination of SC (500 micrograms three times/day for seven days) and IN regimen that was administered for 3 to 16 months to a group of 23 patients with stage D prostatic carcinoma. Initiation of therapy was associated with a clinical flare in one patient during the first week of treatment. Mean serum testosterone levels were already decreasing at one week and remained inhibited to levels inferior to 1 ng/ml after the first four weeks of treatment. Overall assessment shows that within the first six months of treatment, 26% patients were improved, 39% were stabilized, and 35% were nonresponders. Fourteen patients were followed during the next six months: 29% continued to respond, 29% escaped, 21% remained stable, and 21% were nonresponders. Histologic studies from castrated patients showed changes in spermatogenesis correlating to the degree and duration of suppression of testicular steroidogenesis without signs of toxicity. Preliminary observations on the combination of the pure antiandrogen RU 23908 with Buserelin (n = 5) or castration (n = 3) suggest that the addition of an antiandrogen does not seem to improve the patients nonresponding to other hormonal suppressive therapy (Buserelin) administered before (n = 3) or concomitantly with the antiandrogen (n = 2). Three relapsing castrate patients responded to the antiandrogen, but the response was temporary in two (eight to nine months of therapy). No side effects other than hot flashes and decreased potency are related to LHRH agonist alone or to the low-dose antiandrogen. Multicenter trials will be necessary to delineate the place of LHRH agonist alone or LHRH agonist combined with an antiandrogen in the treatment of prostatic cancer.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Interaction of thyrotrophin releasing hormone with inhibin in male rats.

Inhibin administered to adult male rats delayed the in-vivo pituitary responsiveness to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) as observed in terms of prolactin release in the serum. It also decreased the sensitivity of the pituitary gland to TRH, in terms of TSH release. However, inhibin alone did not alter the serum levels of prolactin and TSH, although it significantly suppressed serum FSH levels. In addition, the inhibin effect on FSH release was blocked by TRH.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Seroepidemiological survey of maedi-visna virus infection in sheep and goat flocks in Quebec.

Maedi-visna, a chronic viral disease of adult sheep characterized by progressive dyspnoea or neurological manifestations, was first recognized and described clinically in Canada in 1970. Seroepidemiological study was conducted in sheep and goats in various areas of Quebec. Sera of 10% of the animals of selected flocks were collected and specific antibodies against maedi-visna virus were tested by a modified direct complement fixation test. Results show seropositive rate of 67.6% for Sherbrooke sheep; of 40.5, 41.1 and 47.1% for Quebec, Saint-Hyacinthe and Nicolet sheep respectively and only 29.2 and 20.0% positive sera in l'Assomption and Rimouski animals. Prevalence rate of positive goats varied according to geographic areas (0 to 36.8%). Statistical analysis of various factors, e.g. age, breed, mode of raising, origin and size of flock showed no relation between these factors and the geographic areas. But, some clinical problems in the sheep flocks such as cough, rapid breathing, mortality and abortion were associated with high infection rate (greater than or equal to 50%) to maedi-visna virus. In goats, no correlation was demonstrated between these clinical signs and serological results. Our results suggest that it is important to consider this disease in an adequate program of preventive medicine in Quebec.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Psoriatic arthritis: risk factors for patients with psoriasis - a study based on histocompatibility antigen frequencies.

Histocompatibility antigen frequencies were studied in a group of 100 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PSA) and were compared to a group of 80 patients whose psoriasis was restricted to skin lesions (PSC). The antigens B13, BW57 (17), CW6 were significantly increased in PSC while BW57 (17), BW39, CW6 and CW7 were increased in PSA. No DR or MT antigen was elevated in frequency when compared to normal controls. The significant information which results from this study includes: 1) a failure to confirm previous reports on HLA-DR antigen increased frequencies; 2) an association, in this population, of BW39 with PSA and not BW38; 3) finding of a closer link of PSC and PSA with HLA-C rather than HLA-B antigens; 4) an estimate of relative risk for patients with PSC to develop PSA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes: characteristics of CO-eIF-2 protein complex.

A high molecular weight reticulocyte protein factor, named Co-eIF-2, contains Co-eIF-2A, Co-eIF-2B, and Co-eIF-2C activities and stimulates Met-tRNAf binding to eIF-2 both in the presence and absence of Mg2+. Some characteristics of this stimulation in the absence of Mg2+ are: (1) Stimulation is most pronounced at low eIF-2 levels. (2) Stimulation is partially resistant to heat and NEM treatment, and thus appears to be due to the combined action of both heat and NEM-insensitive Co-eIF-2A, and heat and NEM-sensitive Co-eIF-2C activities. (3) [3H]GDP bound in eIF-2 . [3H]GDP complex is rapidly displaced by unlabelled GTP during ternary complex formation Co-eIF-2 stimulates Met-tRNAf binding to eIF-2 even when added after the [3H]GDP from eIF-2 . [3H]GDP has been completely displaced. This indicates that Co-eIF-2-stimulation is not due to GDP displacement from eIF-2 . GDP. We propose that eIF-2 molecules become inactive in the presence of Mg2+ and at high dilution, and Co-eIF-2 restores the inactive eIF-2 molecules into an active form.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Masseter spasm].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1982

Marital and family issues in patients with chronic pain. A review.

This paper attempt to review the relevant literature pertaining to the family issues in chronic pain. To begin with, a rationale is developed for adopting a family approach to the understanding of physical and psychosomatic disorders. Pain literature is examined to demonstrate the significance of family factors in the etiology, perpetuation and treatment of chronic pain. Overall research in this entire field remains somewhat weak and thus the findings are of a tentative nature. On the other hand, the clinical significance of family factors in chronic pain are critical and cannot be ignored. The need for better designed research in this field is of utmost importance.

Family↗
PubMed1982

Correlation between L-Carnitine and alpha-1, 4-glucosidase activity in the semen of normal, infertile and vasectomized men.

The semen content of L-carnitine and of alpha 1, 4-glucosidase has been measured in subjects consulting for evaluation of their fertility. A close correlation (r=0.684) was found between both parameters over the range of azoospermia to normal zoospermia. A significant number of patients with oligo or azoospermia displayed normal values of L-carnitine and of alpha-1, 4-glucosidase while approximately 50% showed levels in the low spectrum of vasectomized men. On the basis of these findings, an obstructive pathology at epididymal or vas deferens level was established by vasography and/or bilateral scrotal exploration in 9 patients with azoospermia. These 2 epididymal markers might thus be useful in the hands of the practicing andrologist who has to determine precisely the site of a dysfunction in the reproductive system which leads to infertility.

Biology↗
PubMed1982

Kidney graft survival: role of blood transfusions and lymphocytotoxic antibodies.

In 121 primary cadaver kidney grafts, a significant increase in graft survival has been observed in recipients transfused prior to transplantation, whatever the number of units received or the time of administration. This beneficial effect of blood transfusion was shown to be independent of the recipient's sex, blood group, HLA-A, B match grade and dialysis time. In longitudinal screenings, the incidence of post-transplant antibodies did not differ according to transfusion status of recipient. However, the graft survival was significantly improved in transfused patients without antibody or with an IgM anti-B (cold) antibody (95% survival at 4 years) as compared to nontransfused with the same characteristics. Patients with IgG anti-B (warm), anti-T or anti-PBL antibodies IgG/IgM shared a uniformly poor graft prognosis whether or not they had been transfused.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes. Purification and characterization of a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein synthesis inhibitor from reticulocyte lysates.

Reticulocyte lysates contain a latent form of eukaryotic peptide chain initiation factor 2 (eIF-2) kinase (dsI) which becomes activated in the presence of double-stranded RNA and ATP and inhibits protein synthesis. The latent form of dsI has been partially purified from reticulocyte ribosomal salt wash. The purified dsI has been activated by incubation in the presence of poly(rI).poly(rC) and [gamma 32P]ATP and the activated dsI has been further purified to near homogeneity. Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, purified [32P]dsI shows an intensely staining 67,000-dalton polypeptide band which corresponds to a single 67,000-dalton radioactive band. During Sephadex (G-200) gel filtration, both the latent form of dsI and the activated dsI elute similarly with a peak corresponding to a molecular weight of 67,000. Purified dsI phosphorylates the 38,000-dalton subunit of eIF-2 and, under conditions of eIF-2 phosphorylation, dsI strongly inhibits AUG-dependent Met-tRNAf binding to 40 S ribosomes. Also, in partial reactions, eIF-2 alpha (P) formed by phosphorylation of eIF-2 using dsI and ATP, is not recognized by two eIF-2 ancillary factors, Co-eIF-2B and Co-eIF-2C. These results are similar to those reported previously for the heme-regulated eIF-2 kinase (Das, A., Ralston, R. O., Grace, M., Roy, R., Ghosh-Dastidar, P., Das H. K., Yaghmai, B., Palmieri, S., and Gupta, N. K. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 76,5076-5079) and suggest that dsI, like the heme-regulated eIF-2 kinase phosphorylates eIF-2 and eIF-2 alpha (P) thus formed, in both cases, is not recognized by Co-eIF-2B and Co-eIF-2C, and is inactive in some step(s) of Met-tRNAf.40 S initiation complex formation.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes. Co-eIF-2A reverses mRNA inhibition of ternary complex (Met-tRNAf.eIF-2.GTP) formation by eIF-2.

mRNAs, at low concentrations, drastically inhibit ternary complex formation by eIF-2 (Met-tRNAf.eIF-2.GTP) and, when added to the preformed ternary complex, cause extensive dissociation of the complex. Co-eIF-2A stimulates (2- to 4-fold) Met-tRNAf binding to eIF-2 and, in the presence of excess Co-eIF-2A, the stimulated Met-tRNAf binding to eIF-2 is fully resistant to mRNAs. Other cofactors tested such as Co-eIF-2B and Co-eIF-2C do not reverse mRNA inhibition of ternary complex formation.

Animals↗