Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R Rochels.
Cells of human choroidal melanoma were implanted in the cornea of rabbits. A few days later corneal neovascularization onto the tumor can be observed. When the tumor is vascularized, rapid tumor growth follows. Macroscopic, histologic, and angiographic aspects are presented. The role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a cause of angiogenesis is discussed.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
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In many uveal lesions a choroidal excavation can be demonstrated by B-scan-sonography. By clinical and experimental methods it can be shown that this phenomenon is elicited by differences of reflectivity between the highly reflective choroid and low reflecting uveal lesions. Therefore, the choroidal excavation is not specific for one tumor, but will always be demonstrable, when a low reflective lesion (melanoma, hemorrhage) is present in the choroid. High reflective lesions (metastases, hemangioma) do not exhibit such an excavation.
The eye symptoms in dysostosis craniofacialis Crouzon can be divided into obligate and facultative signs; the latter are nystagmus, megalocornea, coloboma of the iris, corectopia, ectopia of the lens and cataract. There is no causal relationship between these symptoms and the dysostosis craniofacialis. The common eye findings in this disease use proptosis, divergent strabism, hypertelorism with dystopia canthi lateralis as well as in about 80% an atrophy of the optic nerve. It is considered until now that the premature synostosis of cranial sutures is the leading and only pathogenetical factor in this disease. This theory can no longer be sustained because of its inability to explain the above mentionned eye findings. We want to stress on a malformation of the prosencephalic head organisator leading to a dyschondroplasia that mainly affects the base of the skull. This frontal dysplasia causes a characteristic displacement of the building materials and thereby produces the common eye findings in this disease.
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Diallinas-Amalric syndrome is characterized by a combination of central pseudoretinopathia pigmentosa and pancochlear hearing loss. The dystrophy of the macula may occur in patients in whom hearing was unpaired in the prenatal, perinatal and/or postnatal periods. This fact indicates that Diallinas-Amalric syndrome must be seen as a nonspecific manifestation of a bisensorial impairment of very varied etiology.
Echography in 1273 patients with suspicious orbital tumor revealed in 5.4% a rhinogenic disease causing proptosis. Muco- and pyoceles, hemorrhages of the orbit following paranasal trauma, orbital inflammation in sinusitis and rhinogenic tumors invading the orbit could be detected echographically by specific criteria. Because of its simple, reproducable and riskless appliance, echography of the orbit and paranasal region is a screening-method in the differential diagnosis of proptosis.
The histological examination of an enucleated eye with dysgenesis Rieger showed microcornea, broad anterior synechia, hypoplasia and atrophia of the stroma of the iris as well as of the ciliary body. Excessive proliferations of the endothel combined with the formation of thick glass membranes allow the assumption that the dysgenesis Rieger, the essential progressive atrophy of the iris, the Chandler and Cogan-Reese syndrome are related in their aetiopathogenesis and are only variations of the same proliferative endotheliopathy.
The evaluation of 2758 X-rays of the hands of 1047 patients with mongolism showed some morphological and metric aberrations: We discovered pseudoepiphyses in 82,4%, a brachymesophalangia in 67%, a dysmesophalangia in 4,6% and clinodactyly in 56,4%. The length of the hands of the patients with mongolism is in all ages shorter than in controls; there is also a distinct acromicria. These alterations are interpreted as a sign of the cerebral affection as well as a general aberration of the mesenchyma.
After a brief review of total and partial hemihypertrophies, a case of facial hemihypertrophy with pitting of the optic disk and a defect in the adjacent retinal pigment epithelium is reported. The common teratogenetic period of termination suggests that the facial and ocular defects may be pathogenetically related.
The MEN II b syndrome is a form of multiple endocrine neoplasie (MEN). The main features are medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, pheochromocytoma, adenoma of the parathyroid glands and a marfanoid appearance. The authors report a case of MEN II b with a characteristic combination of ocular findings: thickened upper eyelids, ectopia puncti lacrimalis, decreased secretion of the lacrimal gland, medullary corneal nerves and a ring of neuromatous tissue at the limbus corneae. The differential diagnosis and the possibility of early diagnosis and management of this endocrine neoplasia are discussed in detail.
The authors examined four cases of keratoglobus and report here on the histological changes found: degenerative alterations of the epithelium, characteristic changes of Bowman's membrane, such as thinning, detachment and wrinkling, alterations of the stroma and secondary alterations of the Descemet's membrane. These results indicate that keratoglobus is nearly an extreme variant of keratoconus.
Following a brief clinical description of posterior scleritis its echographical criteria are described with reference to a case history: broad scleral echos with high reflectivity and poor sound attenuation in the A-scan are characteristic, as well as clear demarcation of the thickened posterior sclera from the orbital tissue and edema in Tenon's space in the B-scan.
In patients with cardiac arrest and extrathorakal reanimation, hyposphagma, vitreous and retinal hemorrhages, fat embolism in the retinal arteries as well as fluffy exudates of the fundus were observed. Pathogenesis and connections with Purtscher's traumatic angiopathic retinopathy are discussed.