Biomedical subjects

R Rani

Publications and source records attributed to R Rani.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1979

Lateral asymmetry of constitutive heterochromatin in human chromosomes.

Variations in lateral asymmetry of constitutive heterochromatin were studied in 30 normal individuals with reference to the chromosomal regions 1q12, 9q12, 15p11, 16q12 and Yq12. The technique consisted of growing human lymphocytes for one cell cycle in BrdU, staining with 33258 Hoechst, exposing them to UV light, treating them with 2 x SSC, and staining with Giemsa. This procedure revealed asymmetric staining in the region of constitutive heterochromatin in these chromosomal regions. Chromosomes 15, 16, and Y showed simple lateral asymmetry, whereas chromosome 1 showed both simple and compound asymmetry. In 15 cases, compound lateral asymmetry was evident in both homologues of chromosome 1, 12 cases showed compound lateral asymmetry in one homologue and simple lateral asymmetry in both the homologues. The centromere region of chromosome 9 stained symmetrically with this technique. The lateral asymmetry is presumed to reflect the strand bias in the distribution of thymine in satellite DNA fractions.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Immunologic and neuroendocrine interactions in pregnancy.

The neuroendocrine system helps in the success of the fetal graft by suppressing maternal cellular immune response against the foreign paternal histocompatibility (HLA) antigens. In addition, placenta absorbs the antibodies directed against the paternal HLA antigens, thus inhibiting the humoral rejection of the fetal graft. In contrast, neuropeptides released in the maternal blood stream under adverse mental states may stimulate lymphocyte blastogenesis and natural killer (NK) cell activity resulting in premature loss of the fetus. Further, homozygosity of a lethal gene which is in linkage disequilibrium with HLA genes may have a role in some unexplained fetal deaths.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Perinatal outcome in relation to mode of delivery in meconium stained amniotic fluid.

Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid is a common complication during labour. When facilities like electronic monitoring, foetal blood sampling are not available, it is difficult to decide whether labour should be allowed to continue or caesarean section should be done. Even when caesarean section is done, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) can still occur and considerable morbidity and mortality may result in the newborn. Amino infusion is being considered as useful in decreasing MAS and its sequelae. Before resorting to amino infusion, we decided to analyse the perinatal outcome in meconium stained liquor to compare whether early caesarean section offered any advantage. This is a retrospective study of 150 labours complicated by thick meconium stained liquor, during a 12 month period (1992-93).

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical features of severe malnutrition at the pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan.

A retrospective study on severe malnutrition concerning children hospitalized at the Pediatric ward of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital, Medan from January 1 to December 31, 1988 was conducted. Patients less than five years old were included in this study. The purpose of this study was to know the incidence of severe malnutrition, its symptoms and signs, the immunization status, feeding pattern and socio-economic factors. Out of the 3370 hospitalized patients, 2453 (72.78%) were children under five years old. Of these, 312 (12%) suffered from severe malnutrition. It consisted of marasmus 131 (41.9%), marasmic kwashiorkor 94 (30.1%) and kwashiorkor 87 (27.8%). The highest incidence was found in the age group of 0-2 years (58%). Clinical manifestation of marasmus were old man face (131 or 100%), muscular hypotrophy (118 or 71.9%) and decreased subcutaneous fat (116 or 71.1%) in marasmic kwashiorkor children 46 or 50% had their hair easily picked out, 45 or 46.3% showed hyperpigmentation and 48 or 52% had pretibial edema in the kwashiorkor group 29 or 63% had moon face, 52 or 60.4% showed crazy pavement dermatosis, 77 or 51.3% had hepatomegaly and 87 or 48% pretebial edema. Moon face was seen in 29 (63%), crazy Pavement Dermatosis in 52 (60.4%), hepatomegaly in 77 (51.3%), and pretebial edema in 87 (48%) of kwashiorkor cases. The accompanying diseases were mostly diarrhea (95%) and bronchopneumonia (22%). Immunization status showed that BCG comprised 50.6%, while DPT III and OPV III in 13.7% and 10.5% respectively and measles only 0.64%. More than half (59.6%) of them were breast-fed up to 6 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Child, Preschool↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric relaxation evoked by captopril (SQ 14,225) in anaesthetized rats.

Captopril-induced gastric motor response, reflected as change in intragastric pressure (IGP) in rats under urethane anaesthesia, was investigated. Single injection (i.v.) of captopril decreased the gastric motor tone in 2 distinct phases: a transient (6-10 min) short-latency relaxation (SLR) was followed by a long-lasting (1 hr) delayed relaxation (DGR). The SLR coincided with the time course of simultaneously evoked changes in the cardiorespiratory parameters by captopril. Neither phase of the gastric relaxation exhibited dose-dependency. The kallikrein inhibitor, aprotinin markedly attenuated both phases of the relaxation, the angiotensin II antagonist saralasin was without significant effect. The DGR was sensitive to subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, bilateral adrenalectomy, propranolol (3 mg/kg) and indomethacin (10 mg/kg), but resistant to guanethidine (5 mg/kg). The SLR was only partially blocked by vagotomy, guanethidine and indomethacin. It was almost abolished by adrenalectomy, though insensitive to propranolol. It is argued that the captopril-induced gastric relaxation, especially the DGR, is predominantly due to the enhanced endogenous kinin activity which reflexly releases adrenal medullary catecholamines by exciting chemosensitive vagal afferents of abdominal origin. This kinin-induced activation of vagal afferents seems to be mediated by prostaglandins.

Adrenalectomy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the small intestine of some species of animals at different stages of growth.

The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GTP), the key enzyme of gamma-glutamyl cycle, was studied in the intestine of new born, suckling and adult animals (rats, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits). In all the four species, the activity of GTP was greater in new borns than in adults. The activity was highest in rats and almost negligible in guinea pigs.

Aging↗