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Biomedical subjects

R R Wing

Publications and source records attributed to R R Wing.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Unexpected decrease in plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol with weight loss.

High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol is inversely related to coronary heart disease prevalence. Despite the fact that obese patients have lower plasma HDL-cholesterol concentrations, there are few prospective studies on the effect of weight loss on HDL-cholesterol. Consequently, plasma lipoprotein levels were measured in 15 obese females before and after a 10 week weight loss program. Mean weight loss was 8.6 +/- 3.9 kg (P less than 0.001). Total plasma cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol did not change significantly. Plasma triglyceride levels decreased (P less than 0.05) as did HDL-cholesterol (P less than 0.02). A subgroup of 11 of the subjects had repeat lipid measurements 8 months after the start of treatment. Mean weight loss at this time was 12.8 +/- 0.8 kg (P less than 0.01). No subject had returned to her pretreatment weight but mean weight loss was not significantly different from the 10 week value. At 8 months all lipid values, including HDL-cholesterol, had returned to their pretreatment value. By multiple regression analysis HDL-cholesterol decreased with increasing relative weight but also decreased with increasing rate of weight loss. These results suggest that negative caloric balance produces a decrease in HDL-cholesterol that in prospective studies may obscure the inverse relationship between HDL-cholesterol and indices of obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Outpatient treatments of obesity: a comparison of methodology and clinical results.

To provide a quantitative comparison of outpatient treatments for obesity, an analysis was made of all such research published between 1966 and 1977. All articles which presented data for five or more healthy outpatients were included. Conclusions were: (1) there has been little improvement in the clinical effectiveness of weight reduction therapy since Stunkard & McLaren-Hume's (1959) review; (2) weight losses produced by different methods, from behavior therapy to anorectic medication, are very much the same; (3) the in-treatment results of diet therapies are the largest of those reviewed and deserve further attention; (4) behavior therapy produces the best maintenance of weight losses, although data from other types of therapy are very scanty; and (5) techniques for motivating clients to adhere to treatment recommendations are needed for improvement in the future. Recommendations for improving the methodology of weight-control research are also presented.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Who reports receiving advice to lose weight? Results from a multistate survey.

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity are increasingly prevalent in the United States. The prevalence of health care provider advice to lose weight is not clear. METHODS: We examined the percentage of individuals who reported being advised to lose weight by a health care practitioner in the past year by population subgroup. Participants were individuals in the 10 states participating in the 1996 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, which assessed advice to lose weight, hypertension awareness, and cholesterol awareness. RESULTS: The prevalence of reporting advice to lose weight was most strongly associated with body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) and weight-related comorbidities. In individuals with a BMI of 25 to 27, only 5.6% of those with no comorbidities and 13.6% of those with comorbidities received advice. These rates were increased to 32.4% and 47.3%, respectively, in those with a BMI greater than 30. Middle-aged individuals, those with more education, and those living in the northeast were also more likely to receive advice. Receiving advice to maintain weight was reported by only 2. 5% of respondents. Receiving advice to lose weight was strongly associated with trying to lose weight, especially in those with a BMI of 25 to 27, where 77.5% who received advice reported trying to lose weight vs 33.4% of those who did not receive advice. CONCLUSIONS: Advice to lose weight is uncommon and is given primarily to those who are already obese, are middle-aged, and have comorbidities. Practitioners may be missing important opportunities to counsel mildly overweight individuals to lose weight or to maintain their weight and thereby prevent comorbidities.

Adolescent↗