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Biomedical subjects

R R Jones

Publications and source records attributed to R R Jones.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia and dermal T-cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: T-cell receptor (TCR)-gamma gene rearrangements provide a specific clonal marker for T-cell malignancies of both the alpha beta and gamma delta varieties. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was used in this study for investigation of clonal TCR-gamma gene rearrangements in a patient with a classical presentation of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD) that subsequently progressed into an indolent form of dermal T-cell lymphoma. METHODS: TCR gene rearrangements in patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) were examined using conventional Southern blot analysis and a newly developed PCR-based technique for clonal TCR gene rearrangements. The oligoprimers amplified rearranged V gamma and J gamma segments (including the N region) of the TCR-gamma gene, and PCR products were resolved using high resolution nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The authors' results demonstrated good correlation between the two techniques in 10 patients with CTCL (9 patients with C beta and 1 patient with delta 2 rearrangements) and 10 control subjects. The PCR-based technique allowed the authors to detect the presence of an identical T-cell clone in all skin nodules, but not in the original lymph node affected by AILD. CONCLUSIONS: This PCR-based method for detecting clonal TCR rearrangements is a highly sensitive and specific technique for detecting T-cell clones in fresh and paraffin embedded tissues. The presence of a T-cell clone in all skin nodules of this patient, but not in the original lymph node affected by AILD, confirms previous findings that in some cases of AILD, clonal T-cell expansion may not be detectable until a later stage of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Distribution of airborne mouse allergen in a major mouse breeding facility.

BACKGROUND: Occupational allergy to mice is a major cause of disability among workers in mouse breeding and research facilities. Efforts to prevent and treat allergy require a detailed knowledge of exposure levels to allergen. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to quantitate the level of major mouse allergen (Mus m I) in central room air and immediate breathing zones under a variety of working conditions. METHODS: An Andersen sampler (Groseby Andersen, Spirotech Div., Atlanta, Ga.) was used to collect allergen in each room. A Gillian Personal sampler (Gillian Instrument Corp., West Caldwell, N.J.) collected particles in the worker breathing zone. ELISA was used to quantitate the concentration of Mus m I collected on the two collection devices. RESULTS: Total Mus m I recovered from Andersen samplers ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 ng/m3 in rooms without mice and 0.5 to 15.1 ng/m3 in rooms with mice. Allergen recovered from the zone of worker activity ranged from 1.2 to 2.7 ng/m3 in rooms without mice and from 16.6 to 563.0 ng/m3 in rooms with mice. Direct mouse contact was associated with the highest levels of exposure to Mus m I. Analysis revealed the bulk of allergen to be in mid-particle size ranges (3.3 to 10 microns) for mouse-containing rooms and in small particle size range (0.43 to 3.3 microns) for non-mouse-containing rooms, suggesting that small particles were carried along corridors from rooms with mice into non-mouse-containing rooms. Ventilation characteristics of rooms and mouse population density were evaluated with a "mouse loading" index (number of mice per cubic meter of ventilated air per hour). Mouse loading correlated strongly with small particles (< 3.3 microns) in ambient air. CONCLUSIONS: Mus m I is widely distributed within mouse breeding facilities. Direct worker contact with mice seems to be the major factor in high level exposure.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1994

Lichen scrofulosorum in a patient with AIDS.

A patient with AIDs who presented with pulmonary tuberculosis and cervical scrofuloderma developed a widespread eruption of lichenoid papules shortly after commencing antituberculous therapy. The clinical and histological features in this case were consistent with lichen scrofulosorum even though the tuberculin test was negative. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of lichen scrofulosorum in an HIV positive patient. The lesions cleared following 8 weeks of antituberculous therapy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Tufted haemangioma responding to high-dose systemic steroids: a case report and review of the literature.

Tufted haemangioma is a rare, acquired vascular tumour most commonly presenting in the first year of life. Some authors consider angioblastoma of Nakagawa and progressive capillary haemangioma to be the same condition, and include them in the lobular capillary haemangioma complex. There have been only a few case reports of tufted angioma in the literature, with little information on effective treatment. We describe a case of tufted angioma presenting in a 3-month-old girl. Because of the tumour's rapid growth, aggressive treatment was felt to be justified. There was no response to interferon alpha-2a but high-dose steroids were commenced with good results.

Buttocks↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of cell adhesion molecule expression in cutaneous leucocytoclastic and lymphocytic vasculitis.

AIMS: To compare the expression of the cell adhesion molecules intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), ELAM-1 (E-selectin), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in cutaneous leucocytoclastic and lymphocytic vasculitis. METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on early lesional skin biopsy specimens of leucocytoclastic vasculitis (n = 14), lymphocytic vasculitis (n = 10), non-lesional skin (n = 12), and normal skin (n = 5). A standard immunoperoxidase technique was used to detect expression of ICAM-1, E-selectin, VCAM-1, and the cell markers CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, von Willebrand factor, CD3, CD68, and neutrophil elastase (NP57). RESULTS: Basal keratinocyte intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was expressed in eight (80%) cases of lymphocytic and in only one (7%) case of leucocytoclastic vasculitis, and not in non-lesional skin or control biopsy specimens from normal subjects. E-selectin was expressed on vascular endothelium in eight (57%) cases of leucocytoclastic and in seven (70%) cases of lymphocytic vasculitis. Endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression was seen in three (21%) biopsy specimens of leucocytoclastic and five (50%) of lymphocytic vasculitis. There were increased numbers of cells in the dermal infiltrate stained for NP57, CD11b, and CD11c in leucocytoclastic compared with lymphocytic vasculitis (p < 0.001, p = 0.013, p = 0.009, respectively); immunoreactive positive cells for CD3 and CD11a were increased in lymphocytic compared with leucocytoclastic vasculitis (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These observations indicate that upregulation of adhesion molecule expression occurs in both leucocytoclastic and lymphocytic vasculitis. The different patterns of adhesion molecule expression in the two groups of vasculitis may reflect differences in the local release of cytokines. In particular, detection of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression by keratinocytes in lymphocytic vasculitis is consistent with an active role for mediators derived from T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of the lesion.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1994

A trial of oral zinc supplementation in psoriasis.

A controlled double-blind study of oral zinc supplementation was performed in twenty-five patients with chronic plaque psoriasis over twelve weeks to assess changes in both psoriasis (using the psoriasis area and severity index) and neutrophil zinc content. There were no statistically significant differences in the psoriasis area and severity index during the trial between the placebo- and zinc-treated group, nor in the zinc levels. There was therefore no evidence of a benefit from zinc supplementation in patients with this disease.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Corneal complications after cataract surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Peripheral ulcerative keratopathy and necrotizing scleritis have been reported in rheumatoid arthritis patients after cataract surgery, but the incidence of these complications during the immediate postoperative period is unknown. We retrospectively studied 70 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a total of 86 cataract extractions between 1973 and 1988. Only 15 of the patients had a preoperative history of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The best corrected postoperative visual acuity was greater than or equal to 20/30 in 81% of eyes. No episodes of scleritis or peripheral ulcerative keratopathy occurred during the 8-week postoperative period. Three patients (all from the sicca group) developed diffuse superficial punctate keratopathy and/or filamentary keratitis. Results suggest that serious corneal complications after cataract surgery are uncommon in rheumatoid arthritis patients similar to the population found in our study (95% Poisson confidence interval 0-6.6%).

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Increased sensory neuropeptides in nodular prurigo: a quantitative immunohistochemical analysis.

Seven patients with nodular prurigo, five patients with lichenified eczema and seven control volunteers were studied immunohistochemically using antisera to the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP), and the neuropeptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and the C-flanking region of neuropeptide Y (C-PON). PGP-, CGRP- and SP-immunoreactivities were also evaluated using image analysis quantification, and the data compared by statistical analysis. No significant changes were noted in the lichenified skin of patients with chronic eczema, compared with the control groups. In contrast, a significant increase in PGP immunoreactive nerve fibers was seen in lesional skin of all nodular prurigo cases studied, when compared with non-lesional skin from the same patient or from control subjects (P < 0.001). In one case massive neural hyperplasia was also identified. Staining for CGRP and SP showed a large increase of immunoreactive nerves in lesional skin of nodular prurigo patients, which closely paralleled that of PGP. Staining with VIP, C-PON and TH was similar in both lesional and non-lesional skin. These results indicate that neural changes in nodular prurigo are associated with an increase of sensory neuropeptides, which could be related to the intense pruritus which accompanies nodular prurigo. The absence of significant changes in lichenified skin suggests that the increase in CGRP- and SP-immunoreactive nerve fibres is a characteristic feature of nodular prurigo and may be important in its pathogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ozone depletion and its effects on human populations.

Concern about the ozone-depleting potential of man-made chemicals has led the United Nations to control their usage. Under the present arrangements, fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons, halons and carbon tetrachloride will be phased out by the year 2000, and methylchloroform by the year 2005. Even so, atmospheric chlorine is expected to rise to seven times its natural level, so further ozone losses and greater ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure can be expected over heavily populated areas of the globe. Calculating changes in skin cancer incidence is a two-stage process which must take account of the increase in biologically effective UVB that results from an ozone loss of 1% (optical amplification factor, OAF) and the percentage increase in skin cancer incidence that results from a 1% increase in annual UV dose (biological amplification factor, BAF). Epidemiological data provide a BAF value of approximately 1.7 for basal cell carcinoma and 3.0 for squamous cell carcinoma. The absorption spectrum of ozone and the increased carcinogenic impact of UV radiation around 300 nm results in a value for OAF of approximately 1.6%; thus a 10% loss of ozone, if sufficiently sustained, would eventually increase the incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinomas by almost 30% and 50%, respectively. Dermatologists, therefore, need to look carefully at the environment in order to safeguard the health of future generations.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1992

The clinicopathological features of familial cylindromas and trichoepitheliomas (Brooke-Spiegler syndrome): a report of two families.

We have studied four patients from two families and obtained the clinical data from four other affected family members who demonstrated the coexistence of multiple cylindromas and trichoepitheliomas. An autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with variable penetrance was exhibited in both families, with a female to male ratio of 3:1. The clinical and pathological features of this rare association are discussed.

Adult↗