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Biomedical subjects

R R Fox

Publications and source records attributed to R R Fox.

105 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of rabbit strain on activity level and cytotoxicity of serum complement.

Serum samples from about 10 males and 10 females from each of 16 genetically defined strains of rabbits and from one hybrid were tested as sources of complement for the microtiter lymphocytotoxicity test. Lymph nodes from mice of strain B10.A/Sn were used as the target cells with a strong H-2 alloantiserum. Results indicate marked strain differences. Rabbit serum from a hybrid between the two best strains IIIC/J and IIIVO/J was almost as satisfactory as the parental strains and better than all other strains tested in this system, indicating a genetic basis for the response. The results of testing aliquots of these serum samples against other test systems including human cell lines will have to be in hand before a general statement can be made, but preliminary unpublished data against lymph nodes from A/HeJ and C3H/HeJ strain mice and tumor cells from an ascites form of a sarcoma Sal-A are encouraging and suggest a consistent superiority of the two strains and the hybrid between them referred to above.

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Inherited enzyme variation among JAX strains of domestic rabbits.

Twelve proteins were assayed for electrophoretic polymorphism in inbred and partially inbred JAX strains of the domestic rabbit. Four enzymes (mannosephosphate isomerase, soluble and mitochondrial malic enzyme, and methemoglobin reductase) were determined to be genetically polymorphic.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genetics and pathology of hereditary adrenal hyperplasia in the rabbit: a model for congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia.

One-hundred-twenty-nine cases of adrenal hyperplasia in the rabbit were shown to be associated with a fully penetrant autosomal recessive gene, symbolized ah. The mutant is viable prenatally, may be recognized by gross examination of the adrenal at least as early as 19 days of gestation, but dies soon after birth. There is an external feminizing effect of the gene and the model is similar to the feminizing congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia reported in man. This mutant is being maintained in strain IIIVO/ahJ.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Origin of the B/J, R/J, and Y/J strains of rabbits.

The inbreeding of strains B/J, Y/J, and R/J, formerly designated ACCR(B), ACCR(Y), and ACCR(R), was started by full brother X sister inbreeding by C. Cohen to test the effect of inbreeding on the selective value of the different blood group genes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of rabbit strain on activity level and cytotoxicity of serum complement. II. Comparison of five murine target cells.

Serum samples from about 10 males and 10 females from each of 15 genetically defined strains of rabbits and from one hybrid were tested as sources of complement for the microtiter lymphocytotoxicity test using as target cells lymph node cells from C3H/HeJ, B10/Sn, BALB/cJ, and DBA/2J strain mice. The lynph node cells were tested with appropriate H-2 alloantisera. Results indicated marked strain differences. Correlation analysis of these data with data using primarily aliquots from the same serum samples tested against lymph node cells from B10.A/Sn mice showed clearly that a genetically defined population of rabbits that provided serum of high quality for one of these test systems would in general work reasonably well in any one of the other four. The correlation coefficients in all possible combinations ranged from +0.49 to +0.92. Of the five strains tested, the results obtained from BALB/cJ appear to be the best predictors of the results in the other four strains (r values were +0.74, +0.57, "0.76, and +0.92). Studies are in progress to test rabbit serum complement samples against the more demanding tumor cells.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of rabbit strain on activity level and cytotoxicity of serum complement. III. Comparison of four tumor target cells.

Serum samples from about 10 males and 10 females from each of 15 genetically defined strains of rabbits and from one hybrid were tested as sources of complement for the microtiter lymphocytotoxicity test using tumor cells from SaI-A, 6C3HED-A, BW5147, and L-cells as target cells. The tumor cells were tested with appropriate H-2 antisera. Results indicated strain differences particularly evident when the target cells were eithter 6C3HED-A or L-cells. BW5147 worked well with most all strains and SaI-A was extremely demanding of all strains of rabbits. However, strains IIIC/J, IIIVO/J and the F1 hybrid between them were still among the six best strains when tested against the tumor cells as they were when tested against the lymph nodes in previously published data. Strain WH/J which carries the gene, ha, for hereditary lymphosarcoma, proved to be a good complement source with SaI-A and 6C3HED-A, both sarcoma in nature. However, it was not a good complement source with BW5147, a lymphatic leukemia, or L-cells. This is possible evidence for a common tumor antigen associated with lymphosarcoma.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Hereditary macrostomus in the rabbit: a model for Treacher Collins syndrome, one form of mandibulofacial dysostosis.

Macrostomus in the rabbit was diagnosed externally by the presence of papillae at the corners of the mouth. Internally the effect is on the zygomatic complex and is extremely variable. Inheritance appears to be due to a single autosomal recessive gene with incomplete penetrance. We propose the symbol mst for the gene responsible for this condition. Evidence is presented to suggest that this gene is very likely in linkage group IV. Macrostomus in the rabbit is a model for the Treacher Collins syndrome, one form of mandibulofacial dysostosis in humans.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inheritance of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol seizure susceptibility in rabbits.

Delta 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the major psychoactive ingredient of marijuana, causes nonfatal convulsions in rabbits of a closed colony of New Zealand White rabbits (Uaz: NZW). The convulsive phenotype appears to be associated with homozygous expression of a single autosomal recessive gene with full penetrance. We propose the symbol thc for the gene responsible for this condition. We also propose that this closed colony of New Zealand White rabbits at the University of Arizona, in which the thc gene is segragating, be designated Uaz:NZW-thc.

Animals↗
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Ascorbate concentration in tissues from normal and buphthalmic rabbits.

Previous studies show a progressive lowering of ascorbate concentration in the aqueous humor from rabbits with hereditary buphthalmus, depending on the severity of the buphthalmus. In this study, the ascorbate concentration of different tissues from age-matched adult buphthalmic and control rabbits were analyzed to determine whether a defect of ascorbate transport occurs in a variety of tissues from rabbits with hereditary buphthalmus. Our results showed that ascorbate changes were observed only in ocular tissues. The lowering of ascorbate concentration occurs only in lens and cornea, which depend on the aqueous humor to deliver ascorbate from the blood. The tissues that derive ascorbate directly from the blood, such as the ciliary body-iris and retina of buphthalmic eyes, have normal ascorbate concentration. It has been postulated that ascorbate is oxidized in the ciliary body-iris to facilitate its transport across the epithelium. A defect in the buphthalmic eyes to oxidize ascorbate could be the primary cause of lowering ascorbate concentration in the aqueous humor.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum lipoprotein allotypes in inbred strains of rabbits.

Serum lipoprotein allotypes were examined for 10 males and 10 female rabbits from each of 16 genetically defined strains. The results suggested that the four allotypes, Lpq 1, Lpq2, Lpq3, and Lpq4, were controlled by three closely linked genes, IpqA, IpqB, and IpqC. Gene IpqA, controlling the expression of the Lpq1 and Lpq2 allotypes, and gene IpqB controlling the expression of the Lpq3 allotype, show limited polymorphisms.

Alleles↗
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Vitamin A, beta carotene, and hereditary buphthalmus in the rabbit.

Rabbits with hereditary buphthalmus, AXBU/J strain, were fed various levels of supplementary vitamin A or its precursor beta carotene, in addition to a vitamin A deficient diet, to test the hypothesis that the bu gene acts by reducing either the conversion of beta carotene to vitamin A or the utilization of vitamin A. Measurements were taken on an age series of skulls of manifest and of prodromal buphthalmics to see if there were any observable differences in optic foramen size associated with the clinical manifestations of buphthalmus. Constriction of the optic nerve by bone alteration has been reported to be associated with vitamin A deficiency. The original hypothesis was not a tenable one as the rabbit with hereditary buphthalmus readily converted beta carotene to vitamin A, no bony changes in the optic foramen were observed with manifest buphthalmus, high levels of beta carotene or vitamin A were unable to block the clinical development of buphthalmia, and no correlation was observed between intraocular pressure and serum vitamin A levels in rabbits fed either beta carotene or pure vitamin A.

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PubMedDate not supplied

Narrow axis: an inherited anomaly of the second cervical vertebra in the rabbit.

Narrow axis, an inherited anomaly resulting in a marked narrowing of the second cervical vertebra, has been observed in strain X/J rabbits. This condition is first recognizable on X rays at 32-33 days gestation. For size comparisons 21 measurements of the first five cervical vertebrae were taken on the skeletons of each of 14 strain X/J animals (7 normal and 7 with narrow axis) and 14 IIIC/J animals for control at two months of age and 27 strain X/J (11 normal and 16 narrow axis) and 14 strain IIIC/J at seven months of age. The primary effect appeared to be a premature fusion of the centrum with its neural arches. Expression is variable. The effect on the posterior articulation of the atlas appeared to be secondary and adaptive. The other cervical vertebrae and the foramen magnum were relatively unaffected. In the 20-year period encompassed in this report, X rays of 3244 rabbits were used for genetic analysis. Inheritance appears to be due to a single autosomal recessive gene with incomplete penetrance. The condition is neither sex-linked nor sex-limited. We propose the symbol nx for the gene responsible for narrow axis in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fibrinogen concentration in the aqueous humor of buphthalmic rabbits.

Fibrinogen concentration in the aqueous humor of buphthalmic rabbits, AXBU/J, and those of the normal parent strain AX/J are 0.36 +/- 0.14 and 0.08 +/- 0.01 mg/ml, respectively. There was no detectable fibrinogen in the aqueous humor of normal inbred strain III/J rabbits. Among the buphthalmic rabbits, elevated fibrinogen concentration in the aqueous humor was observed in two month old prodromal rabbits, indicating a small leakage of fibrinogen into the anterior chamber before the development of buphthalmia. Protein concentration in the aqueous humor was close to normal, in spite of an elevated level of fibrinogen in the young buphthalmic rabbits. Severe protein leakage was seen in only some of the old buphthalmic rabbits.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hereditary vestigial pulmonary arterial trunk and related defects in rabbits.

In a population of IIIVO/J rabbits at the Jackson Laboratory a vestigial pulmonary arterial trunk is the commonest expression of a malformation involving the heart and great vessels. There appears to be a series of effects from a completely absent pulmonary trunk through a vestigial but patent pulmonary trunk and/or pulmonary valve stenosis on the one hand to a vestigial or absent ascending aorta on the other. In a few cases the pulmonary trunk is bulbous and the ductus arteriosus is vestigial or absent. In almost all cases of this syndrome, there is also a high ventricular septal defect. The animals appear perfectly normal in every other respect. In its extreme forms this mutation is lethal, but those few animals that are somewhat less severely affected may live for a short time. No effect was seen on birth weight or litter size. Inheritance of vestigial pulmonary arterial trunk appears to be due to two autosomal recessive factors both of which must be homozygous for the expression of the condition. We propose the symbols vpt-1 and vpt-2 for the genes responsible for vestigial pulmonary arterial trunk and its related abnormalities.

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