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Biomedical subjects

R Nemoto

Publications and source records attributed to R Nemoto.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Pheochromocytoma of the urinary bladder revealed with cerebral hemorrhage.

The case was a 51-year-old man, who has been undergoing treatment with oral medication for hypertension for three years. The patient was admitted to the author's clinic for hemorrhage in the left putamen. He was diagnosed as having primary pheochromocytoma of the bladder from such symptoms as paroxysmal blood pressure elevation after urination, mild increase in catecholamine levels before and after urination, and from the results of 131I-MIBG scintigraphy, and cystoscopy, and underwent excision of the bladder tumor. Upon endocrinological examination, only mild increases in catecholamine levels were found. Therefore, constant monitoring of blood pressure and 131I-MIBG scintigraphy were useful for a definitive diagnose.

Catecholamines↗
PubMed2000

Beneficial effects of interferon-alpha in a case with Behçet's disease.

At the age of 20 years, a Japanese man with recurrent oral aphthae, genital ulcers, folliculitis, erythema nodosum, episodic arthritis and epididymitis was diagnosed as having Behcet's disease (BD) in 1966. He has had active ocular manifestations of BD since 1990. These symptoms recurred and never abated for a long period of time. A right renal cell carcinoma developed and he underwent right nephrectomy in April 1996. Treatment with interferon-alpha was started from June 1996 as supplemental chemotherapy. No active phase developed during administration of IFN-alpha. We suggest that IFN-alpha may play a role as an immunomodulatory agent in BD.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1997

Association between angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism and clinical features in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.

We investigated the association between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism and clinical manifestations in 47 patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). One-hundred, age- and sex-matched subjects with non-ADPKD served as the controls. ACE gene polymorphism was analysed using a GeneAnp kit. Renal size was determined by abdominal CT scan, by adding the longitudinal axis of each kidney. Incidence of extrarenal complication was also examined. Out of 47 patients, 24 patients (51%) were II, 18 (38%) ID and 5 (11%) DD type. The frequencies of the I and D alleles as well as the distributions of ACE genotypes in ADPKD did not differ from those in controls. The number of patients undertaking renal replacement therapy was 11 in II (46%), 6 (33%) in ID and 2 (40%) in DD genotype, respectively, that was not significantly different among the groups. The mean age of the initiation of renal replacement therapy did not vary among the three genotypes. The slopes of 1/serum creatinine did not differ between II and ID genotypes, whose initial serum creatinine levels ranged from 1.5 to 2.5 mg/dl. Renal size, blood pressure, and extrarenal complications including liver cysts and cardiac valvular disease were unrelated to the ACE genotypes. The present data suggested the irrelevance of ACE gene polymorphism in clinical manifestations in patients with ADPKD.

Genotype↗
PubMed1997

Serum pyridinoline crosslinks as markers of tumour-induced bone resorption.

OBJECTIVE: To assess serum pyridinoline (Py) and deoxypyridinoline (dPy), using a new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, as a serum marker to determine the incidence of metastatic bone disease in an animal model and in the monitoring of patients with or without metastatic bone disease from prostate cancer and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female C3H/He mice (8-12 weeks old) received a subcutaneous injection of tumour-cell suspensions of serially transplanted MBT tumours. The tumour cells induced osteolysis associated with osteoclast proliferation and serum samples were evaluated for Py and dPy using HPLC. The growth of the tumour macroscopically and histologically, and the extent of bone loss assessed by radiography, were compared with the serum Py and dPy level. In the clinical study, patients with or without bone metastases from RCC (24 patients) or prostate cancer (37 patients) were monitored using the same techniques and the number and extent of bone metastases compared with serum Py and dPy levels both in these patients and in 84 healthy control subjects. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between the bone loss evaluated by radiography and the level of serum Py in the animal model. Patients with bone metastases from RCC had higher values of Py and dPy than patients without known metastatic bone disease. The serum Py level increased in two patients as metastatic bone disease progressed. Similarly, in patients with prostate cancer, the mean level of serum Py and dPy was higher in patients with bone metastasis than in the control group, and also higher than that in patients without metastases. The serum Py and dPy levels could also distinguish patients with metastatic bone disease with and without a lytic component. CONCLUSION: Measurements of serum Py appear to provide a good index of increased bone resorption induced by experimental tumours and in patients with bone metastases from RCC and prostate cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Prognosis of renal cell carcinoma and detection of numerical chromosome aberration].

Identification of numerical abberations of chromosome #3, #7, #11, #17, #18, X and Y were evaluated using biotinylated probes specific for the alpha satellite region on paraffin embedded sections from formalin-fixed materials of renal cell carcinoma utilizing in situ hybridization (ISH). The copy number of each chromosome did not show any correlation with tumor grade, clinical (Robson) stage, pT, pN, pV or the presence of metastasis. Copy numbers of #3 chromosome were highly correlated with the patient prognosis (p < 0.01). Since numerical abberations of #3 chromosome are suggested to be correlated with the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma, this technique can now be applied to the detection of biological activity in renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Numerical chromosome aberrations in bladder cancer detected by in situ hybridization.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between interphase cytogenetics and the grade and stage of bladder cancer in patients with transitional cell carcinomas of the urinary bladder. PATIENTS AND METHODS: By use of in situ hybridization with chromosome-specific DNA probes, the copy number of pericentromeric sequences on chromosomes 7, 10, 11, 17, 18, X and Y was detected within interphase nuclei in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of the routinely processed bladder cancers from 20 patients. The percentage of hyperdiploid cells (three or more spots) was estimated using light microscopy. RESULTS: The percentage of hyperdiploid cells for chromosomes 7, 11 and 17 was highly correlated with increasing tumour grade (P < 0.01, Spearman rank correlation) or increasing pathological stage (P < 0.01). The percentage of hyperdiploid cells for chromosome Y was not correlated with either grade or stage (P > 0.05). As high tumour grade and stage are both indicative of more aggressive tumour behaviour and a worse prognosis, these findings suggest that the percentage of hyperdiploid cells, especially for chromosomes 7, 11 and 17, may be highly predictive of bladder tumour aggressiveness. CONCLUSION: These preliminary results suggest that measurement of numerical chromosome aberrations using in situ hybridization in bladder cancer may offer a new objective and quantitative assay of the biological potential of individual tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen cyclin in human transitional cell carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES: To confirm the value of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labelling index in relation to histological grade, stage and prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue specimens from 56 patients (49 men, 7 women; mean age 65 years [range 34-86]) with newly diagnosed transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder were stained by an avidin-biotin peroxidase method using an anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on ethanol-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections obtained by endoscopic biopsy or transurethral resection (TUR). The PCNA labelling index was determined by counting the number of PCNA-labelled cells in the tissue sections. RESULTS: Grade 1 tumours averaged 5.1 +/- 3.0% labelling versus 10.9 +/- 5.2% in grade 2 tumours, and grade 3 tumours had a PCNA labelling index of 21.8 +/- 10.4%. The average labelling indices for superficial tumour (37 patients) and invasive tumour (19 patients) were 7.5 +/- 5.3% and 20.8 +/- 10.0%, respectively. A distant metastatic bladder tumour showed an average labelling index of 42.3%. To analyse survival, tumours with PCNA indices above and below the median level (12%) were compared. Those patients with an index of < 12% (the mean of all of the PCNA values) had a worse prognosis than those with an index of > 12%. The mean PCNA labelling indices in recurrent and non-recurrent tumours were 6.4 +/- 0.7% and 8.2 +/- 1.7%, respectively, statistically not significant. CONCLUSION: The higher PCNA labelling index may indicate biological malignancy. These results suggest that measurement of the PCNA labelling index in bladder cancer may prove to be an objective and quantitative assay of biological aggressiveness and provide significant prognostic information, though it does not help to select patients at high risk of recurrence in superficial tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[The role of the vertebral veins in the dissemination of prostate carcinoma].

A total of 75 prostate cancer and 67 lung cancer patients with positive bone scintigrams were studied. The patterns of spread of tumors to various bones were different between the 2 groups. The differences in the distribution of bony metastases between the prostate and lung are explained by the role of Batson's vertebral venous plexus.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1995

[A comparative study of DNA measurement of bladder cancer from image cytometry and chromosome aberration in in situ hybridization].

The relationship between interphase cytogenetics and the DNA index measuring SCM of bladder cancer was investigated in 17 patients with bladder tumor. By in situ hybridization, the copy number of chromosomes 1, 7, 10, 11, 17, 18, X and Y was detected. The percentage of hyperdiploid cells for chromosomes 7 and 17 was highly correlated with the increasing DNA index. Since a high DNA index is both indicative of more aggressive tumor behavior and a worse prognosis, these findings suggest that the percentage of hyperdiploid cells, especially for chromosome 7 and 17, may be highly predictive of bladder tumor aggressiveness.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1994

[Detection of numerical chromosome aberrations in human sperm nuclei using in situ hybridization from formarin-fixed clot sections].

It has been shown that molecular cytogenetics in interphase nuclei is applicable to human sperm nuclei from formarin-fixed clot sections utilizing in situ hybridization (ISH). Ejaculates from a normal volunteer were studied utilizing biotinylated DNA probes specific for the alpha satellite region for numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 and Y. With respect to the appearance of the ISH signal, optical concentration and time for the digestion enzyme has to be established essentially. This allows precise identification of numerical abnormalities of chromosome in sperm nuclei without disruption of the morphology. This technique can now be applied to the detection of chromosomal aneuploidy in human sperm from patients with male infertility.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1994

[Development of spinal bone metastasis by MBT-2 tumor in mice].

The biology of skeletal metastasis is poorly understood. In order to establish an animal model of spinal bone metastasis, we injected MBT-2 tumor cells into the tail vein of C3H/He mice while the inferior vena cava was occluded. By this technique, the tumor cells were transferred into the vertebral plexus. Spinal lesions developed in 12 of 15 (80%) experimental mice and in none of the control mice. All bone lesions resulted in local bone destruction. The predominant site of bone metastasis was lumbarvertebrae; other affected sites were thrpelvis and coccyges. This model should be of value in understanding the pathogenesis of spinal bone metastasis and in studying the effects of various agents on the prevention and control of spinal lesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of prostatic carcinoma with UFT and leucovorin--basic study using SRCA].

Combination effect of UFT and leucovorin against the rat prostatic carcinoma (R-3327) was evaluated by the subrenal capsular assay (SRCA) using nude mice. Anticancer effect of UFT was augmented by co-administration of both low and high dose leucovorin. These results suggest a clinical usefulness of UFT administration with leucovorin for the patients with hormonally refractory advanced prostatic carcinoma.

Animals↗