Detection of Epstein-Barr viral DNA in aggressive CD8+ T cell leukaemic cells.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
R Nakamura
Publications and source records attributed to R Nakamura.
Survey of a receptor protein in human erythrocytes for hemagglutinin of Porphyromonas gingivalis.
The purpose of this study is to survey a receptor protein in human erythrocyte membrane for the hemagglutinin (HA) of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Human erythrocytes were modified by either chymotrypsin or P. gingivalis HA along with the disappearance of their hemagglutinating ability and the removal of the band 3 protein. By preparative electrophoresis, this protein was isolated and purified from human erythrocytes. The purified protein showed strong inhibitory activity for hemagglutination and the binding to P. gingivalis cells, whose binding sites were calculated to be approximately 9000, suggesting its binding to the active site of HA. Hemagglutinin purified from P. gingivalis by affinity absorption to sheep erythrocyte ghosts possessed strong trypsin-like activity, and both the HA and the enzyme activities were inhibited by arginine. Specific modification of arginyl residues in human erythrocytes by phenylglyoxal diminished the hemagglutinating ability. From the similarity of the inhibition profile and possible active sites between HA and the trypsin-like protease, it is suggested that hemagglutination may occur as a result of the primary reaction of the enzyme (protease) and the substrate. These results suggest that band 3 may be a key protein in human erythrocyte membrane for HA from P. gingivalis and its binding sites may be arginyl residues of the protein.
Aminopeptidases↗
Computer-assisted gait training (CAGT) of hemiparetic stroke patients: whose recovery is most predictable?
Maximum walking speed for 10 m distance of 109 hemiparetic stroke patients was examined every week for 7 weeks after starting computer-assisted gait training (CAGT), and the relation between the time since stroke onset (x) and the maximum walking speed (y) was approximated by a hyperbolic function, y = A-B/x. The patients were divided into two groups, 91 cases with a significant fit of the function (fit group) and 18 without fit (non-fit). The gain of maximum walking speed during 7 weeks was larger in the fit group, compared to the non-fit. Computed tomography examination revealed that the significant fit was mostly expected in patients with the caspular lesion without the cortical involvements except the frontal. The time at which the maximum walking speed of the patients belonging to the fit group would reach the midst of the estimated full recovery of gait can be predicted at the start of CAGT (R2 = 0.955), using two variables: the time since stroke onset and the maximum walking speed.
Brain↗
Recovery of impaired motor function of the upper extremity after stroke.
Manual function score (MFS) of 174 hemiparetic stroke patients was examined every week for 8 weeks after starting the occupational therapy with programs based on MFS recovery profile, and the relation between the time since stroke onset (x) and MFS (y) was approximated by a hyperbolic function, y = A - B/x. The patients were classified into two groups, 125 cases (71.8%) with statistically significant fit of the function (fit group) and 49 without fit (non-fit). Using demographic and neurological variables of each patient, characteristics of the patients with regular recovery were analyzed. The results indicated that the gain of MFS during 8 weeks of the therapy was large in the fit group compared to the non-fit, and the regular recovery could be mostly expected in rather young patients, those with early start of the therapy, and those without ataxia, mental deterioration, and cortical lesions.
Arm↗
Somatosensory conduction delay in central and peripheral nervous system of diabetic patients.
Fifty-four diabetic patients with or without clinical evidence of neuropathy and with no clinical evidence of CNS dysfunction were studied by somatosensory-evoked potentials after electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist and recorded from the scalp electrode against a noncephalic reference. Peripheral conduction index, calculated as the distance from the wrist to the C7 spinous process divided by the P9 latency, was significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) in diabetic patients (69.81 +/- 6.47 m/s) compared with 28 age-matched nondiabetic subjects (76.85 +/- 5.65 m/s). The P11-P13 interpeak latency, representative of the transit time from the dorsal column at the level of the sensory input into the cervical cord to the brain stem along the somatosensory pathways (CCT1), and the P13-N19 interpeak latency, representative of the transit time from the brain stem to the somatosensory cortex (CCT2), were significantly increased in diabetic patients (CCT1, 2.51 +/- 0.63 ms; CCT2, 5.76 +/- 0.92 ms) compared with nondiabetic subjects (CCT1, 2.28 +/- 0.36 ms, P less than 0.05; CCT2, 5.18 +/- 0.51 ms, P less than 0.01). We conclude that, in diabetic patients, neurophysiological abnormalities may be present in two distinct parts of the CNS and the peripheral nervous system.
Blood Pressure↗
[Multivariate analysis of the clinical signs in late cortical cerebellar atrophy (LCCA) in Japan--compared with olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and hereditary cortical cerebellar atrophy (HCCA)].
We investigated the clinical features of 179 patients with late cortical cerebellar atrophy (LCCA) comparing with 382 patients with olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA) and 91 patients with hereditary cortical cerebellar atrophy (HCCA) using multivariate analysis. They had no significant difference in durations from onset. Disorders of finger-nose test were of more severity and disorders of heel-knee test were less involved in LCCA than in HCCA. Eye movements tended to be normal in LCCA. LCCA showed more depressive and euphoric character than OPCA and HCCA. Analysis of LCCA and OPCA demonstrated that LCCA revealed hypotonia in muscles, normal or weak reactions of muscle stretch reflexes. There existed 21.4 percent of cases which could not be discriminated by multivariate analysis using clinical signs in LCCA and OPCA. Multivariate analysis of LCCA and HCCA, which are very similar in clinical signs, showed 66.3 percent of discriminatory rate. Thus, we could diagnose them to a certain extent only by clinical signs.
Aged↗
[Three-phase bone scintigraphy of Kienböck disease].
Thirty-three joints in 31 patients of Kienböck disease were evaluated with three-phase bone scintigraphy. Follow-up studies were performed in 19 cases of them. The patients with increased ulnar blood flow on arterial phase and ample perfusion on venous phase in angiograms showed good clinical prognosis. This ample ulnar blood flow and perfusion might be essential for the recovery of this disease. Although staging was possible using static images alone, blood pool images provided more information about the present condition of lesions, such as hyperemic state and remodeling reactions. Blood pool image was indispensable for staging and analyzing lesions and evaluating post-operative course. Increased lunate perfusion in venous phase of angiograms and localized lunate uptake in blood pool images were the favorable signs, which were shown in most cases with good prognosis. It is concluded that three-phase bone scintigraphy gives useful informations for evaluating Kienböck disease which can not be obtained by conventional bone scintigraphy.
Adult↗
[Relation between Helicobacter pylori and intractable gastric ulcer--PAS positive intramucosal mucus as an index].
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is considered to be one of the causes of gastric mucosal injury. Using biopsy specimens from the gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis or gastric ulcer, the intramucosal mucus was quantified by computer image analysis to evaluate its relationship with Hp. In gastric mucosa positive for Hp, the mucus content within the gastric mucosa was significantly decreased. Ammonia was administered based on its assumed role in decreasing the mucus content of the gastric mucosa, and resulted in a decrease in rats to whom it was administered. Based on these results, cases of intractable gastric ulcer were studied. In these intractable cases, Hp was present significantly more often than in other cases and the intramucosal mucus content was significantly lower. These findings suggest that Hp may be a factor in the resistance of gastric ulcer to treatment.
Adult↗
[Four-year follow-up study of self-rated health and life satisfaction among caregivers].
Changes in self-rated health and life satisfaction among caregivers of elderly and factors associated with the changes during a four year were investigated. The sample in the baseline survey consisted of persons randomly selected from recipients of welfare allowances for disabled elderly in two communities in Tokyo. A total of 152 persons were identified as living at home at the time of the first survey and 94 persons were surveyed. In a follow-up survey after a 4-year interval, 73 persons were followed. The main results were as follows: 1. Of the 73 original caregivers, 28 persons continued to give care, and 45 stopped caregiving activities. 2. Among those persons who had been cared for by the 45 caregivers who reported stopping care giving activities, 41 had died and 4 were placed in nursing homes or hospitals. Of the elderly who had died, 60% had been admitted to hospitals, with deterioration of the elderly persons' health being the biggest reason for hospitalization. 3. No significant changes in either self-rated health or life satisfaction were seen after the 4-year interval in those caregivers who continued giving care. Persons who terminated caregiving had an increase in self-rated health in comparison with the original survey. 4. Where self-rated health declined among those continuing giving care, the decrease was related to decrease of cognitive ability of the elderly. A decrease of cognitive ability of the elderly, and also low social support and negative perception regarding caring for the elderly at the baseline survey, was associated with reduction in life satisfaction. 5. Among 45 subjects who terminated caregiving, persons who had low economic backgrounds at baseline, had low improvement of life satisfaction. Persons who did not have jobs had increase in self-rated health.
Aged↗
[Evaluation of complicated renal cyst: a comparison of CT and MR imaging].
We report 12 cases of renal cystic lesions that could not be diagnosed preoperatively. Sonography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and angiography were performed in all cases. Angiography was not helpful in evaluating cystic lesions, because all cystic lesions were hypovascular or avascular within the cystic mass. CT was useful in depicting the fine structural abnormalities, and especially bolus-contrast CT study was useful in the differentiation of cystic renal cell carcinoma from simple renal cyst. However, there were 5 false positive cases. MR imaging is superior to CT in distinguishing a hemorrhagic cyst or multiloculated cystic mass. In conclusion, CT is currently the primary imaging modality for evaluating complicated renal cysts, and surgical exploration is warranted for the undiagnosed cystic lesion by CT. However, MR imaging also has an important role in detecting the benign complicated cyst. Therefore if complicated cyst is thought to be benign by MR imaging, parenchyma-sparing surgery should be considered preoperatively.
Adult↗
Bile acids in human plasma interfere with cholecystokinin bioassay using dispersed pancreatic acini.
A bioassay using dispersed pancreatic acini was used to measure fasting plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) concentrations in 105 patients with various kinds of gastrointestinal diseases, 17 patients with diabetes mellitus, and 6 healthy volunteers. High plasma CCK bioactivities were observed in patients with obstructive jaundice, choledocolithiasis, and primary biliary cirrhosis. Twenty-three samples with high CCK bioactivities were assayed by the same bioassay after the addition of a specific CCK antagonist and by a CCK radioimmunoassay in order to determine whether the high CCK-like bioactivity was due to circulating CCK or other factors. High CCK bioactivities were partially inhibited by the specific CCK antagonist, CR-1409, but the activities were not totally abolished. The residual bioactivities (not inhibited by CR-1409) correlated with plasma bile acid concentrations. The inhibitable CCK bioactivities correlated with plasma CCK levels obtained by radioimmunoassay. Although the bioassay using dispersed pancreatic acini has several advantages for measuring plasma CCK, this method overestimates CCK bioactivities in patients with high plasma bile acid concentrations.
Animals↗
Absence of the left lobe of the liver: US and CT appearance.
We report five cases of absence of the left liver lobe diagnosed by ultrasonography (US) and/or computed tomography (CT). There were four men and one woman, with an average age of 62.8 years. The right lobe was normal in four patients and enlarged in one. A tongue-like hypertrophy of the caudate lobe was present in two patients. The gallbladder was located at the left portion of the liver. Elevation of the antrum of the stomach was also seen.
Congenital Abnormalities↗
Kinetic analysis of experimental post-operative peritoneal healing: the incorporation of proline and glucosamine by exudative and tissue repair cells.
The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the cellular composition of post-surgical peritoneal fluid and peritoneal tissue and determine the patterns of 14C-proline and 14C-glucosamine incorporation by the peritoneal exudative cells and peritoneal tissue repair cells (PEC and PTRC). One group of rabbits underwent resection (2.0 cm) and reanastomosis of their ileum, and another group underwent peritoneal wall abrasion. Postoperatively (1-28 days), the PEC and PTRC were collected and incubated for 5 days with 0.5 mu Ci 14C-glucosamine or 14C-proline, and the specific activity thereafter determined by beta counting. On the 1st postoperative day, the total cell number (TCN) has increased (7.7 x 10(7) cells/rabbit) to 770 per cent of the control values primarily as a result of the PMN influx (89.9 per cent). On day 3, the TCN was 6.1 x 10(7), 58.5 per cent of which comprised macrophages, which had become the principle cell type by day 5. The incorporation of proline and glucosamine into the PEC increased significantly peaking on day 7 then decreasing to the control value by day 21. Proline incorporation into the PTRC increased significantly, reaching a peak value on day 5, which decreased by day 10. Glucosamine incorporation reached a peak value on day 7 then decreased by day 10. In conclusion, the increase in glucosamine and proline incorporation into the PTRC parallels the increase in PEC, comprised principally of macrophages. These findings suggest that analysis of the metabolic activities in peritoneal activated macrophages may provide a useful tool to dissect the central mediation of postsurgical peritoneal re-epithelialization.
Animals↗
Dysphagia resulting from an upper esophageal web--a case report.
A circumferential web was located in the proximal portion of the esophagus in a 69 year old female who was admitted to the Iwate Medical University Hospital with severe chronic dysphagia. She had a long history of difficulty in swallowing, intermittently and primarily associated with the ingestion of solid foods. The web was easily ruptured upon endoscopy with subsequent bouginage being performed twice leading to the complete relief of dysphagia. However, dysphagia recurred 6 months postbouginage and the circumferential web, which had regenerated, had less distensibility, making re-dilation impossible. Surgery was elected which revealed esophageal obstruction by a firm circumferential structure. Microscopic examination of the excised web revealed it to consist of a transverse fold of the esophageal mucosa with chronic inflammatory changes and submucosa with marked fibrous tissue proliferation. The patient has remained asymptomatic for the 4 years following her operation.
Aged↗
The influence of age and sex on ulnar variance.
Ulnar variance was measured in 325 normal wrists and 41 wrists with Kienböck's disease. A positive correlation between ulnar variance and age was confirmed in normal wrists, and it was lower in males than in females. Therefore, studies comparing ulnar variance in abnormal and normal wrists require carefully selected age- and sex-matched controls. There was no significant difference in ulnar variance between Japanese with normal wrists and those affected by Kienböck's disease, when the effects of sex and age were taken into account. Based on these results, we believe that ulnar variance is highly unlikely to be an important predisposing factor in Kienböck's disease.
Adolescent↗
Scaphoid non-union with D.I.S.I. deformity. A survey of clinical cases with special reference to ligamentous injury.
To clarify whether or not scapho-lunate ligamentous injury is common in scaphoid non-union with D.I.S.I. deformity and whether ligamentous repair is required to treat scaphoid non-union with D.I.S.I. deformity, roentgenographic, arthrographic and arthroscopic findings were analysed and compared to those of scaphoid non-union without D.I.S.I. deformity. The carpal alignment of scaphoid non-union with D.I.S.I. deformity treated by reduction and anterior wedge grafting without ligamentous repair was also studied. No significant difference in the scapho-lunate gap was present between 26 patients with D.I.S.I. deformity and 20 without. No statistically significant difference was detected in the incidence of arthrographically-proved scapho-lunate ligamentous tears between the two groups. Arthroscopic examination carried out in 22 patients did not detect massive ligamentous injury, and carpal alignment was satisfactory in most patients who underwent anterior wedge grafting. These results show that ligamentous injury rarely causes D.I.S.I. deformity in scaphoid non-union, and anterior wedge grafting alone is sufficient to correct D.I.S.I. deformity in most cases.
Adolescent↗
Analysis of scaphoid fracture displacement by three-dimensional computed tomography.
Scaphoid fracture displacement was studied in twenty-five patients using three-dimensional computed tomography. Fracture displacement was more readily detected and distinct in three-dimensional computed tomography images than in plain radiography. Two different types of offset of the distal fragment with respect to the proximal fragment are described on three dimensional computed tomography; volar type and dorsal type. In the volar type, the distal fragment overhung in the volar direction relative to the proximal fragment and was frequently accompanied by humpback deformity and axial rotation. In the dorsal type, the distal fragment slipped dorsal on the proximal fragment and was commonly accompanied by humpback deformity. The volar type had a transverse or vertical fracture line on both the volar and dorsal surfaces of the scaphoid, while the dorsal type had a horizontal fracture line. The volar type was frequently found when the fracture was distal, whereas the dorsal type was noted more frequently for proximally located fracture.
Adolescent↗
Induction by Electric Currents of Ethylene Biosynthesis in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Fruit.
The effects of an electric current on ethylene biosynthesis were investigated in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) fruit that were producing almost no ethylene. Direct currents at 0.5 to 3.0 milliamperes induced much ethylene synthesis, with a rapid continuous increase in the rate, which reached a peak within 5 to 6 hours and then decreased. The rate of production was greater with a stronger current. Ethylene production was not observed after the use of a sine-wave alternating current (60 hertz) at 3 milliamperes, the magnitude at which a direct current had the greatest effect. The activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and ethylene forming enzyme (EFE) increased before the rise in ethylene production. ACC synthase and EFE were activated sixfold and fourfold, respectively, by 2 hours. The concentration of ACC increased linearly up to 6 hours and then decreased. Ethylene induction by an electric current was suppressed almost completely by the infiltration of the cucumbers with 5 millimolar aminooxyacetic acid, an inhibitor of ACC synthase, and was also suppressed 70% by 5 millimolar salicylic acid, an inhibitor of EFE. The results indicate that the ethylene induced by the direct current was synthesized via the ACC-ethylene pathway as a result of electrical stress, a new kind of stress to be identified.
Journal Article↗