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Biomedical subjects

R Nagel

Publications and source records attributed to R Nagel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Problems in diagnosis and therapy of renal adenomas (author's transl)].

Diagnostic and surgical problems of renal adenoma are discussed on the basis of seven own cases and the literature. The surgical procedure should be based on exact histomorphological classification of the tumors, which can be classified as: "Benign adenoma", "adenoma with questionable malignancy", and "Malignant degenerated adenoma". The often recommended radical surgery in all cases of renal adenomas should not be necessary. Histological diagnosis is most accurate with serial sections of embedded tumor material. False positive results from intraoperative histomorphologic diagnosis of frozen sections are not here. The difficult preoperative diagnosis of renal adenomas could be improved by computed tomography and ultrasonography.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

[Conservative surgery of kidney adrenoma].

Adenomas of the kidney are often tumors of doubtful dignity because the histopathological criteria are unclear and, moreover, the preoperative diagnosis lacks complete reliability. As a result, the clinician frequently has problems deciding on conservative surgery. This is demonstrated in the light of 6 cases of renal adenoma. The surgical management of these tumors depends on exact classification of their dignity by the pathologist. Proposals on the subject are put forward and discussed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Cytodiagnosis of pathologic changes in the renal pelvis and ureter].

In 80 cases of roentgenologic filling defects in renal pelvis and ureter, which could be determined exactly preoperatively, we could confirm the diagnostic value of cytology from washings of renal pelvis and ureter (lavage cytology) especially in preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter. Twenty of 25 tumors (80%) were detected preoperatively. There were no false positive results. The diagnostic reliability of this method was more accurate than with normal exfoliative urinary cytology from other authors. The results are discussed together with the literature.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies of ioglicinate, a new contrast medium for intravenous urography.

The new amino acid-bound contrast medium ioglicinate was first of all studied in respect of its pharmacokinetics in comparison to iothalamate and amidotrizoate in groups of 4 patients. The distribution volume was very similar for all 3 substances. Ioglicinate was found to have the shortest half-life. The elimination of the contrast media studied was mainly via the kidneys. The plasma protein binding of ioglicinate was again lower than that of amidotrizoate and iothalamate. These good experimental results were confirmed for ioglicinate in respect of the tolerance and opacification in a subsequently conducted clinical double-blind study in groups of 50 patients in comparison with iothalamate.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Urolithiasis in childhood.

The management of 131 children with urinary calculi is described. Boys out-numbered girls 2:1. Five per cent of the patients had identifiable metabolic causes, while 78 per cent had infected renal lithiasis. With appropriate therapy, stone disease became inactive in 79 per cent of the children. The remaining 21 per cent continued with active disease. Stone formation may be regarded as a solitary complication or one of several manifestations of a large number of underlying disorders. Along with a thorough search for etiologic factors there must be an equally aggressive therapeutic effort. Becuase the disease is often sporadic, careful long-term follow-up of the patients with active as well as those with inactive stone disease is mandatory.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate with estramustine phosphate.

40 patients with inoperable, histologically proved carcinoma of the prostate were treated with estramustine phosphate. 35 patients had progressive, symptomatic, metastatic disease unresponsive to conventional oestrogens and/or castration Estramustine phosphate was given intravenously initially at a dose of 150 mg/day increasing to 300 mg/day. After 3 weeks or more oral therapy was substituted in 23 patients at a dose of 560 mg/day. Of 23 evaluable patients given the drug by both routes, 17 died after a mean treatment period of 12.5 months and 6 are alive and well after a mean treatment period of 27.7 months. The cause of death in 2 patients was probably, and in a third certainly, due to myocardial infarction. The other 31 deaths were due to carcinoma of the prostate. 18 patients showed transient toxic side-effects. No haematological abnormalities were found during treatment. An attempt at active treatment with estramustine phosphate in patients with prostatic cancer is justified when the disease is resistant to treatment with conventional oestrogens.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Analysis of bladder configuration and pressure from pressoreceptor stimulation in rabbits.

In a previous study (Bödeker, J., Vogt, W., Kölln, C.-P., and Nagel, R.: Invest. Urol., 12: 461, 1975.) pressoreceptor stimulation induced micturition at less than normal bladder filling. Furthermore, urethral pressure profile decreased in both maximal and mean values. In the present investigation the effects of pressoreceptor stimulation on bladder configuration, intravesical pressure, and vesicoureteral reflux were studied. With pressoreceptor stimulation, the bladder outlet became more funnel-shaped; the change in bladder configuration occurred without alteration in intravesical pressure; and vesicoureteral reflux could not be demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Experiences with lavage cytology from renal pelvis and ureter (author's transl)].

In 41 cases of roentgenologic filling defects in renal pelvis and ureter, which could not be determined exactly preoperatively, we could confirm the diagnostic value of cytology from washings of renal pelvis and ureter (lavage cytology), especially in preoperative diagnosis of carcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter. Ten of fourteen tumors (71%) were detected by this method. The diagnostic reliability increased with tumor-stage and was more accurate than the normal exfoliative urinary cytology. In five cases of hypernephromas invading the renal pelvis lavage cytology was not successful and we had obtained only false negative results. In roentgenologic filling defects that were not tumor-induced especially uric acid stones, inflammatory processes, blood clots and renal cysts, we had no false positive results. Our findings are discussed together with the literature.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

[Intravesical and intraurethral pressure studies: significance for the prognosis and the treatment of children with myelomeningocele (author's transl)].

By statistical analysis of premicturition bladder pressure and urethral pressure in 37 children with myelomeningocele we were able to find four different types of neuropathic bladder dysfunction: 1. Group A (N = 19): No upper urinary tract dilatation and deterioration was seen with normal intravesical and low to normal intraurethral pressure. A conservative approach was warranted. 2. Group B (n = 6): Overflow incontinence due to low intravesical and high intraurethral pressure was found in this group. Upper urinary tract deterioration could be avoided and continence achieved by partial sphincterotomy. 3. Group C (n = 6): Progressive impairment in upper urinary tract dilatation was observed in four out of six children with high intravesical and low intraurethral pressures. In these children we prefer the urinary diversion. 4. Group D (n = 6): A dangerous impairment in upper urinary tract dilatation was found in four out of six children with high intravesical und high intraurethral pressures. When phenoxybenzamin therapy fails urinary diversion is the treatment of choice in this group.

Child↗