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Biomedical subjects

R Mosimann

Publications and source records attributed to R Mosimann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Pulsed Doppler assessment of deep femoral artery hemodynamics: a preliminary report.

The functional capability of the deep femoral artery (DFA) as a collateral channel is an important feature in patients suffering peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). A noninvasive method of indirect quantification of the DFA blood flow volume is presented. In normal lower limbs, it was found that the common femoral artery (CFA) mean blood flow volume was maintained at 59% of its resting value when the superficial femoral artery (SFA) was occluded by a pneumatic cuff placed around the thigh. The reduction of the mean flow volume is mainly due to an increase of the diastolic backward flow, while the maximum systolic flow remains constant. In a few patients with various degrees of stenosis of the DFA, we observed a much greater drop in mean CFA blood flow volume than in normal subjects. On the basis of this preliminary study, we conclude that: --When the normal SFA is occluded, pulsatile flow through the CFA is maintained. --Occlusion flow reflects the runoff and the compliance of the DFA bed. --Occlusion flow is diminished in patients with DFA stenosis. It is suggested that this non-invasive test might help the physician to assess the involvement of the DFA in PAOD. Further investigation is needed to establish the correlation between quantitative occlusion blood flow volume and the degree of DFA stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The gastric mucosa in experimental duodenogastric reflux. A scanning electron microscope study.

In the course of a long-lasting experiment on entero-gastric reflux in the dog, we examined with the SEM the gastric mucosal surface epithelium in 22 animals chronically exposed to any type of enteral diversion to the stomach, associated in one group to a highly selective vagotomy. Tissue samples were collected at the time of corrective surgery and at sacrifice in the survivors. The control group was composed of 4 dogs with Roux-en-Y loops. At remedial surgery, about half the dogs failed to display any cellular alteration, regardless of the group they belonged to. The isolated biliary reflux group alone showed fundic erosions in 100% of the dogs. In the antral area, the isolated pancreatic reflux appeared to be the most damaging. Similar erosions were found in the antrum and the fundus of the majority of control dogs. Six to twelve months after suppression of the reflux, the erosions showed a tendency to incomplete regression, and more often to progression. We advocate the protective role of the chronic alkaline reflux on the gastric mucosa to explain our results.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A long-term study of experimental duodenogastric reflux on the vagotomized stomach in dogs.

The possibility has been explored in dogs that the effects of chronic enteral reflux on the gastric mucosa may be modified by highly selective vagotomy (HSV). In both the innervated and the vagotomized stomachs, Roux-en-Y duodenogastrostomy induced mucosal hyperaemia and foveolar hyperplasia; the mucosa regained normal morphology after the elimination of reflux. Duodenogastrostomy without HSV did not influence basal serum gastrin but resulted in a significant increase in mucosal histamine. After duodenogastrostomy with HSV basal serum gastrin decreased significantly and mucosal histamine was not affected. It is concluded that foveolar hyperplasia is a reversible reaction of the mucosa to potentially damaging agents like enteral contents. It is also suggested that the combination of chronic enterogastric reflux, abnormal gastrointestinal motility and HSV might have an inhibitory effect on gastrin release.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Modifications of the gastric mucosal barrier induced by experimental duodenogastric reflux: an electron microscopy study.

The present study was undertaken to examine the ultrastructure of antral foveolar epithelium of dogs submitted to long term duodenogastric reflux. Minimal ultrastructural alterations (swelling of the cellular organelles, shortening of the microvilli, irregularity of the secretory granules) were observed. Total necrosis of isolated cells was rare. The lesions appeared in all dogs including the controls, and were not always reversed by the elimination of reflux. The significance of these findings is not clear and is probably not dependent on continuous exposure to duodenogastric reflux.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

A long-term study of different types of experimental alkaline reflux and the effects of its suppression in dogs.

The gastric mucosa of 19 mongrel dogs was submitted to a bilio-pancreatic, isolated biliary or isolated pancreatic reflux. With an isolated biliary reflux, there is a more rapid and more severe hyperaemia and foveolar hyperplasia of the mucosa of the fundus than with an isolated pancreatic reflux. There was no significant change in the basal serum level of gastrin with any of these different types of alkaline reflux, but we observed a statistically significant increase in the level of histamine in the gastric mucosa. Hyperaemia and foveolar hyperplasia of the fundic mucosa both disappeared when the alkaline reflux was suppressed, and there was a statistically significant decrease in the basal serum level of gastrin and in the level of histamine in the gastric mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Modification of arterial blood flow using venous occlusion plethysmography].

Arterial blood flow volume was registered simultaneously by pulsed Doppler and venous occlusion plethysmography in 14 limbs of healthy subjects aged 25 to 36 years. The results were as follows: from the beginning of venous occlusion and during venous filling phase, arterial flow diminishes to 73% of its initial value. This diminution is due to a progressive decrease in arterial systolic flow as well as an increase in diastolic arterial reflux. The results reflect the increase in peripheral resistance as well as the elasticity of the arteries, which, during the diastole, return upstream a part of the arterial systolic flow.

Adult↗