Campylobacter jejuni-associated diarrhea in dogs.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
R Moore
Publications and source records attributed to R Moore.
Management after Nodder.
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Hospitals, Psychiatric↗
Surgery in recurrent malignant melanoma.
Seventy-nine consecutive patients with resectable, recurrent malignant melanoma were treated with surgical excision, followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Of 7 Stage IIIA patients, 6 remain alive; 5 are disease-free at 27 months. Of 33 patients with advanced stage IIIB disease with fixed tumor masses, including 16 cases that involved two nodal groups, 10 patients (30%) remain disease-free at 30 months. Of 12 Stage IIIAB patients, one remains disease-free at 26 months. Of 27 Stage IV patients, 7 (25%) remain disease-free at 36 months. Characteristic of those patients who remain disease-free is the initial presence of 3 or less discrete metastatic lesions, and a long prior disease-free interval. Surgical removal of metastatic lesions of malignant melanoma, in combination with chemotherapy, offers improved palliation in patients with a small number of metastatic lesions and a long previous disease-free interval.
Humans↗
Prognostic parameters in recurrent malignant melanoma.
In 361 patients with recurrent malignant melanoma, the clinical stage was the strongest determinant of subsequent survival (P less than 0.01). In Stage IV, the number of initial, distinct lesions was important. Patients presenting with a single metastatic nodule had median survival ten months, whereas those with two or more metastatic nodules had median survival 6.9 months (P less than 0.05). The length of disease-free interval from excision of the primary to recurrence correlated consistently with subsequent survival in patients with regional lymph node metastases. Those with disease-free interval less than one year had median survival 15.8 months with 16% surviving at five years, while those with interval one year or longer had median survival 23.7 months with 30% surviving at five years (P less than 0.05). In Stage IV, the correlation of survival with disease-free interval became significant only with 24 months as the demarcation point of length of disease-free interval. Age and sex affected the disease-free interval, but not survival after recurrence.
Adolescent↗
Survival in metastatic ocular melanoma.
Of 35 patients with metastatic ocular melanoma, 71.4% manifested liver involvement either initially (45.7%) or later in the course of the disease (25.7%). With liver involvement, the median survival was 2.2 months, whereas with pulmonary involvement it was 19.2 months after the first evidence of metastatic disease (P less than 0.01). Survival after recurrence varied also with age, those younger than 50 years having median survival of 14 months, with those 50 years or older having median survival 3.5 months (P less than 0.01). It also varied with the patient's sex, males having median survival 3 months after recurrence, and females 10.4 months (P less than 0.05). Younger patients and females had also longer disease-free intervals prior to recurrence. Surgical removal of metastases, when feasible, in combination with chemotherapy, seems to offer improved palliation, since a subsequent median survival thus of 18.4 months was observed with 3/15 patients alive disease-free 1 to 3 years later, while the median survival of 20 patients not treated with surgery was 2.5 months. Most of this difference in survival, however, is due to a difference in tumor load between the two groups, with patients subjected to surgery having lesser amounts of tumor and/or more favorable sites.
Age Factors↗
Metastatic patterns in soft-tissue sarcomas.
In 242 patients with recurrent soft-tissue sarcomas, the most common sites of initial recurrence were the primary site in 47.5% of patients and the lungs in 38% of patients. Further recurrences in the course of the disease concerned the lungs, bones, liver, and brain. Total survival and survival after recurrence were influenced by the histologic type, which also affected the site of recurrence. In the management of local recurrence, a five-year disease-free survival rate of 38% was achieved with surgical treatment, while radiation or chemotherapy alone was ineffective. Local recurrences resulted in significantly higher survival rates than those involving other organs. The disease-free interval was a significant prognostic indicator of subsequent survival in the whole group of patients and among those with local recurrence.
Adolescent↗
Osmotic water permeability of the human red cell. Dependence on direction of water flow and cell volume.
The osmotic permeability coefficient (Pf) was measured with a stopped-flow light-scattering technique. There is an artifactual light-scattering signal produced by the initial mixing that decays with a half-time of approximately 0.2 s. This seriously interferes with the measurement of the osmotically induced change in cell volume, which has a similar half-time. This "injection artifact" is associated with the biconcave shape of the cells. It is negligible for cells that have been made nearly spherical by swelling them in 160 mosmol. The dependence of this artifact on the cell volume may explain the previously observed dependence of Pf on the cell volume. When cells are made echinocytic (and therefore spherically symmetric), this injection artifact becomes negligible at all cell volumes and Pf can be accurately measured. The Pf of echinocytic cells was nearly constant, varying by less than 10% with the direction of flow and the medium osmolarity (160-360 mosmol). The average value of Pf was 2.0 X 10(-2) cm/s (T = 23 degrees C).
Cell Membrane Permeability↗
Migration of Kim-Ray Greenfield umbrella to the heart.
We have described a case of migration of a Kim-Ray Greenfield umbrella from the inferior vena cava to the heart for unknown reason. The umbrella was surgically removed and the patient recovered fully. This complication has not been previously reported. Despite this complication, we believe that the Kim-Ray Greenfield umbrella, when placed with particular attention to technique, effectively prevents pulmonary emboli and offers minimal associated morbidity.
Aged↗
Plasma amino acid ratio as an index of hepatocellular maturity in the neonate.
A preprandial plasma amino acid molar ratio [(isoleucine + leucine + valine)/(tyrosine + phenylalanine)] has been studied in 33 neonates of mean gestation approximately 34 weeks. 19 infants were fed a formula containing 2.5 protein/dl with a high casein content (group 1), whilst 14 received milk of 1.8 g protein/dl largely derived from whey. Although total amino acid levels were significantly higher in group 1 (p less than 0.001), the amino acid molar ratio was similar in each group. This ratio correlated directly with gestational age (r = +0.76; p less than 0.001) which, on multiple regression analysis, accounted for 57% of its variability. The effects upon the ratio of infant's sex, cholestasis, and hepatic enzyme induction are also discussed.
Amino Acids↗
Geoperception in primary and lateral roots of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae). I. Structure of columella cells.
Primary roots of Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabaceae) are positively geotropic, while lateral roots are not responsive to gravity In order to elucidate the structural basis for this differential georesponse, we have performed a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the ultrastructure of columella cells of primary and lateral roots of P. vulgaris. Root systems were fixed in situ so as not to disturb the ultrastructure of the columella cells. The columellas of primary roots are more extensive than those of lateral roots. The volumes of columella cells of primary roots are approximately twice those of columella cells of lateral roots. However, columella cells of primary roots contain greater absolute volumes and numbers of all cellular components examined than do columella cells of lateral roots. Also, the relative volumes of cellular components in columella cells of primary and lateral roots are statistically indistinguishable. The endoplasmic reticulum is sparse and distributed randomly in both types of columella cells. Both types of columella cells contain numerous sedimented amyloplasts, none of which contact the cell wall or form complexes with other cellular organelles. Therefore, positive geotropism by roots must be due to a factor(s) other than the presence of sedimented amyloplasts alone. Furthermore, it is unlikely that amyloplasts and plasmodesmata form a multi-valve system that controls the movement of growth regulating substances through the root cap.
Endoplasmic Reticulum↗
Treatment of feline nasal cryptococcosis with 5-flucytosine.
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Animals↗
Tourniquet infusion versus hyperthermic perfusion.
The tourniquet infusion method was compared with hyperthermic perfusion in canine limbs by using Adriamycin, actinomycin-D, and melphalan. Tourniquet infusion provided comparable tissue levels with Adriamycin and significantly higher levels with actinomycin-D and melphalan in the treated extremity than hyperthermic perfusion with the same drugs and dosages. Higher systemic leak was observed, more so with melphalan, with the tourniquet infusion method. Tourniquet infusion has caused complete regression of four malignant tumors involving extremities (one malignant melanoma, two Kaposi's sarcomas, one squamous cell carcinoma) and partial greater than 50% regression of nine tumors (three malignant melanomas, three squamous cell carcinomas, one malignant schwannoma, one malignant fibrohistiocytoma, one liposarcoma) followed by excision of residual tumor. Five patients with extremity sarcomas precluding adequate surgical margins were treated preoperatively with the this method. Longer follow-up is needed, as is a larger number of patients for a valid comparison of tourniquet infusion with hyperthermic perfusion.
Aged↗
Segmental irradiation of the bladder with neodymium YAG laser irradiation.
The Neodymium YAG laser energy source can be readily adapted for cystoscopic use by some simple modifications of existing urologic equipment. Both the fiberoptic resectoscope and a deflecting cystourethroscope have been adapted for this purpose. Fixation of the fiber tip 1 cm. from the target and use of a divergent beam of 36 degrees allows the delivery of standardized dosage to a relatively large bladder tissue volume. Animal experiments involving 35 mongrel dogs established that repetitive overlapping doses of 200 joules ech can successfully treat a large area of bladder resulting in a full thickness bladder wall injury. This technique has been used in 4 high risk patients with infiltrating bladder cancer without adverse sequelae. The ability to reliably produce a full thickness lesion may give this modality a therapeutic advantage over conventional cautery techniques especially for the treatment of residual infiltrative carcinoma.
Aluminum↗
Tardokinesia: definition and clinical occurrence.
Tardokinesia is an abnormal slowness of contraction of a region of the left ventricular (LV) wall. This concept was stated in quantitative terms and used for analyzing LV regional wall motion. Forty-four consecutive patients from the case stream of the Cardiovascular Radiology Service were chosen, and their cine left ventriculograms were studied. A polar grid of thirty radii, at twelve degree increments, was superimposed on the tracing of each ventricle. The wall motion was measured at thirty points, and the location, speed, and acceleration of each point in each cine was calculated. Two cases of tardokinesia were found. Tardokinesia might be a sensitive or early indicator of ischemic heart disease.
Adult↗
Sources of artifacts in rotational scanography.
The images produced in rotational scanography, currently under investigation at several institutions, may contain several kinds of artifacts. The sources of such artifacts are: 1. vertical and horizontal misalignment of the focal spot with the axis of rotation; 2 misalignment of the primary and secondary slits; 3 a density gradient due to slit cut-off; 4 vibration of the x-ray tube during rotation; 5. A density gradient due to variation in motor speed; 6. radiographic striations due to ripple of the tube output. Striations are present even if a 12-pulse generator is used, but they disappear if a constant potential generator is employed.
Humans↗
The significance of efficient scatter removal in chest radiography.
The conventional approach to the removal of secondary radiation in chest radiography is by using an air gap or a radiographic grid. However, grids become ineffective at high kVp levels. This study evaluated efficient scatter removal by radiographic scanography versus the conventional technique. Nylon spheres simulating lung nodules were attached to a standard radiographic thorax phantom and to a special chest phantom of our own design. Conventional and scanographic films were made of the phantoms using the same conditions. The films were read in a double-blind fashion. The results indicated that scanograms permitted appreciation of the simulated nodules over the lungs better than did the conventional films, particularly at higher kVp levels. However, the marked increase of contrast resulted in an underpenetration of the mediastinum. If properly penetrated, the lung fields were overexposed, which resulted in a decrease of the detectability of lesions in spite of a higher normalized contrast. Scanography is a promising technique for improving the detection rate of lung nodules on chest films, provided that means can be found to penetrate the mediastinum without overexposing the lungs.
Humans↗
Shedding of rotavirus in feces of sows before and after farrowing.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sows shed rotavirus near the time of farrowing. Twelve sows purchased from a common source and seropositive for rotavirus were housed in isolation in farrowing crates from 5 days before to 3 weeks after farrowing. Fecal samples were collected at 3- to 4-day intervals and examined for the presence of rotavirus by direct electron microscopy. Samples were also treated with pancreatin and inoculated onto monkey kidney cells. Rotaviral antigens were detected by a direct immunofluorescence technique, and selected positive cultures were examined by immunoelectron microscopy. Rotavirus was detected in the feces of 5 of 12 sows as early as 5 days before to 2 weeks after farrowing. Diarrhea related to rotavirus developed in 4 of 12 litters. Two of these four litters were farrowed by sows which shed rotavirus at 7 and 10 and 14 days after farrowing. The results of this study indicate that sows immune to rotavirus can shed virus in their feces at a time when piglets are particularly susceptible to infection and that adult swine are of primary importance in the epidemiology of rotavirus as initiators of infection.
Animals↗