Biomedical subjects

R Matre

Publications and source records attributed to R Matre.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

Characterization of mononuclear cells in sarcoid skin lesions using monoclonal antibodies.

Epithelioid cells, giant cells and mononuclear cells in cryostat sections of lesional skin from 5 patients with chronic cutaneous sarcoidosis were characterized using an indirect immunofluorescence test with monoclonal antibodies. OKM1 (monocyte) antibody stained both epithelioid cells and giant cells as well as some cells in the periphery of the granulomas. OKM1 which reacts with most monocytes in peripheral blood, did not react with tissue macrophages in sections of normal skin, liver, spleen and kidney. The results indicate that the epithelioid and giant cells in the sarcoid granulomas are derived from blood monocytes. OKT3 (pan T cell) antibody stained the majority of cells surrounding the epithelioid cell islands. Examination of adjacent sections showed that more OKT4+ (helper/inducer) than OKT8+ (suppressor/cytotoxic) cells were present in the sarcoid lesions examined.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

The clinical effect and the effect on serum IgG antibodies to peripheral nerve tissue of plasma exchange in patients wit Guillain-Barré syndrome.

The mixed haemagglutination technique was used to demonstrate IgG antibodies to peripheral nerve tissue in sera from patients with the Guillain-Barré syndrome. The clinical effect and the effect on the antibodies of plasma exchange were examined in 18 patients. Neurological examination with muscle testing and neurophysiological examination of the patients were performed before and immediately after plasma exchange. Before the exchange antibodies were detected in sera from 11 of the patients. These patients showed clinical improvement during the treatment. After plasma exchange, antibodies were detected in sera from only two of the patients. The seven patients without detectable antibodies showed no clinical improvement.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Antibodies to peripheral nerve tissue in sera from patients with acute Guillain-Barré syndrome demonstrated by a mixed haemagglutination technique.

The mixed haemagglutination technique (MA) was used to demonstrate antibodies to peripheral nerve tissue (PNS) in sera from patients with acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Within the first 2 weeks of the disease IgG antibodies were detected in sera from 15 of 42 patients (36%). Antibodies were detected in 60% of the patients with severe GBS, and in 30% of those with a mild GBS. The highest titres were found in the sera from the most severely affected patients and could be detected after 48 days of the illness in one of the sera. Sera from healthy blood donors and from patients with various other diseases did not contain antibodies to PNS. The MA technique is reproducible and is more sensitive than the indirect immunofluorescence test and the antiglobulin consumption test.

Antibodies↗

PubMed1982

Lymphocyte subpopulations and lymphocyte function in phenytoin-treated patients with epilepsy.

The number of leukocytes and the percentage of cells in various mononuclear subpopulations were determined in 22 patients with epilepsy. The lymphocyte response to PHA were examined in the patients and in selected controls. The patients were grouped according to phenytoin treatment at present or previously, and according to the presence or absence of serum IgA depression. Patients taking phenytoin demonstrated reduced leukocyte counts. The lowest counts were found in phenytoin-treated patients with markedly reduced IgA concentrations. The number of lymphocytes were reduced more than the total leukocyte count in the patients. No significant differences were observed between patients and controls regarding percentage of cells with membrane-bound immunoglobulins, active E-rosetting cells, AET-rosetting cells, EA-rosetting cells, EAC-rosetting cells, and cells with a capacity of phagocytosis. The mean response to PHA stimulation (PHA concentration 0.6 micrograms/ml) was 4634 counts per minute in the patients and 6132 counts per minute in the controls. However, the response to this stimulation varied considerably between individuals in both groups, and the difference between the 2 groups was not statistically significant.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

Alpha-fetoprotein concentrations in sera from epileptic patients with immunodeficiency.

The alpha-fetoprotein serum concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay in 22 epileptic patients treated with phenytoin. The concentration was normal in all of the patients. The IgA concentration in serum was below 0.20 g/l in 15 of the patients and normal in 7 (0.60-3.30 g/l). IgG and IgM concentrations were normal. The total number of lymphocytes was significantly reduced in the epileptic patients compared to healthy controls, while the relative percentage of various mononuclear blood cell sub-populations did not differ between the patients and the controls. The response to PHA stimulation was lower in the patients than in the controls for all PHA concentrations tested, the differences, however, were not significant at a 5% level. The results indicate that alpha-fetoprotein does not participate in the pathogenesis of the immune disturbances observed in patients with epilepsy.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1982

The localization of glomerular C3b receptor by immunoelectron microscopy.

By an indirect immunoperoxidase technique, rabbit antiserum to solubilized C3b receptor stained the glomeruli in cryostat sections of human kidney. The staining was localized to the glomerular basement membrane zone. Glomeruli in sections of aldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue did not stain. However, if the sections were pretreated with proteolytic enzymes, the glomeruli were stained by the antiserum as in the cryostat sections. Electron microscopy revealed that the reaction product was located in the cell membrane of the epithelial cells. In some cells the reaction product was also found in vacuoles in the cytoplasm. The basement membrane and endothelial and mesangial cells did not stain.

Basement Membrane↗

PubMed1982

In situ characterization of cell infiltrates in human dental periapical granulomas. 1. Demonstration of receptors for the Fc region of IgG.

The aims of the present study were to demonstrate FcR activity of dental periapical granulomas and to correlate the activity with the degree of lymphoreticular cell infiltration. Cryostat sections of 46 out of 51 granulomas adsorbed sheep erythrocytes(E) sensitized with rabbit IgG antibodies (A) (EA). No adsorption occurred using erythrocytes sensitized with F(ab')2 fragments of IgG. IgG and Fc fragments of human of rabbit IgG inhibited the binding of EA, whereas F(ab')2 fragments, human IgA, IgM or albumin did not, indicating the presence of receptors for the Fc region of IgG. Periodate, neutral formaldehyde and phospholipase C abolished the FcR activity whereas neuraminidase had no effect. Comparison of sections binding EA and adjacent sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin showed that EA adhered to areas infiltrated with mononuclear cells. The degree of binding of EA coincided with the density of mononuclear cell infiltration. Point attachments between the tissue sections and the adsorbed EA could be demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy. Sections with no infiltrates did not bind EA.

Adsorption↗

PubMed1982

The ontogeny of immunological receptors in the thymus.

Receptors for sheep erythrocytes, for the Fc part of IgG (Fc gamma R) and IgM (Fc mu R), and for components of activated human complement C3 (C3bR and C3dR) in thymus tissue from fetuses, infants and children were studied using haemadsorption to cryostat sections in a closed chamber. Sheep erythrocytes (SE) did not adhere to sections of thymus from fetuses at 10-11 weeks of gestation, adhered weakly between 14 and 20 weeks, while they adhered in a dense monolayer in older fetuses, in infants and in children, denser in the cortex than in the medulla. Ox erythrocytes (OE), sensitized with IgG to demonstrate Fc gamma R, adhered focally to both cortical and medullary areas. The adherence was more pronounced to the sections of fetal thymus than to the sections from infants and children. OE, sensitized with IgM to demonstrate Fc mu R, adhered focally to all thymus tissue sections, preferentially to the cortex. The adherence was most pronounced in fetal thymus. SE, sensitized with IgM and coated with complement, adhered to sections of fetal thymus, but the density decreased markedly during fetal life. Indicator cells demonstrating C3bR adhered focally also to sections from infants and children, while indicator cells demonstrating C3dR did not adhere to sections from individuals older than 38 weeks of gestation. Indicator cells demonstrating C3bR and C3dR adhered both to cortex and medulla.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Factors mediating the binding of immune complexes to cryostat sections of psoriatic lesions.

Sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit IgG, or complexes of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and rabbit IgG antibodies to HRP bound to cryostat sections of psoriatic and other skin lesions (lichen planus, discoid lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, and mycosis fungoides). Immune complexes with reduced and alkylated IgG (RA-IgG) reacted with preparations of soluble rheumatoid factors (RF) and with sections of RF-coated sheep erythrocytes equally well as did untreated IgG. However, RA-IgG did not react with sections containing FcR-positive cells. These complexes bound either weakly or not at all to skin sections. IgG inhibited the binding of immune complexes to all skin control sections, while RA-IgG only inhibited the binding of complexes to sections of RF-coated cells. Anti-Clq did not inhibit the binding of immune complexes to any section. Periodic acid and formaldehyde abolished FcR activity, whereas neither the activity of soluble RF nor of RF in sections was affected. Only sections of lesional skin from patients with highly active psoriasis and sarcoidosis showed some binding of immune complexes after treatment with periodic acid or formaldehyde. Apparently, the binding of immune complexes in vitro to sections of psoriatic and other skin lesions is mainly mediated by FcR.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗

PubMed1982

In vitro effect of ethanol on subpopulations of human blood mononuclear cells.

Mononuclear cells from 10 healthy blood donors were incubated with ethanol at 37 degrees C for 30 min. An ethanol concentration of 10.0 g/l reduced the percentage of active E rosette-forming cells (E RFC) from 25.0 +/- 12.1 to 16.2 +/- 8.7, and the percentage of total E RFC from 70.3 +/- 8.5 to 59.7 +/- 13.5 (p less than 0.01 for both). The percentage of cells with phagocytizing capacity was reduced from 11.7 +/- 5.4 to 7.0 +/- 5.0 by the ethanol treatment (p less than 0.01). Incubation with ethanol at a concentration of 1.0 g/l also significantly reduced the number of active and total E RFC and of phagocytizing cells. Ethanol at a concentration of 0.1 g/l did not influence these cell subpopulations. The number of EA RFC and EAC RFC were not influenced by ethanol.

B-Lymphocytes↗

PubMed1982

Properties of the solubilized placental receptor for IgG.

The Fc receptor activity in placental extracts prepared using EDTA and 2-mercaptoethanol was assayed using an indirect hemagglutination technique with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with rabbit IgG. The agglutinating activity of the extract was not affected by storage at -70 degrees C, by rapid freezing and thawing, by treatment with periodic acid, formaldehyde, neuraminidase, trypsin, pronase, or phospholipase C. Papain abolished the activity, indicating that the receptor is a protein. Reduction and alkylation had no effect on the agglutinating activity, indicating that -S-S-bonds are not important for binding. In the presence of 0.6 M NaCl the agglutinating activity was abolished, indicating that electrostatic interactions are of significance. The solubilized Fc receptor shows so many similarities to the previously studied in situ Fc receptor that they are probably identical.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Immunological characterization of mononuclear cells in thyroid gland and blood in Graves' disease, multinodular goiter and papillary carcinoma.

Mononuclear cell infiltrates in thyroid gland tissue sections from patients with drug-treated Graves' disease (n = 5), non-toxic nodular goiter (n = 12) and papillary carcinoma (n = 5) were characterized by immunological membrane receptors. T lymphocytes were identified using 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide hydrobromide (AET)-treated sheep erythrocytes (E) (E-AET). E sensitized with rabbit IgM antibodies (A) and human complement (C) (EAC) were used to detect receptors for C3b (B lymphocytes and monocytes) or C3d (B lymphocytes). E sensitized with rabbit IgG antibodies were used to detect receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (FcR; lymphocytes and monocytes). The results indicate that T and B lymphocytes infiltrate the thyroid gland in Graves' disease as well as in nodular goiter. T lymphocytes seemed to predominate in both disorders. In thyroid papillary carcinoma the number of B and T lymphocytes was negligible. However, EA absorbed strongly to sections from 3 of the 5 tumors studied, indicating the presence of FcR on tumor cells or infiltrating host cells. The percentage of active and total T lymphocytes in peripheral blood from the patients with drug-treated Graves' disease was markedly reduced (9 +/- 5 and 28 +/- 11%, controls 22 +/- 9 and 68 +/- 11%; p less than 0.01 and less than 0.001). In patients with nodular goiter the percentage of total T lymphocytes was slightly, but significantly decreased (p less than 0.05). We suggest that the marked decrease in blood T lymphocytes observed in Graves' disease might be caused by the drug therapy. In nodular goiter the predominance of T lymphocyte infiltration together with a slight decrease in blood T lymphocytes suggest that autoimmune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis.

Adult↗

PubMed1982

The heterologous immune complex glomerulonephritis. A dose dependent glomerulonephritis with acute, latent and chronic phases in a long-term study.

The pathophysiology, histology and immunohistology of acute and chronic heterologous immune complex glomerulonephritis were investigated in a long-term study in male Wistar rats. The glomerulonephritis showed 3 phases: an initial nephrotic syndrome, a latent phase with stable proteinuria (40 mg/24 h), and a terminal phase with increasing proteinuria and blood pressure, and declining serum protein concentration and creatinine clearance. Antiserum doses of 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml induced maximal proteinuria (112, 257 and 272 mg/24 h respectively) after 14 days whereas normal rabbit serum and 0.5 ml antiserum gave no proteinuria. After 100 days, the rats injected with 1.0 ml of antiserum did not show physiological signs of renal disease; in the rats injected with 1.5 ml of antiserum the disease run a chronic course. Equal amounts of rabbit IgG, rat IgG and rat C3 were found in 10 glomeruli from rats 100 days after injection of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml (p greater than 0.10). Intramembranous deposits and spike formation were observed in all groups. All changes increased with greater antiserum doses. Chronically diseased animals observed from 500 to 750 days showed deposits of rabbit IgG in the basement membrane, and in most animals small amounts of rat IgG and rat C3 were also observed. This is compatible with a sustained stimulus for antibody formation throughout the course of this type of glomerulonephritis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1982

In situ characterization of cell infiltrates in the dermis of human scabies.

Cell infiltrates in the dermis of biopsy specimens from skin lesions of seven patients with scabies were characterized by receptors for sheep erythrocytes (T-lymphocytes), Fc C3b (macrophages and B-lymphocytes) and C3d receptors (B-lymphocytes) using hemadsorption to cryostat sections in closed chamber. T-lymphocytes were also identified using an indirect immunofluorescence technique with rabbit anti-T-lymphocyte serum. All sections showed perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the dermis as judged by sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin. T-lymphocytes were the predominant cells in the infiltrates. Fewer macrophages and very few B-lymphocytes were detected. Cell-mediated immune response may be of importance in the pathogenesis of scabies.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Immunological characterization of sural nerve biopsies from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Among eight sural nerve biopsies from patients with the Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), demyelination was observed in five and endoneural mononuclear cell infiltrates in three. Receptors for the activated third component of complement (C3b) were detected within the nerve fascicles. The receptor activity was reduced in five biopsies, and in vivo deposition of C3 within the endoneurium occurred in four. Immunoglobulins were found in four biopsies and appeared to be localized along the myelin sheaths. Both T and B lymphocytes could be detected in the mononuclear cell infiltrates, but the relative proportions of these cells could not be determined. Macrophages present in two biopsies were found to possess IgG Fc receptors. The results indicate that the complement receptors may play a role in the binding of complement-containing complexes in the nerve during the GBS disease process.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Indirect haemagglutination for the demonstration of antibodies to renal antigens from rats.

An indirect haemagglutination (IHA) test using tanned sheep erythrocytes was developed to detect antibodies in sera from rabbits immunized with renal tubular epithelium (RTE) or with glomerular basement membrane (GBM) from rats. The RTE antigen preparation, called Fx1A, sensitized the erythrocytes directly, whereas the GBM preparation had to be treated with collagenase. THe antisera to Fx1A gave titres up to 64,000, and the antisera to GBM up to several million. The sera were monospecific, since they gave no cross-reactions in IHA, precipitation, or absorption tests. Using the IHA test, the quantitative aspects of experimental glomerulonephritis in rats can be studied. Preliminary results obtained in transfer experiments indicate a dose-response relationship between the titres in IHA and the degree of proteinuria.

Animals↗

PubMed1981

Ultrastructural and immuno-electron microscopic study in a case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.

Skin biopsies from a patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) were studied ultrastructurally and by immuno-electron microscopy. The specimens were taken from non-predilection areas as well as of the skin predilection areas of the patient. In vivo deposits of IgG were found below the lamina densa associated with the anchoring fibrils in all areas of the skin. The bullae and the artificial friction blisters appeared in the same position on the dermal side of lamina densa. The results suggest that epidermolysis bullosa acquisita is a distinct nosologic entity. The close resemblance of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita to cicatricial pemphigoid in immunofluorescence studies makes the use of immuno-electron microscopy important in the classification of the diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Isolation and characterization of Fc gamma receptors from human placenta.

Placental extract was prepared with Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.4 containing EDTA and 2-mercaptoethanol. It agglutinated erythrocytes (E) sensitized with subagglutinating amounts of IgG antibodies from rabbits, guinea pigs and mice, but not E sensitized with IgG from chickens. E or E sensitized with F(ab)2 or IgM antibodies were not agglutinated. The agglutination of EA by the extract was inhibited by human, rabbit and guinea pig IgG, but not by bovine and porcine IgG. Aggregated IgG was more inhibitory than monomeric IgG. IgG3 was the most effective subclass. The extract inhibited the formation of EA rosettes with human mononuclear cells, but did not influence the formation of E or EAC rosettes. The significance of the disulfide bonds and the C gamma 3 and C gamma 2 regions was implied by the finding that the extract neither agglutinated E sensitized with preparations of mildly reduced and alkylated IgG, nor with Facb fragments. These preparations did not inhibit the agglutination. The results strongly indicated that the active component was solubilized placental Fc receptor (FcR). Functionally active FcR was purified by affinity chromatography using aggregated human IgG coupled to Sepharose 4B. SDS-PAGE if the purified FcR under reducing conditions showed one distance band corresponding to approx. 47,000 daltons. The band neither consisted o Ig fragments nor Clq. A rabbit antiserum against the FcR inhibited the agglutination of EA by the extract and stained th FcR-positive areas in placenta.

Chromatography, Affinity↗