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Biomedical subjects

R M Sly

Publications and source records attributed to R M Sly.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Treatment of acute asthmatic attacks in a holding unit of a pediatric emergency room.

Four hundred and thirty-four children diagnosed as asthmatics in an emergency room were studied to evaluate the usefulness of treatment in a holding unit to minimize hospitalizations for the treatment of status asthmaticus and to facilitate early institution of effective therapy. Three hundred and twenty-eight children (76%) improved sufficiently following subcutaneous injections of epinephrine to be sent home. Of the remaining 106 patients, 71 were discharged after further therapy. Four of the patients discharged returned within one week requiring further therapy and eventual admission to the hospital. The average cost of hospitalization for 35 patients eventually admitted was more than five times the average cost of care for those treated only in the holding unit, and hospitalization for 24 hours would have more than doubled the cost of care for those discharged from the holding unit.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Airborne fungi and pollens of the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area.

Moulds and pollen allergies are common in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. In this survey airborne fungi and pollen grains were studied throughout 1977 by weekly sampling for determination of prevalence of types of fungi and pollens. Dominant pollen types were oak (April), pine (April) and ragweed (September), whereas those of fungi were Hormodendrum (June) and Aureobasidium (March).

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of serum theophylline concentrations measured by high pressure liquid chromatography and quantitative enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique.

Safe, effective theophylline therapy depends on the rapid determination of serum theophylline concentrations. Two rapid methods that require less than 0.1 ml of serum are high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantitative enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT). A comparison of these two methods was carried out using 117 serum samples routinely collected from asthmatic patients in Charity Hospital of Louisiana at New Orleans. After determination by the EMIT method, specimens were analyzed by HPLC in a different laboratory. Mean serum theophylline concentrations in 100 specimens containing more than trace concentrations were 14.5 mcg/ml by the EMIT method, compared with 12.1 mcg/ml by HPLC. The paired t test showed this to be a highly significant difference (p less than 0.0005). Whichever method of determination of theophylline concentration is used, frequent validation of results by comparison with those of other laboratories seems indicated.

Asthma↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between response to exercise and allergy in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Responses to treadmill exercise of 36 patients with cystic fibrosis were studied to evaluate their usefulness in identifying those with atopy. Ten of 36 patients with cystic fibrosis (28%) had an abnormal response to exercise but had no more frequent atopic characteristics than those who had normal exercise responses. Response to treadmill exercise alone cannot identify patients with atopic disease among those with cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Simultaneous use of rapidly absorbed and sustained release theophylline preparations in children.

Each of 12 asthmatic children received a single dose of Theolair, 5 mg/kg, a single dose of Theolair SR, 10 mg/Kg, or both Theolair, 3 mg/Kg and Theolair SR, 10 mg/Kg on three separate days. Administration of both preparations together was followed by serum theophylline concentrations significantly higher than Theolair alone at 2 or 12 hours and significantly higher than Theolair SR alone at every time except six hours. This method of theophylline administration may be useful in the asthmatic patient who requires medication only intermittently.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of Theolair SR and Theo-Dur tablets.

The effects of administration of single doses of 10 mg/kg of two sustained release theophylline preparations were compared in a double-blind, crossover study in eight asthmatic children. Serum theophylline concentrations were maintained well for 8-10 hours after administration of Theolair SR and 10 and 12 hours after administration of single doses of Theo-Dur.

Absorption↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of asthma in children with triamcinolone acetonide aerosol.

Triamcinolone acetonide aerosol, 100 microgram qid, was administered for 8 wk to 5 steroid-dependent asthmatic children and 10 who had not previously required continual corticosteroid treatment. Symptomatic control and pulmonary function improved in all 15 children despite discontinuation of oral corticosteroids in 3 of the steroid-dependent children. Determination of morning plasma cortisol concentrations disclosed no evidence of substantial adrenal suppression. Satisfactory symptomatic control has subsequently been maintained for 6 to 32 mo with doses of 100 microgram bid to 300 microgram qid without more extreme changes in plasma cortisol concentrations than were observed during the first 8 wk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effect of triamcinolone acetonide aerosol upon exercise-induced asthma.

The effect of triamcinolone acetonide aerosol upon exercise-induced asthma was compared with that of placebo in a double-blind, crossover study in 11 asthmatic children. Measurement of pulmonary function before and after treatment and before and after exercise disclosed inhibition of exercise-induced asthma in only three of nine children in whom exercise after inhalation of placebo caused bronchospasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Tympanometry in children with allergic respiratory disease.

The results of pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry were compared in 102 children who were being followed in allergy clinic for allergic rhinitis or asthma. Forty-five abnormal tympanograms were found in 30 children, including six type B tympanograms, 20 type C and 19 with reduced compliance. Acoustic reflexes were absent or elicited only at thresholds greater than or equal to 100 DbHL in 45 ears of 34 children. Agreement between two examiners and tympanometry improved significantly during the study from 62% to 75% and from 62% to 79%, respectively. Tympanometry is an important adjunct to the evaluation of allergic children and supplies objective information useful in teaching proper evaluation of signs of middle ear disease.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1978

Serum theophylline concentrations in asthmatic children.

Serum theophylline concentrations measured in 25 asthmatic children for whom continual therapy had been prescribed were found to exceed 8 mcg/ml more often in those receiving sustained-release theophylline preparations than those receiving short-acting theophylline preparations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of subcutaneous terbutaline with epinephrine in the treatment of asthma in children.

Comparison of the bronchodilator and cardiovascular effects of subcutaneous terbutaline and epinephrine in the treatment of acute asthmatic attacks in children disclosed that bronchodilation occurred with 5 min after subcutaneous injection of either drug (0.01 mg/kg, maximum 0.25 mg). Bronchodilation was maintained for 4 hr after administration of either drug. Small increases in pulse rate followed administration of terbutaline but not epinephrine. No clinically significant side effects were noted with either drug.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effect of treadmill exercise on asthmatic children.

Measurement of peak expiratory flow rate before and after treadmill walking repeated at hourly intervals in asthmatic children disclosed progressive decreases in exercise-induced asthma. Treadmill running was followed by more extreme excercise-induced bronchospasm than treadmill walking. Exercise-induced asthma occurred in some children whose heart rates did not reach 160 during treadmill exercise, and heart rate during exercise was not correlated with the extent of exercise-induced bronchospasm.

Asthma↗