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Biomedical subjects

R Lozano

Publications and source records attributed to R Lozano.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Pulmonary hydatidosis in the child (author's transl)].

In general, pulmonary hydatidosis supposes 22% of the cases treated in a general surgery unity and 4.9% correspond to infantile hydatidosis (98 cases). The authors establish an anatomico-pathological classification of the cyst and make a comparative study with adults. The authors then expound on the different types of complications after the differents treatments used to treat hydatid disease since 1952. Post-operatory morbidity is 4.7% and mortality of 0.9%. These percentages are related to the anatomico-pathological type of the cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

24-Methyl-23-dehydrocholesterol: a new sterol intermediate in C-24 demethylation from the nematodes Panagrellus redivivus and Caenorhabditis elegans?

Panagrellus redivivus produced 24-methyl-23-dehydrocholesterol as 4.0% of the 4-desmethylsterols when propagated in a medium containing campesterol as the dietary sterol. The re-examination of previous data revealed that Caenorhabditis elegans produced 1.8% 24-methyl-23-dehydrocholesterol when propagated in medium containing campesterol. 24-Methyl-23-dehydrocholesterol was not detected when the nematodes were propagated in medium containing 22-dihydrobrassicasterol or 24-methylenecholesterol. This may be a result of the greater efficiency of dealkylation of the latter two sterols. This is the first report of the natural occurrence of this sterol in a non-photosynthetic organism, and the first report in organisms that dealkylate 24-alkylsterols.

Acetylation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Metabolism of [14C]cholesterol to C-20 isomeric [14C]pregn-5-ene-3,20-diols in the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta.

After injection into male and female fifth-instar larvae of Manduca sexta, [14C]cholesterol was converted to C21 steroids, [14C]pregn-5-ene-3 beta,20-diols. These metabolites were isolated from 8-day-old pupae and were identified by TLC, HPLC, and GC-MS as the C-20 isomers of pregnene-3 beta,20-diol. They also were isolated from male and female meconium fluid (of 16-day-old pupae) following injection of [14C]cholesterol into 14-day-old pupae.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Semen analysis in men from Mérida, Venezuela, over a 15-year period.

To determine the possible changes in semen quality of Venezuelan men from 1981 to 1995, a retrospective analysis of semen volume and sperm concentrations was carried out for 2313 men from infertile couples. According to the sperm counts the sample was categorized in four groups: A, 0 sperm; B, <20 x 10(6) sperm/mL; C, 20-200 x 10(6) sperm/mL; D, 2200 x 10(6) sperm/mL. The percentage of men in each group was 9.1, 18.8, 63. 1, and 9.0%, respectively. The frequency of azoospermia and oligozoospermia (groups A and B) did not change over the last 15 years. On the contrary, the frequency showed a significant increase in group C and a decrease in group D. The range of the means of semen volume was 2.6-3.6 mL, linear regression analysis did not show a decrease in seminal fluid volume over time. The range of the means of sperm concentrations were 6.2-12.0 x 10(6) sperm/mL, 73-100 x 10(6) sperm/mL), and 230-340 sperm x 10(6)/mL in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant reduction in the means of sperm concentrations only in group D. Excluding the azoospermic group, the analysis of pooled data (B + C + D), did not show a significant change in the means of sperm density throughout time. In the semen samples with sperm counts below 200 x 10(6)/mL the means of sperm concentration did not change in the 15-year period of observation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunorestorative effect of thymostimulin on surgery immunodepression: experimental model.

The purpose of the present study is to ascertain the immunorestorative effect of two different drugs on immunodepression induced by small bowel surgical resection in an experimental model. The potential immunorestorative effect has been measured by the ability of the drug to avoid the delay of skin allograft rejection induced by surgery and the inhibition of CD4/CD8 index changes induced by surgery in spleen tissue. 120 Wistar-Furth rats (age 12-16 weeks) anesthetized with a single intramuscular dose of ketamine (25 mg), diazepine (4 mg) and atropine (0.1 mg) were allotted to two main groups. One group received a skin graft (SG) from Fisher 344 rats and was treated with placebo, Inmunoferón (AM-3 polypeptidic drug) or TP-1 (thymostimulin) before the experiment (groups I, II, III) or treated with placebo, Inmunoferón or TP-1 before the experiment and underwent enterectomy and anastomosis (groups IV, V, VI). On the 2nd, 5th and 8th postoperative days, biopsies of the SG were taken and the signs of rejection were microscopically studied and evaluated by a pathologist as zero, incipient, moderate or massive. The other group was treated similarly, but the animals did not receive a SG and were splenectomized 5 days later. CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subpopulations were identified by means of immunoperoxidase technique and monoclonal antibodies. Thymostimulin is able to stimulate the presence of SG rejection signs on the 2nd postoperative day in nonenterectomized animals and on the 8th postoperative day in nonenterectomized animals and on the 8th postoperative day in enterectomized rats and is able to avoid the decrease of the CD4/CD8 index in spleen tissue after surgical immunodepression.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Self-expanding prostheses as a palliative method in treating advanced colorectal cancer.

AIM: This work presents the results of the use of self-expanding prosthesis as a definitive palliative method for eliminating colorectal obstructions caused by advanced and unresectable tumours. PATIENTS: A total of 41 cases were included (29 men, 12 women) with an average age of 70.12 years (range 46-95 years). All cases were showed symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction. Wallstent prostheses were inserted. RESULTS: Locally unresectable colorectal tumours were disseminated in five cases, metastasis in 28 cases and other tumours in eight cases. In all patients the appropriate insertion was performed, eliminating the obstruction in 38 (92.6%) cases in 24-96 h. The morbidity rate was 6/41 cases (14.6%) with slight rectal discomfort in five and one case of bleeding. Posterior tolerance of the prostheses was good. FOLLOW-UP: Two spontaneous rejections, three episodes of subocclusion because of faecal impact and two obstructions caused by an invasion of tumours occurred. Overall, 33 cases (80.4%) died within 1-18 months, average of 4.5 months survival. CONCLUSIONS: Wallstent endoprostheses is a good alternative avoiding a colostomy and providing a good tolerance and comfort for the patient until death.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Recurrent digestive hemorrhage as a complication of an intraduodenal diverticulum].

Intraluminal duodenal diverticulum (IDD) is a rare congenital anomaly, which usually causes symptoms in adulthood. We report a 39-year-old woman, who presented several episodes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and who was successfully treated with surgery. The clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of the 56 cases published in the English and Spanish literature from 1975 to 1998 are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A study of the tolerability and effectiveness of nicardipine retard in cognitive deterioration of vascular origin].

INTRODUCTION: Nicardipine is a calcium antagonist which in previous trials has been shown to be effective in the prevention of stroke and the treatment of its sequelae, such as cognitive deterioration of vascular origin. We consider a phase IV study at primary care level to analyze the tolerability and efficacy of a retarded action formulation of 40 mg nicardipine. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this open, prospective, multicentric trial 6,375 patients took part, of whom 5,593 were evaluated (87.7%). All were diagnosed as having vascular-type dementia (Hachinski > 6) and were given treatment with nicardipine retard (40 mg/day/6 months). The patients were assessed on the Montorio (daily activity) and SPMSQ (cognitive function) scales at the first visit and after one, three and six months, together with a record of side effects. RESULTS: Only 0.9% of the patients recruited abandoned the study for problems of tolerability of the drug. The average improvement seen on Montorio's test was statistically significant from the first month, and reached 9% after six months. The 65.5% of the patients who started the study in seriously deteriorated condition showed improvement after six months. For the SPMSQ test, the average improvement was also statistically significant from the first visit and over 40% after six months. There was improvement in 64.4% of the patients who were severely deteriorated at the start of the study. CONCLUSION: Nicardipine retard is a drug which is safe and effective when used for the treatment of mental deterioration of vascular origin.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intracystic infection of liver hydatidosis.

BACKGROUNDS/AIMS: The aim of this study was to review the clinical presentation and management of patients with intracystic bacterial infection in liver hydatidosis. METHODOLOGY: The records of 480 patients suffering from liver hydatid disease treated at our institution were reviewed. Only 42 patients fulfilled intracystic bacterial infection criteria. We assessed the incidence, clinical and laboratory findings, diagnostic procedures and surgical approach in these cases. RESULTS: The incidence of intracystic bacterial infection was steady throughout the study period. Clinical and laboratory data are non-specific. Diagnostic procedures for intracystic bacterial infection, including liver computed tomography scan, are of limited value. Although both, radical and non-radical surgical approaches, were used in these patients, mortality was associated with non-radical surgery. The morbidity rate was high regardless of the procedure used. CONCLUSIONS: Our current goal in the management of intracystic bacterial infection, if overall condition of the patient is good, is to carry out a total or subtotal cystectomy in order to avoid mortality and hydatid disease relapses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of citicholine in subcortical dementia associated with Parkinson's disease assessed by quantified electroencephalography.

Two groups of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease underwent quantified electroencephalography (EEGq) using fast Fourier transfer to assess the effects of treatment with citicholine. Evidence of cortical cognitive impairment was seen in one group but not in the other. Certain parameters were established which enabled the two groups to be distinguished by examining specific EEGq indices. Specifically, differences were found in the overall potentials of the delta and alpha bands, in the alpha/theta index, in posterior activity, in the anteriorization index of the delta and alpha rhythms, and in the spatialization index of the alpha rhythm. The implications of these differences in the potential involvement of the frontal lobes in subcortical dementia in Parkinson's disease are discussed.

Aged↗