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Biomedical subjects

R Leonardi

Publications and source records attributed to R Leonardi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Antihypertensive drugs during pregnancy. Effects on the fetus].

After reviewing the literature on this topic, the paper examines fetal effects during maternal anti-hypertensive treatment, assessing both possible teratogenic results and fetal outcome. All anti-hypertensive agents cross the placental barrier and are present in varying concentrations in the fetal circulation, thus provoking varying effects on the cardiocirculatory apparatus and fetal metabolism. Some agents, such as alpha-metildopa, may be considered reliable, whereas others, like ACE-inhibitors, are still used with considerable caution, an attitude which will only change following extensive clinical trials and through post-natal checks.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1991

Pregnancy in the obese patient.

The authors considered the course of pregnancy, delivery and puerperium in 70 obese women (pre-pregnancy body mass index greater than 30) and some of the neonatal effects of obesity (weight and morbidity). The results have shown that pregnancy in obese woman presents a certain amount of risk which, however, seem inferior to what it has been believed to be so far. Moreover, the authors underline that in order to further reduce this risk it is necessary for the obese patient to be carefully counselled before pregnancy and controlled during the gestation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[A histological study of the meniscal insertion of the external pterygoid muscle].

The paper reports a study of the relationship between the upper head of the pterygoid muscle and the temporomandibular joint disc. Using optical microscopy, TMJ serial sections of 10 human embryos and fetuses aged from 6 to 22 weeks were examined. From the observation of serial sections, it appears that from the start of histogenesis the lateral pterygoid muscle is in contact with the condylar blastema and later with the disc and the condyle. A fibrous attachment was detected between the muscle tendon and the meniscus, and oxytalan and elastic fibres were observed near this attachment.

Gestational Age↗
PubMed1991

The residual ovary after hysterectomy.

Of 118 cases of patient who had undergone abdominal hysterectomy with the preservation of one or both the ovaries, only 73 patients (62%) attended for review. Eleven had had cysts of the residual ovary. The occurrence of an asymptomatic pathology in three cases suggest that patients, for whom preservation of an ovary was considered preferable, should undergo a periodic clinical and ultrasonographic review.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of factors associated with very low birth weight (less than or equal to 1500 g)].

In 7675 deliveries performed at the University of Messina between November 1, 1983 and October 31, 1988 we determined the incidence and obstetric factors specifically associated with the birth of very low weight infants (less than or equal to 1500 gm) (VLBW). Our purpose was to characterize these factors in order to determine what may be done to limit delivery rate of VLBW. Information obtained concerning the mothers' included socioeconomic status, age, parity, previous obstetric history, any maternal conditions affecting the pregnancy, route of delivery (vaginal or operative). The incidence of infants under 1500 gm was 1.1 per cent of live births. The etiologic analysis showed that preterm labor is more frequent cause of VLBW. In women under 17 years of age the incidence of VLBW was 5.2 per cent as opposed to 1.1 per cent in the total population. Absence of prenatal care was shown in 40.8 per cent of VLBW. The previous obstetric history reported 1 or more abortions in the 53 per cent and 1 or more perinatal deaths in 17 per cent of VLBW. The clinical implications of these results are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Transient electrocardiographic changes suggesting myocardial ischaemia in newborn infants following tocolysis with beta-sympathomimetics.

Serial electrocardiograms (ECGs) were studied prospectively in 80 apparently healthy newborn infants; 30 infants exposed in utero to prolonged tocolytic therapy (21 to ritodrine and 9 to isoxsuprine) and 50 infants non-exposed in utero to drugs (control group) matched for gestational age, Apgar score, and birth weight. Duration of exposure to tocolysis was at least 30 days (30-180 days) with an oral dosage of 10 mg 3 times daily. ECGs were graded for changes suggestive of ischaemia using the arbitrary grading system described by Jedeikin et al. In all infants with ECG features of myocardial ischaemia, serum creatine-phosphokinase iso-enzyme (CK-MB) activity was measured. Six out of 21 infants to ritodrine and six out of nine infants exposed to isoxsuprine showed a degree of ECG ischaemia which persisted for several weeks. No control infant presented grade 2 or 3 ECG changes after the 5th day of life. The results of this study seem to show that prolonged tocolytic therapy with beta-sympathomimetics has side-effects on the fetal myocardium and suggest that this treatment be reserved only for selective cases and/or for short periods of time.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1990

[Dental age evaluation in young subjects with Cooley's disease].

The AA. have evaluated dental age in growing subjects with Cooley's anemia. 34 patients aged from 4 to 11.8 years were clinically examined as far as the number of teeth erupted. Dental arches x-rays were taken for each patients to evaluate dental age according to dental development. From the data collected in our investigation it comes out that there were no difference between dental age and chronological age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

[Beta-mimetic tocolysis: maternal and fetal side-effects].

The literature on materno-foetal effects of the administration of beta-mimetic tocolytics has been examined. Data and series observed show a certain number of unwanted maternal and foetal effects of a metabolic and cardiocirculatory nature. Although these are usually reversible, they may, in conditions of latent pathology, turn into serious accidents. Critical evaluation of research carried out makes it possible to reiterate the usefulness of these drugs, always providing that the absolute need to use them can be demonstrated, and that their use is preceded by careful evaluation of the patient's cardiocirculatory and metabolic condition.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Twenty-four hour blood glucose profiles during insulin and insulin plus aprotinin subcutaneous administration in type I diabetes.

Twenty-four hour glucose levels were measured in nineteen insulin treated type I diabetics both during insulin plus aprotinin treatments and insulin by itself. Aprotinin--a proteinase inhibitor agent--administered together with insulin (10.000 KIU for every 10 U.I. insulin) did not influence the effect of insulin on blood glucose levels. These findings do not support the hypothesis that the administration of aprotinin together with insulin can be clinically useful in conventional insulin treated diabetic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multicentric experience on the acute effect of nomifensine in hyperprolactinemic women.

The inhibitory effect of nomifensine ( Nom ; 200 mg orally) on prolactin (PRL) secretion was studied in 15 subjects with puerperal hyperprolactinemia and in 59 pathologic hyperprolactinemic women. The latter were grouped as follows: i) patients with surgically proven PRL secretory pituitary adenomas (proven tumors; 27 cases); ii) patients presenting radiological signs of sella indicative of a pituitary tumor (presumptive tumors; 10 cases); iii) subjects with non-drug induced hyperprolactinemia (hyperprolactinemia of uncertain etiology; 22 cases). A mean PRL fall of 30% or more of baseline hormone levels in samples collected within the 120-240 min post-treatment interval was adopted to define responsiveness to Nom . In 24 out of 27 subjects with proven tumors and in 9 out of 10 subjects with presumptive tumors Nom did not induce significant variations in PRL secretion. In only 11% of the patients with surgery-confirmed or highly suspected tumors a hormone decrease greater than 30% was observed. In addition, 13 subjects with hyperprolactinemia of uncertain etiology did not respond to Nom administration. In 5 of these, additional data suggesting the existence of an adenoma were collected. Finally, 3 out of 9 Nom -responder patients presented either a polycystic ovary syndrome or transitory hyperprolactinemia. The finding that hyperprolactinemic women, who did not show clinical or radiological signs of a tumor and patients with highly presumptive or proven pituitary tumors may present comparable responses to Nom , suggests that this pattern may be indicative of an early manifestation of a PRL-secreting adenoma which has yet to evolve. The follow-up of Nom -non-responder hyperprolactinemic subjects who did not show clinical signs of harboring a tumor, is therefore advisable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Synergic activity of beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides vs. bacterial strains treated with sub-MIC concentrations.

The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the interaction between beta-lactamines and aminoglycosides against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria previously treated with sub-inhibitory doses of each antibiotic in the combination. Bacterial strains were: S. aureus ATTC 25923, S. mitis NCTC 3165, E. coli ATTC 25922, P. vulgaris ATTC 13315. Antibiotics used were penicillin G and gentamicin. The most synergistic combination was the ratio of 4 (penicillin G) to 1 (gentamicin) before and after sub-MIC treatment with penicillin.

Aminoglycosides↗