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Biomedical subjects

R Laroche

Publications and source records attributed to R Laroche.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Hepatic amebiasis in Bujumbura (Burundi). Apropos of 27 cases observed within a 16-month period].

The authors report on an experience in Africa about 27 cases of amoebic hepatitis diagnosed and treated in the University Hospital of Kamenge (Burundi) during a period of 16 months. Diagnosis was made mainly by liver ultrasonography and serological test (passive hemagglutination test). Classical clinical form was noted in 63% of the cases, atypical forms in 10 cases out of 27, mainly pseudoneoplastic ones (4 cases). Ultrasonography utilized 25 times displayed one or several liver abscesses in 20 cases. Serological test was positive greater than or equal to 128 in 25 cases out of 26. It has to be noticed that one case with a serodiagnosis at 1/32 (controlled) presented multiple liver abscesses through ultrasonography, and that the five cases with non significant ultrasonography had all a serodiagnosis greater than or equal to 128. This demonstrates the necessity of ultrasonographic control, as the intrahepatic collection might be delayed. Surgical treatment was applied to 6 patients, i.e. about 20% of the cases. The authors prefer actually puncture and drainage under ultrasonography, with exception in complicated forms and pseudoneoplastic ones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Partial congenital deficiency in factor V associated with an intestinal malabsorption syndrome due to lambliasis. A familial survey (author's transl)].

Owren's disease is a rare hemorrhagic diathesis which can occur in infancy as a severe hemorrhagic disorder. It also appears in adult life when clinical manifestations are those of acquired deficiencies of other coagulation factors. A familial survey enables a definite diagnosis to be made as it demonstrates the presence of deficiency in factor V in one or several members of the family. Such a case is reported in a young adult with an associated intestinal malabsorption syndrome due to lambliasis. After administration of vitamin K the deficiency in factor V remained an isolated disorder, and the hemostatic anomaly was found in three other members of the family. The deficiency was a partial one, which explains why the Owren's disease only became evident during the course of the malabsorption syndrome due to lambliasis which caused a reduction in the level of vitamin K dependent factors II, VII, and X.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Report on the international symposium on malaria. Marseille-Le Pharo (June 13-15, 1991)].

The International symposium on malaria which be held in Marseille on 13, 14, 15 June has been organized by the Institute of Tropical Medicine of French Army. This meeting was widely open to participants coming from all parts of the world (Africa, Thailand, Vietnam, European countries, Australia). Many lectures and two round tables were delivered about epidemiology, biology of Plasmodium, clinical features and new therapeutic agents. This first experience in France was of course extremely useful with the confrontation of the experience of French and English malariologists.

France↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[HTLV1 and coinfections].

After reminding the epidemiology of the HTLV1 infection the authors sum up the actually recommended diagnosis procedure. --Case finding by ELISA, confirmation by WESTERN-BLOT and/or RIPA (anti-gag and anti-env specificities), or even PCR which makes specific diagnosis of HTLV1/2. --Or if possible directly by PCR which has helped some authors to find provirus in seronegative people. Coinfections caused by HIV and by Strongyloides are the best documented. As a rule, HTLV1 seems to have rather a worsening effect on evolutiveness and on seriousness of the clinical picture caused by mixed infections, than the contrary (possibly for lack of experience and owing to slow evolution of HTLV1 pathology). Several mechanisms have been proposed concerning coinfections with HTLV1 and HIV (in vitro studies). --Immortalization of CD4 lymphocytes infected with HTLV1 by stimulating both IL2 and its receptor, and by activating lymphocytes with translocation of the replicating factor NF k B in the nucleus, on a promoting sequence of HIV-LTR by stimulating its replication. --The product of HTLV1 tax gene would also have a transactivating effect on the provirus HIV-LTR replication. And finally infection with HTLV1 may facilitate HIV by inducing CD4, molecule expression in non-expressing cells. In Strongyloides modulating effects of HTLV1 on the immune response would facilitate and predispose Strongyloides stercoralis multiplication. As far as other coinfections are concerned (caused by viruses, by parasites: such as malaria, filariasis, trypanosomiasis or by bacteria), epidemiological convergence (risk factors, and geographic distribution) on the one hand, and immunological dysregulation induced by the other, on the other hand, would be of varying importance. In conclusion, these data ask more questions than they answer. But it seems to be established that detection of HIV and Strongyloides should performed in every case HTLV1 carries and vice versa.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevalence of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a target population in the Republic of Djibouti].

The Prophylaxis Center of the Republic of Djibouti reports a prevalence investigation about AIDS seropositivity from January to May 1991 at risk people: the "street" prostitutes and "bar" prostitutes in Djibouti town. This serological investigation confirmed by WESTERN-BLOT technique shows the quick-growing of AIDS seropositivity in Djibouti.

Blotting, Western↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Otorhinolaryngologic aspects of Kaposi's sarcoma in Africa].

Such aspects are numerous from a disease with multiple factors among them immunodeficiency playing a key-role. O.R.L. aspect are more frequently observed than some ten years ago: this is mainly due to Kaposi's sarcoma in its epidemic form. Nevertheless one has to keep in mind that Kaposi's sarcoma in this endemic african form coexists with its second form without any well-marked border. Finally, many uncertainties are still existing among others its very peculiar cancerous nature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Medical treatment of lymphatic filariasis].

Lymphatic filariasis remains in 1991 a major health problem. Ivermectine revolutionizes their treatment and, by suppressing microfilaremia, provides a new method of helping to control the vector-borne transmission of lymphatic filariasis.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Maxillofacial location of Burkitt's lymphoma in Africa (apropos of 7 cases)].

Omnipresent disease, Burkitt's lymphoma is the most frequent non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma in children (NHML). As a matter of course, maxillo-facial lesions are not exclusive, as we thought thirty years ago, but it is evident that they are extremely frequent in tropical areas. They strike all facial quadrants. Their aspects are always impressive, they perfectly diminish by a well applied polychemotherapy.

Africa, Central↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Infectious diarrhea in African acquired immunodepression syndrome (AIDS). Apropos of 100 patients studied in Bujumbura (Burundi)].

The authors carried out a prospective survey on 100 cases of AIDS in order to find out the different etiologies of infections diarrhoea in terms of frequency and diagnosis behaviour. 84 out of 100 patients got diarrhoea. All 100 patients had their stools examined, 78 underwent high digestive fibroscopy with irrigation and aspiration of duodenal liquid (IADL), 40 duodenal biopsies. 98 infecting agents were revealed in stool exams, 50 in IADL, 7 at the occasion of histopathological exam of duodenal biopsies. All together, stool exams and IADL gave evidence that Isospora belli and Cryptosporidium are the opportunistic infecting agents most often revealed (16.2 and 13.1 p.c., respectively). The role of yeasts in diarrhoea is not evident, but esophageal candidosis is the most frequent opportunistic digestive infection (48 p.c.). Anguillula is the only intestinal worm appearing to play a role: the role of bacteria and viruses cannot be evaluated precisely, but histopathological study revealed neither an atypical mycobacteriosis nor a virus disease (herpes, cytomegalovirus). If diagnosis appears to be still difficult in 1989 when confronted with AIDS and diarrhoea, it seems highly advisable to examine the stools, to perform high digestive fibroscopy with IADL and biopsies. On the other hand, indications for colonoscopy appear to be restricted.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Kaposi's sarcoma in Burundi and the Central African Republic in the framework of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

The authors carried out in 1985 a survey in two French speaking States in Central Africa, namely Burundi and Central African Republic (C.A.R.), in order to study the links between Kaposi sarcoma (K.S.) and A.I.D.S. In Burundi the prospective study conducted in Bujumbura, lead to collect in one year 25 cases of K.S. out of them 24 linked to A.I.D.S. No group at risk has been identified. The 24 K.S. linked to A.I.D.S. present a stage IV (cutaneous and visceral form) in 21 cases. 20 of them got an associated affection, 5 being tuberculosis bacteriologically confirmed. All of them present a cellular immunity deficiency. Evolution was fatal in 22 cases out of 24, average presumption of survival was 10 months. In C.A.R., retrospective survey conducted in Bangui made possible to find out 24 cases in 4 years, of which 20 having had a L.A.V. antibodies research, were considered. 9 of them were linked to A.I.D.S. No group at risk. 7 patients presented a sporadic form, 6 an African endemic form, 7 an epidemic form with associated infection. Out of 9 LAV positive patients, 5 deceased. Out of 11 LAV negative patients, 3 deceased with a A.I.D.S. clinical aspect. This survey carried out in Burundi and in C.A.R. demonstrates that K.S. is significantly in increase in these two countries. In Burundi it is significantly linked to A.I.D.S. In C.A.R., classical African K.S. do exist (sporadic, endemic), as well as K.S. linked to A.I.D.S., as underlined recently in Bayley's publications in Zambia. Since A.I.D.S. has been detected, it does exist an outbreak and a new clinical form of K.S. in Central Africa.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗