Porcelain veneers: chairside color correction.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to R L Bertolotti.
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Recent advances in adhesive monomers and surface preparation methods allow strong resin adhesion to all intraoral metal surfaces. Resin-metal bond strengths may exceed typical resin-etched enamel bonds. Innovations in prosthetic procedures have resulted. Data for metal adhesion are reviewed and the use of intraoral metal adhesion to finalize an occlusal rehabilitation is illustrated. Included in the metal surface preparations are intraoral sandblasting and intraoral tin plating.
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A technique is presented for repair of fatigue-fractured fixed partial dentures with an overlaid, bonded porcelain/metal repair. The repair techniques utilize recent advances in resin-to-metal and resin-to-porcelain adhesion. Clinical procedures are given for adhesion of repair castings to intraoral porcelain or metal surfaces. Metal surface preparation techniques depend on the chemistry of the metal and include intraoral tin plating of noble metals. Direct adhesion of composite resin luting agents is used for base metals.
A repair technique is presented for elimination of "black line" crown margins and extension of margins onto cervical surfaces. A resin bonding agent that adheres simultaneously to metal, porcelain, and dentin is utilized to expedite completion of the repair. The bonding resin is opaqued with a light-curing, filled resin and then covered with a suitable composite resin. This technique updates a previously published technique by eliminating glass-ionomer cement liners and liner etching and improves both efficiency and esthetics of the repair.
The status of casting alloys is presented with regard to metallurgical considerations, clinical properties, sales, and evolution of alloys from a historic perspective. Alloys are classified on the basis of 1) normal-fusing (non-porcelain bonding); and 2) high-fusing (porcelain bonding) and on nobility within these two groups. Part I of this two-part series details normal-fusing alloys. High-fusing alloys will be discussed in Part II.
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A method is given for calculating interfacial shear stress in porcelain-fused-to-metal restorative materials. Thermal history of the porcelain and dynamic stress relief relations are utilized to predict interfacial stress as a function of temperature. Calculations are in agreement with experimental results based on the deflection of bimaterial strips and are consistent with previously reported data.
The method of beam bending has been demonstrated for measurement of creep rate as a function of temperature. Representative high gold-, gold-palladium-, and palladium-silver-based alloys have different activation energies for high temperature creep, and thus their relative "sag" behavior is expected to depend on the temperature at which the comparison is made. Near the solidus temperature, creep rates for the alloys investigated differ by an order of magnitude and become increasingly different at lower temperatures. Depending upon the presently unknown mechanisms involved in "sag" and in "margin opening" during porcelain firing, control of activation energy has varying potential for modifying creep-induced discrepancies of PFM restorations.