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R Kattermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Kattermann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Gas chromatographic determination of di- and trisaccharides (author's transl)].

Three new methods are reported for the gas chromatographic analysis of di- and trisaccharides. Method I: Sugars are converted into their methoximes by reaction with methoxylamine hydrochloride in pyridine, followed by esterification with acetic anhydride. The separation is performed on OV 225 at 260 degrees C. Method II: Disaccharides are reduced to the alditols with sodium borohydride in aqueous solution, followed by acetylation with acetic anhydride in pyridine. In this method, only one peak is observed for each sugar. The derivatives are separated on OV 225 at 260 degrees C. Method III: Sugars are converted into their methoximes by reaction with methoxylamine hydrochloride in pyridine, followed by trifluoroacetylation with N-methyl-bis (trifluoroacetamide). The trisaccharide derivatives still show sufficient volatility. The separation is performed on OV 101 at 130 degrees C for disaccharides, and at 160 degrees C for trisaccharides. The retention times for biologically occurring di- and trisaccharides such as maltose, maltotriose, lactose, and sucrose are reported. The reliability criteria for method I are reported for the analysis of lactose, maltose and sucrose.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1978

[Metabolic behavior in pre, intra, and postoperative total parenteral feeding with a carbohydrate combination and amino acid solution].

Ten metabolically healthy patients who had undergone gastric resection were fed intravenously from the preoperative to the 5th postoperative day. No metabolic alternations were observed by using a low dosis of 0.12 mg/kg.h of glucose, fructose and xylitol in combination with amino acids. We were able to limit the so-called postaggressive syndrome by eliminating the fasting state. These results were proven by evaluating the most important metabolic parameters like triglycerides, free fatty acids, lactate and by measuring the carbohydrate-nitrogen balances.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (author's transl)].

This contribution presents data from the literature as well as our own results concerning the mechanisms of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). 1. Blood chemistry: In patients with liver cirrhosis, the plasma levels of ammonia, phenylalanine, tyrosine, phenolic acids, and octopamine correlated with the stages of HE. Methionine and free tryptophan concentrations were increased only in stages 2-4. Further, branched chain amino acids were below the normal range. Experimental findings in animals elucidated some mechanisms of these changes. 2. Effects of administered substances: With ammonia, methionine, methanethiol, tryptophan, phenolic substances, and fatty acids central nervous disturbances were observed. 3. Interactions: Anemia, methanethiol, and fatty acids favored ammonia toxicity. Alkalosis diminished cerebral symptoms. 4. Neurotransmitters: HE was accompanied by an enhanced turnover of serotonin and by increased amounts of false neurotransmitters (like octopamine) in the brain. 5. Oxydative brain metabolism: Disorders of cerebral oxygen and glucose utilization were mainly documented in cases of long term HE with EEG alterations. 6. Structural changes of the brain: Most of them are irreversible.

Alkalosis↗
PubMed1976

[Normal cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum: comparison of enzymatic and colorimetric methods (author's transl)].

Three methods were used to determine the normal ranges for cholesterol and triglyceride in serum of 385 blood donors (289 men, 96 women, aged 18-50 years). Enzymatically determined cholesterol levels had an upper normal range to 6.73-6.99 mmol/l (2.6-2.7 g/l), i.e. lower than with the colorimetric method. The upper range for the triglycerides was 2.28-2.85 mmol/l (2.0-2.5 g/l). Both variables were age and sex-dependent. It is suggested that in assessing lipid levels they should be divided into normal, border-line and definitely abnormal values.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Lipodystrophy of the extremities. A dominantly inherited syndrome associated with lipatrophic diabetes.

A female patient with the following symptoms has been observed: complete absence of subcutaneous fat on the arms and legs, well developed adipose tissue on the trunk and face, severe hyperlipidemia, eruptive xanthomas, insulin resistant diabetes mellitus with lack of ketoacidosis, hepatomegaly and elevated basal metabolic rate. The patient thus exhibited all characteristics of lipatrophic diabetes (Lawrence type of diabetes). The mother and a sister of the patient were found to have the same peculiar appearance and a slight hyperlipidemia but no diabetes mellitus. The combination of this type of partial lipodystrophy with severe hyperlipidemia, insulin resistant diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis and elevated basal metabolic rate was further observed in 2 unrelated patients without known familial occurrence. Thus partial lipodystrophy of the extremities is another, previously undescribed, syndrome associated with the Lawrence type of diabetes mellitus. In the 1 family the syndrome of lipodystrophy and hyperlipidemia is dominantly inherited. Besides the autosomal recessively inherited syndrome of congenital generalized lipodystrophy there is a heterogenous group of dominantly inherited syndromes with various types of lipodystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Enzymatic determination of total cholesterol in serum: accuracy and comparison with other methods (author's transl)].

Cholesterol can be specifically measured without difficulty and without complex reagents by means of a newly developed enzymatic colour test. Intensive technical evaluation confirmed its accuracy. Manual use gave a day-to-day coefficient of variation of 2-3 per cent; the sensitivity at a cholesterol concentration of 200 mg/dl was E equals 0.153 (gamma equals 405 nm), with a linearity up to 1000 mg/dl. Recovery of added pure cholesterol solution was 100 plus or minus 2 percent. A quantitative study of 53 representative drugs, anti-coagulants and metabolites was performed both in test tube and on patients. Accuracy of the result was unaffected by any of the substances (alpha equals 0.05). Comparison with the multi-step extraction method used at present as a reference (Abell-Kendall) gave a regression equation of y equals 0.99 times plus 1.1 (x axis: extraction method; y axis: enzymatic colour test). The direct chemical method after Liebermann and Burchard gave, in part, markedly differing results because of considerable systematic and accidental errors.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1975

Follow-up of "non-diabetic" relatives of diabetics by retesting oral glucose tolerance after 5 years.

Of 743 first degree relatives of diabetics in whom oral glucose tolerance tests had been performed in 1967 488 were re-tested in 1972. Among the original "normals" (n = 353) 17.6% had developed a "subclinical" and 1.3% an "overt diabetes" within 5 years. The original "subclinical diabetes" (n = 118) showed a remission to "normal" in 35.6% and a progression to "overt diabetes" in 13.6%. 3 out of the 17 formerly "overt diabetes" were found to be "normal" after 5 years and 3 were "subclinical diabetics". Thus the performance of an oral glucose tolerance test is of limited prognostic value in the individual case. In both studies a higher prevalence of abnormal test results occurred in the older age groups and in overweight subjects. Remission or deterioration did not depend, however, on age or on weight changes. The frequency of abnormal tests was higher in males than in females, but the tendency towards the development of diabetes was more pronounced in females, in accordance with a previous observation of a higher age dependance of glucose tolerance in females.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Influence of the conservative cholelitholytic therapy using chenodesoxycholic acid (CDC) on cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood of patients with gall stones].

In 11 patients with radiolucent gallstones treated for 3-18 months with chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC) serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured. No significant changes of serum cholesterol and triglycerides could be observed during the course of longterm treatment with CDC. After 3 and 6 months a not significant decrease of serum triglycerides (20.8% and 26.4% respectively) compared to pretreatment values was observed. Since hypercholesterolemia had been suggested to occur as a hazardous side-effect of CDC-treatment the results in accord with cholesterol pool size measurements suggest that long-term treatment with CDC does not result in hypercholesterolemia and an increased cholesterol pool-size.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid↗