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Biomedical subjects

R Kattermann

Publications and source records attributed to R Kattermann.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Decreased carbohydrate content of rat plasma apolipoproteins in galactosamine hepatitis.

The total carbohydrate content and the monosaccharide composition of plasma apolipoproteins isolated from normal and D-galactosamine-treated rats were investigated. In the lipoprotein classes VLDL, LDL and HDL of control animals, the carbohydrate content was 5,5%, 3,4% and 2,9% of dry weight apolipoprotein, respectively. 24 h after galactosamine treatment, these values dropped to 1.8%, 1.6% and 2.3%. The reduction of the carbohydrate content in VLDL and LDL was mainly due to a decrease of the following monosaccharides: Mannose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid. Minor changes were observed in the fucose, glucose and N-acetylgalactosamine content. Particularly, the mannose/galactose ratio in the LDL fraction fell from 2.3 in control animals to 1.0 in the galactosamine-treated animals. In another series of experiments, the time course of these carbohydrate alterations in the LDL apolipoprotein was studied. As early as 3 h after galactosamine application, we found a reduction of the mannose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine levels, with the absolute minimum at 24 h, and later on a normalization at 48 and 72 h.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1981

[The need for a specific postoperative, total parenteral nutrition therapy after various intra-abdominal procedures].

119 metabolically healthy surgical patients, who had to undergo elective intraabdominal surgery, were separated into upper -- cholecystectomy, gastric resection -- and lower -- colonic and sigma surgery -- intraabdominal procedures and divided into 8 groups with different infusion regimes. During the early postoperative period patients with upper abdominal surgery had significantly higher postoperative enzyme changes compared with patients with lower abdominal surgery. Patients with cholecystectomy had the significantly highest postoperative enzyme changes. On postoperative day 6 the enzyme changes showed a significant dependence from the duration of total parenteral nutrition, the chosen calorie-nitrogen-ratio, and the chosen energy substrate, xylitol or glucose. We could show a significant negative correlation between the extent of the stimulation of hepatic lipid synthesis and the protein parameters. Of all chosen infusion regimens xylitol in a dose of 0.11 g/kg BW X h together with the high amino acid infusion rate of 1.76 g/kg BW X day had the most favourable effect on the extent of stimulation of hepatic lipid synthesis, the late postoperative enzyme changes and the synthesis rate of visceral proteins. This study could demonstrate, that different intraabdominal surgical procedures need a more specific nutritional therapy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1981

[Comparison of xylose and glucose as energy sources in hypocaloric, postoperative parenteral nutrition].

After a 5 day preoperative preparing period 24 metabolically healthy patients, who had to undergo gastric resection, were fed postoperatively by hypocaloric total parenteral nutrition for a 5 day period. Group I (n = 13) received 0,11 g Xylitol/kg BW X h; Group II (n = 11) received 0,11 g Glucose/kg BW X h; Both groups received 1,71 g L-crystalline amino acids/kg BW X day. During the whole postoperative period group II had significantly higher serum Glucose and Insulin levels. Due to the high postoperative Insulin concentration in group II. Free Fatty Acids, Acetate, beta-Hydroxybutyrate and Branched Chained Amino Acids were significantly lower. The augmented release of Muscle Amino Acids and the covering of a part of the energy expenditure by increased Fatty Acid oxidation in group I led to a higher postoperative synthesis rate of visceral proteins. From postoperative day 3 on Transferrin and from postoperative day 6 on Albumin and Total Protein were significantly higher in group I. This study could demonstrate, that due to its special role in the intermediary metabolism during the postoperative period Xylitol leads to a significantly higher regeneration rate of visceral proteins compared to Glucose during total parenteral nutrition.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[A micromethod for the determination of N-acetylneuraminic acid in glycoproteins (author's transl)].

a micromethod is described for the determination of free or glycoprotein-bound N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) on the basis of oxidation with periodic acid and reaction with thiobarbiturate. When using athe Eppendorf microliter system the method is easy to perform, the lowest level of sensitivity being 0.2 nmoles NANA in the incubation mixture. The intraassay precision comprises 3.0% CV, the interassay precision 4.3% CV. The accuracy of the results obtained by this micromethod was proved by comparative experiments with the macromethod according to Warren ((1959), J. Biol. Chem. 234, 1971-1979) using sialyllactose, transferrin and fibrinogen as reference materials.

Glycoproteins↗
PubMed1980

[Differences in postoperative metabolism after pre- and postoperative beginning of total parenteral nutrition].

In this study we intended to investigate the influence of a 24-h-preoperative total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy--10 surgical patients, group 1--compared with the postoperative beginning of TPN--9 surgical patients, group 2--on the postoperative metabolism. Most probably due to preoperatively depleted glycogen storages in G 2, the urinary carbohydrate losses declined more rapidly postoperatively compared with G 1. 45 mMol/l of sodium did not cover the postoperative requirements of G 1. Although we administered 90 mMol/l of potassium/24 h, several patients of G 1 needed an additional substitution. No additional phosphate substitution was necessary in either group. Except for a slight positive balance on the operation day, fluid balance was well balanced on all the other days in G 1. From postoperative day 2 on, G 2 developed a deficit of free water. It could be demonstrated very clear in this study that the postoperative fluid and electrolyte requirements are strongly influenced even by a short-term preoperative fasting period.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Lipoproteins and apolipoprotein patterns in rat plasma after liver injury induced by D-galactosamine.

The effect of galactosamine administration on the concentration and composition of plasma lipoproteins was studied in female rats. After a single intraperitoneal injection of 3.48 mmol galactosamine/kg the following alterations occurred within 24 h: Disappearance of alpha-lipoproteins as shown by agarose electrophoresis, increase of abnormal lipoproteins in the beta- and pre-beta-region. These changes corresponded to a two- to three-fold increase of VLDL and LDL and a decrease of HDL to 20-30% of normal after sequential ultracentrifugation. When compared to control animals, galactosamine-treated rats exhibited an abnormal chemical composition of their plasma lipoproteins: A nearly total loss of cholesterol esters, but an increase of free cholesterol and phospholipids, particularly in the LDL and HDL density classes. Moreover, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 8M urea revealed a clear diminution of all C-apoproteins in the VLDL and HDL density class and a complete disappearance of the A II band in the HDL fraction 24-48 h after galactosamine administration. These lacking apoprotein bands reappeared 72-168 h after galactosamine treatment. The same effects could be obtained by lower doses of galactosamine (2.32 and 1.16 mmol/kg, respectively) which led only to slight increases of hepatocellular enzymes in the plasma. It is concluded therefore, that galactosamine administration in experimental animals leads to profound, but reversible alterations in the synthesis and/or secretion of plasma lipoproteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Postoperative metabolism--differences between pre- and postoperative start of total parenteral nutrition (author's transl)].

We investigated the postoperative metabolism of patients undergoing gastric operation by beginning total parenteral nutrition pre- (group 1) and postoperatively (group 2). A third group remained fasting until 3 h after the surgical intervention. Because of the high serum glucose concentrations and the high glucose losses in the 24-h-urine on the operation day in group 1 and 2 only the basic glucose requirement (150--250 mg/24h) should be given in the early postoperative period. The low blood glucose concentration in group 3 and the elevated lactate values in group 2 underline this recommendation. Compared with group 2 and 3 group 1 had low free fatty acid concentrations of 250 muVal/l because of the continuous pre-, intra-, and postoperative infusion. Compared with normal metabolic conditions the free fatty acids don't seem to have the same insulinantagonising effect in the posttraumatic state. The fall of cholesterol after the surgical trauma reached its maximum after 12--15 h and amounted to about 40mg% in the first two groups. Albumin and total protein fell continuously in group 1 and 2. The electrophoresis in group 1 showed a rise of alpha 1-, and alpha 2-globulin to more than double the initial value, the beta-globulin showed only slight changes, the gamma-globulin dropped only slightly up to the 4th postoperative day. As a sign of an augmented catabolism the serum urea concentration rose during the postoperative state. Group 1 and 2 had a favourable nitrogen balance. The postoperative bilirubin rise could be held lower in group 1 compared to group 2.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1980

[Electrostimulation anaesthesia and neurolept anaesthesia for cholecystectomy. A comparative study (author's transl)].

In 26 patients, undergoing cholecystectomy under electrostimulation anaesthesia (ESA) (n = 14) and neurolept anesthesia (NLA) (n = 12) the effects on consumption of anaesthetic agents, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, blood gases, lung function, serum cortisol and awareness are compared. Consumption of anaesthetic agents was 21.6 per cent in ESA compared to 100 per cent in NLA. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate and serum cortisol were elevated in ESA compared to NLA, probably due to elevated stress. Awareness 4 hours after anaesthesia was higher in ESA, probably due to less persistence of anaesthetics. Blood gases 1 hour after operation were slightly better after ESA, as also were forced vital capacity and peak flow one day after operation. The results are discussed.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1979

[Differences in postoperative metabolism in reference to pre- and postoperative initiation of total parenteral nutrition. I].

We investigated the postoperative metabolism of patients undergoing gastric resection by beginning total parenteral nutrition pre- (group 1) and postoperatively (group 2). A third group remained fasting until 3 h after the surgical intervention. Because of the high serum glucose concentrations and the high glucose losses in the 24-h urine on the operation day in group 1 and 2 only the base glucose requirement (150--250 g/24/h) should be given in the early postoperative period. The low blood glucose concentration in group 3 and the elevated lactate values in group 2 underline this recommandation. Compared with group 2 and 3, group 1 had low free fatty acid concentrations of 250 micronVal/l because of the continuous pre-, intra-, and postoperative infusion. Compared with normal metabolic conditions, the free fatty acids do not seem to have the same insulin-antagonizing effect in the posttraumatic state. The fall of cholesterol after the surgical trauma reached its maximum after 12--15 h and amounted to about 40 mg% in the first two groups. Albumin and total protein fell continuously in group 1 and 2. The electrophoresis in group 1 showed a rise of alpha 1- and alpha 2-globulin to more than double the initial value, the beta-globulin showed only slight changes, the gamma-globulin dropped only slightly up to the 4th postoperative day. As a sign of an augmented catabolism the serum urea concentration rose during the postoperative state. Group 1 and 2 had a favourable nitrogen balance. The postoperative bilirubin rise could be held lower in group 1 compared to group 2.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Liver injury and lipid metabolism: sex differences in the fatty liver induced by d-galactosamine.

The time-course of plasma lipid alterations and of triglyceride accumulation in the liver was investigated in male and female rats 12, 24 and 48 hours after treatment with 3.48 mmole/kg (0.75 g/kg) D-galactosamine (Ga1N). In the early stages of Ga1N-induced liver injury the concentrations of triglycerides, phospholipids and total cholesterol decreased, while in the later stages these values in the plasma increased above normal, especially in male animals. In contrast, glucose concentrations continually decreased, while free fatty acid (FFA) levels rose to twice those normal in female animals. Male animals had significantly lower FFA-values throughout the experiment. Consistently, the triglyceride accumulation on liver was 75 mg/g in female animals 24 hours after Ga1N administration, while male animals in the average showed only 33 mg/g triglycerides. Similar fatty infiltrations were obtained in female animals with the rather low doses of 1.16 and 2.32 mmol/kg Ga1N. It is concluded that the increase of FFA-influx after Ga1N administration is the main cause for fatty infiltration, the sex differences in the plasma FFA concentrations explaining the net differences in liver triglyceride accumulation. Additional effects in the pathogenesis of fatty liver might stem from disturbed glycosylation reactions and/or an altered secretion and metabolism of lipoproteins after Ga1N-induced liver injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Creatine kinase isoenzymes: idiopathic occurrence of creatine kinase BB activities in patient serum (author's transl)].

By differentiation of creatine kinase isoenzyme activities in sera using immunological methods the published data about occurrence of creatine kinase BB activities in patients with different diseases or after surgical treatment, respectively, cannot be verified in general. With a frequency in the order of magnitude of 1 : 1000 in the serum of old patients (age 57 to 85 years with one exception), however, creatine kinase BB activities can be measured. The range of activities is 15 to 234 U/1, or 19 to 94% of total creatine kinase activities, respectively. At the present time there is no possibility to correlate this phenomenon to any specific disease. These cases are detected by abnormally high results of CK-MB activity measurements with the immunoinhibition test (range 60 to 202% of total creatine kinase activities) which lead to a repeated analysis using immunoprecipitation. The results of all CK-BB patients investigated till now are presented and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Various metabolic effects in total parenteral feeding using a carbohydrate combination and amino-acid solution in the pre- and postoperative phase].

Ten metabolically healthy patients who had undergone gastric resection were fed intravenously from the preoperative to the 5th postoperative day. After the 24-hour preoperative infusion period the concentration of cholesterol, free fatty acids and alkaline phosphatase dropped significantly. So did the concentration of uric acid. During the postoperative period cholesterol and uric acid continued to fall. The concentration of free fatty acids remained low all the postoperative days. From the second postoperative day on the triglycerides rose continuously. Serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and serum lactic dehydrogenase reached their highest level on the first postoperative day. On the same day the alkaline phosphatase dropped to the lowest level. Five patients had a rise of total bilirubin up to 1.1 mg/100 at the end of the infusion period.

Adult↗