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Biomedical subjects

R Jian

Publications and source records attributed to R Jian.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Gastric emptying and intragastric distribution of lipids in man. A new scintigraphic method of study.

We measured gastric emptying of fat and water from a solid-liquid meal in healthy volunteers using a tubeless scintigraphic method. Selenium-75 glycerol triether, incorporated in butter, was the lipid-phase marker, and technetium-99m, ingested with 250 ml water, the non-lipid phase marker. In seven of these subjects we also measured the gastric emptying of solids and liquids with technetium-99m bound to cooked egg whites as the solid-phase marker and indium-111 ingested with 250 ml water as the marker of the solid and aqueous phases. Emptying and intragastric repartition of each marker were measured by detection of radioactivity changes over the abdominal area using a gamma-camera. The stability and the specificity of the labeling was checked for each marker. Mean gastric emptying rate (expressed as percentage ingested marker emptied per hr) of lipids (17.4 +/- 2.4) was much lower than that of the rest of the meal (34.2 +/- 1.8) and slightly, but significantly, lower than that of solids (22.8 +/- 1.8). An intragastric layering of fat above nonlipids was observed only after the first postprandial hour and remained moderate. Thus, lipids are emptied more slowly than any other component of an ordinary meal, and this is not due only to layering of fat above water.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Colonic inhibition of gastric secretion in man.

The effect of colonic infusion of various solutions on submaximal pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretion was determined in healthy volunteers. Hypertonic (823 mOsm/kg) glucose, mannitol, and saline, and also isotonic glucose significantly induced a marked and sustained inhibition of gastric acid secretion of 74%, 66%, 79%, and 54%, respectively. A similar degree of inhibition was obtained for pepsin secretion with hypertonic glucose and mannitol. Isotonic triglycerides and isotonic saline solutions had no significant effect on gastric acid secretion. Hypertonic glucose, mannitol, and saline infusions significantly increased plasma concentrations of enteroglucagon, whereas other solutions had no effect. No correlation, however, was found between the percentage rise of enteroglucagon and the percentage inhibition of gastric secretion obtained from any of the three hypertonic solutions. The physiological significance of these findings remains to be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Gastric emptying of an ordinary meal in man. Study by a radio-isotopic method (author's transl)].

A radio-isotopic method was used to study the gastric emptying of an ordinary meal in 15 control subjects. The technique developed may be used for direct measurement of the early phase of gastric emptying and a simultaneous study of emptying of liquid and solid phases, respectively labelled with Tc99m and Cr51. Emptying of the liquid phase of the meal takes place in accordance with a mono-exponential curve in relation to time, the T 1/2 of which is 54 min +/- 6 (MSD). Emptying of the solid phase is significantly slower than that of the liquid phase. The reproductibility of the method was confirmed and the imprecision of each measurement does not exceed 5%.

Chromium Radioisotopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of fundus vagotomy on the gastric emptying of the solids and liquids of a meal in patients with and without postoperative duodenal ulcer recurrence].

The effects of fundic vagotomy (FV) on gastric emptying in the solid and liquid phases of a meal were studied by an isotopic technique in 12 patients with duodenal ulcer. Postoperative results were compared with those obtained in the same subjects before FV and with control values obtained in an identical group of healthy subjects. Early gastric emptying (perprandial) of the two phases of the meal was enhanced by FV but the results failed to reach statistical significance. Gastric emptying of liquids, measured during the 3 h following the end of the meal, was not significantly modified by FV (half-emptying times: 62 +/- 5 min before FV, 75 +/- 8 min after and 65 +/- 7 min for controls). That of solids was significantly delayed by FV (per cent emptied by min: 0.50 +/- 0.02 p. 100 before FV, 0.40 +/- 0.03 p. 100 after, and 0.49 +/- 0.02 p. 100 for controls); this delay was found in all but one patient, but the difference was very slight. Eleven of the 12 investigated patients cured by the operation, were compared with 6 subjects presenting with post FV recurrence: gastric emptying rates of solids (0.41 +/- 0.02 p. 100/min and 0.47 +/- 0.07 p. 100/min) and half emptying times of liquids (72 +/- 10 min and 61 +/- 10 min) were not significantly different. Thus, the gastric emptying rate of an ordinary meal remains practically unchanged by FV and postoperative recurrences of duodenal ulcer cannot be explained by alteration of gastric evacuation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ileal duplication in adults. Value of 99m pertechnetate scintigraphy].

Duplications of the small bowel are an uncommon group of congenital malformations whose symptoms rarely occur in adults. We report the case of a 21 year-old man who suffered during four years from symptoms related to the ulceration of ectopic gastric mucosa in an ileal duplication (spontaneously resolving peritonitis, pelvic abscess, recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic abdominal pain). Radiological and endoscopic explorations and a first laparotomy failed to provide the diagnosis. 99m pertechnetate (99mTcO4) scintigraphy demonstrated ectopic gastric mucosa and guided the radiological detection of an ileal ulceration. Injection of 99mTcO4 during a second laparotomy located the ectopic gastric mucosa at the level of a tumefaction found on the mesenteric side of the terminal ileum. Duplication was only recognized at pathological examination of the ileal resection. This case emphasizes the need to evoke a duplication in clinical circumstances like those described in this patient as well as the usefulness of 99mTcO4 in the diagnosis of such a malformation.

Adult↗