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Biomedical subjects

R J Rycroft

Publications and source records attributed to R J Rycroft.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Patch testing with preservatives at St John's from 1982 to 1993.

We have reviewed our patch test results for preservative allergy from 1982 to 1993. 8 preservatives were included: formaldehyde, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol (Bronopol(TM)), quaternium-15 (Dowicil 200TM), imidazolidinyl urea (Germall 115TM), diazolidinyl urea (Germall IITM), parabens, 5-chloro-2methyl-isothiazolin-3-one (Kathon CG(TM)) and 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane (one of the constituents of Euxyl K 400TM). Whereas the allergy rate to formaldehyde is quite stable, there is a slight increase in the imidazolidinyl urea allergy rate. Quaternium-15's rate is decreasing and 5-chloro-2-methyl-isothiazolin-3-one plus 2-methyl-isothiazolin-3-one's rate, after a rapid rise, seems to have stabilized. Although very important constituents of cosmetics, preservatives not only induce allergies on the face but also on the hands, and, as expected, the allergy rate in men and women generally differs. Among the 5 formaldehyde-releasers, there are some favoured simultaneous reactions: quaternium-15 and formaldehyde, and diazolidinyl urea and imidazolidinyl urea. Concomitant reactions between 1-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol and formaldehyde are not common, and those between 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol and diazolidinyl urea, and formaldehyde are not very common. This supports the hypothesis that allergic reactions to the Germalls are directed toward the initial molecule rather than to formaldehyde.

Dermatitis, Allergic Contact↗
PubMed1994

Cement dermatitis in underground workers during construction of the Channel Tunnel.

The construction of the Channel Tunnel is one of the largest civil engineering projects ever undertaken. The British drive employed 5900 underground workers, and a number developed dermatitis during 1990/1991. As a result, the Translink Joint Venture (TLJV) Medical Centre set up a surveillance programme aiming to monitor and investigate the men working closely with cement as well as other groups of workers with skin problems. Men attended the Medical Centre voluntarily and were assessed, including history, examination and patch tests to a series of 15 test substances (from the European standard series) where indicated. A programme of education about the hazards of working with cement was instituted, including leaflets, videos, local newspaper articles and personal explanation by the Medical Centre staff. Between January 1990 and January 1992, 1138 men were seen at the Medical Centre regarding their skin and 332 were diagnosed as having occupational dermatitis, past or present. Patch tests were performed on 180 men from all trades. Of the 800 grouters, 466 (58 per cent) were assessed and 111 had a history of occupational dermatitis at some time. Many gave a history of a single episode of dermatitis during a particularly hot and wet phase of tunnelling. Patch tests performed on 86 grouters showed allergy to chromate in 56 (65 per cent). Of the 466 grouters assessed, 17 per cent had positive patch tests to chromate but men with no skin problems past or present were not patch tested. Cobalt allergy was often found with chromate allergy (50 out of 56).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis: absence of contact sensitivity to glucocorticoids, oestrogen and 17-alpha-OH-progesterone.

Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis is a rare condition, characterized by recurrent premenstrual exacerbations of a dermatosis, in which sensitivity to progesterone can be demonstrated. The sensitizing mechanism is unknown. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that cross-sensitivity between steroid groups could induce allergy to endogenous progesterone in these patients. 5 patients with autoimmune progesterone dermatitis and 1 with oestrogen-sensitive dermatitis have been patch tested with a corticosteroid series, conjugated oestrogen 1% in petrolatum (pet.), and 17-alpha-OH-progesterone 2% pet. There were no immediate or delayed reactions at 2 and 4 days to any steroid group. We have therefore been unable to demonstrate steroid cross-sensitivity, or a use for 17-alpha-OH-progesterone in the investigation of oestrogen - and progesterone-sensitive dermatoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Irritant contact dermatitis in warehouse employees.

A detailed survey of skin complaints amongst 114 airline employees working in a new warehouse revealed 26 cases of skin problems which originated during the 2 1/2 year operation. A clinical survey of broadly the same population confirmed 14 cases from 98 employees as chronic irritant contact dermatitis of the hands. The work involved the reception, unpackaging, inspection, repackaging and dispatch of aircraft parts. The source of the skin irritation was not to be found in the work itself. Rather, the presence among the employees of two severe cases of non-occupational eczema, combined with the idea that incoming aircraft parts from foreign countries might be 'dirty' in some way, had caused a heightened perception of a risk of skin disease, and the frequency of hand washing had increased as a result. Over-frequent hand washing in a few employees had resulted in precisely what the warehouse staff had been trying to avoid.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1993

Allergic reactions to a hairdressers' series: results from 9 European centres. The European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group (EECDRG).

To obtain data on the frequency of sensitization among European hairdressers, the patch test results from 9 centres were evaluated. 8 allergens recommended by the ICDRG and EECDRG in the hairdressing series and PPD from the standard series were used to patch test 809 hairdressers and 104 clients suspected of contact sensitization. Among hairdressers, the mean frequencies of sensitization ranked as follows: GMT 19%, PPD 15%, APS 8%, PTD 8%, ONPPD 4% and PADH 4%. In contrast to GMT in acid permanent waves, the frequency of sensitization to AMT in alkaline permanent waves was only 4%. Frequencies of sensitization to pyrogallol and resorcinol were 0.8% and 0.6%, respectively. The frequencies of sensitization showed marked regional variations, particularly that to GMT, which was highest in Germany (51%), followed by Spain (22%) and London (19%). Clients of hairdressers showed a similar rank order of sensitization frequency, with the exception of APS, which was completely negative in this (small) series.

Beauty Culture↗