Biomedical subjects
R J Rubin
Publications and source records attributed to R J Rubin.
Ames' mutagenic activity in recycled water from an Israeli water reclamation project.
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Intra-abdominal desmoid tumor.
Intra-abdominal desmoid tumors are known to be associated with familial polyposis coli, but have not been previously described in association with carcinoma of the sigmoid colon. This is a case report of a patient with intra-abdominal desmoid tumor associated with carcinoma of the sigmoid colon which manifested as a small-bowel obstruction. This appears to be the first case of its kind reported.
Perineal repair of rectal procidentia with an elastic fabric sling.
The use of a Dacron-reinforced Silastic graft in the perineal repair of rectal procidentia offers a simple technique for elderly and debilitated patients. Experience with this procedure in nine patients, followed for two years, indicates that this elastic material appears to have substantial advantages over wire or synthetic mesh in the perineal repair of rectal procidentia.
Enrichment of albumin and IgG in the airway secretions of dogs breathing ozone.
A study was undertaken of the acute effect of the inhalation of ozone (1.0-1.5 ppm) on the concentration of proteins in the airway secretions harvested from the trachea of intact anesthetized dogs. Secretions were first collected during a control day during which room air was breathed. The dogs breathed ozone (1.0-1.5 ppm) on a second day. This protocol permitted each dog to serve as its own control. During the inhalation of ozone the concentration of total aqueous-soluble proteins, as well as of albumin and IgG were not significantly effected. However, when expressed as a percentage of total protein, both albumin and IgG were significantly enriched in the secretions. The quantitative changes of certain proteins in airway secretions may be an important reflection of the pulmonary response to ozone.
Intussusception complicating intestinal intubation with a long Cantor tube: report of four cases.
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Recent developments in the prevention of rabies.
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Tracheobronchial secretions collected from intact dogs. I. Protein and mucous glycoprotein composition.
Tracheobronchial secretions (TBS) were collected in situ from intact, anesthetized dogs, and the protein composition and distribution were studied. TBS were separated into supernatant and pellet phases by centrifugation. The supernatant phase comprised 85%, by weight, of the secretory mixture; yet it contained only 58% of the total protein. Peptides of apparent molecular weights ranging from 16,000 to 154,000 daltons were present in the supernatant phase. Electrophoretic and immunochemical comparisons with canine serum suggested that certain of the peptides were of plasma origin including albumin, IgG, IgA, and IgM. Albumin and IgG comprised approximately 70% of the supernatant phase protein. Three percent of the total TBS protein was contributed by the peptide portion of mucous glycoproteins (mucins), and 97% of the mucin protein separated into the pellet phase. When compared to mucus collected from a canine tracheal pouch, TBS was less concentrated in mucins, and differences were observed in electrophoretic profiles between the two samples.
Tracheobronchial secretions collected from intact dogs. II. Effects of cholinomimetic stimulation.
The effect of cholinomimetic stimulation on the quantity and composition of tracheobronchial secretions (TBS) collected from intact dogs was studied. After the administration of methacholine chloride, the collection rate of TBS increased over threefold within 10 min and returned to the control level by 50 min. Even though there was an increase in the total amount of protein collected, the protein concentration of the secretions decreased initially by 40%, returning to normal by 30 min. This was the result of an apparent dilution of the secretions by nonproteinaceous components. In addition, at 10 min, there was an increase in the protein associated with mucins. These responses were blocked by the preadministration of atropine. When TBS was separated into supernatant and pellet phases by centrifugation, we found that, following methacholine, there was a 35% increase in the ratio of albumin to IgG in the supernatant phase. These results suggest that the increased secretion due to methacholine may result, in part, by a selective filtration of fluid from the interstitial and/or vascular compartment(s) with proteins appearing in the secretory mixture based partially on their size.
Protein degradation in canine tracheobronchial secretions.
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Influenza B-associated Reye's syndrome: incidence in Michigan and potential for prevention.
Prospective surveillance for Reye's syndrome in Michigan revealed the occurrence of 46 cases between December 15, 1973 and June 1, 1974. In an attempt to determine the incidence of influenza B-associated Reye's syndrome, a randomized point-prevalence survey of 1,041 schoolchildren was done in a county in Michigan where there had been simultaneous outbreaks of influenza B and Reye's syndrome. Of the children tested, 20% had titers of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody to influenza virus B/Hong Kong/5/72 of greater than or equal 1:20. Based upon this countywide survey, the incidence of Reye's syndrome following influenza B was estimated as between 30.8 and 57.8 cases of Reye's syndrome per 100,000 cases of influenza B. A detailed epidemiologic investigation of the patients who developed Reye's syndrome indicated that the syndrome occurred four times more frequently in children living in rural areas than in children in the urban areas of the state. These studies indicate that, in addition to antecedent viral infections such as influenza B, factor(s) that are most likely extrinsic or environmental also play a role in the pathogenesis of Reye's syndrome.
Recurrent idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis.
This study reports the clinical and pathological findings in a patient with recurrent membranous glomerulonephritis following transplantation of an HLA-identical kidney. Such a recurrence has been previously reported only once, although membranous glomerulonephritis is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. This case confirms that membranous glomerulonephritis may occasionally recur following renal transplantation and demonstrates that immunofluorescence and electron microscopic studies may be necessary to distinguish recurrent, membranous glomerulonephritis from the membranous changes frequently seen with chronic rejection. In light of the apparent low incidence of recurrent membranous glomerulonephritis, renal transplantation remains an excellent therapeutic option in this disease.
Electrocoagulation of villous adenomas of the rectum.
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Diagnostic criteria for influenza B-associated Reye's syndrome: clinical vs. pathologic criteria.
Between December 15, 1973, and Jun 30, 1974, a total of 379 cases of Reye's syndrome was reported to the Center for Disease Control. One hundred forty-seven (40%) were confirmed by either autopsy or biopsy, while 232 were diagnosed by clinical and laboratory parameters. Comparisons of the epidemiologic and demographic characteristics, the hospital course, the outcome, and the laboratory abnormalities of the clinically diagnosed and the pathologically confirmed cases revealed no significant differences. In the epidemiologic setting of influenza B outbreaks, children who have the acute onset of noninflammatory encephalopathy associated with elevated serum transaminase levels, hypoprothrombinemia, and elevated blood ammonia levels should be considered to have Reye's syndrome. Further evaluation of diagnostic criteria is needed, however, for sporadically occurring, nonepidemic cases of noninflammatory encephalopathy associated with hepatic dysfunction.
Reye's syndrome: clinical progression and evaluation of therapy.
The hospital course and therapy of 369 patients with Reye's syndrome were evaluated. Eighty-three percent of patients had deepening coma during hospitalization. Stage of coma on admission, evidence of increased intracranial pressure, and blood ammonia levels greater than 300 microgram/100 ml were all significantly associated with increasing mortality. Among survivors of Reye's syndrome, 30% of those who developed either decerebrate posturing or seizures during hospitalization had serious neurologic sequelae upon discharge. When analyzed by (1) stage of coma during admission (2) progression of coma during hospitalization, (3) degree of blood ammonia level elevation, and (4) presence of increased intracranial pressuring, no significant differences were noted between patients receiving intensive supportive care and those receiving exchange transfusions and/or peritoneal dialysis.
Therapeutic bilateral renal infarction in end-stage renal disease.
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Bupivacaine, a long-acting local anesthetic, in anorectal surgery.
The long-acting local anesthetic, bupivacaine, was used in a series of 467 anorectal patients, both inpatients and outpatients. Bupivacaine was found to be safe and effective. Like other local anesthetics, it has none of the operative and postoperative complications frequently associated with general or spinal anesthetics. Its longer duration of action makes it extremely useful in anorectal operations on hospatilized and non-hospitalized patients. The potential hypertensive effects of using epinephrine in the local anesthetic solution appears to be negated by the calming, hypotensive effects of the intravenously administered sedatives in hospitalized patients.