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Biomedical subjects

R J Morgan

Publications and source records attributed to R J Morgan.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Home enteral tube feeding with a liquid diet in the long term management of inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal failure.

A 35-year-old man, who had spent 10 1/2 out of 18 months in hospital, has required repeated courses of intravenous nutrition (IVN) because of nutritional failure due to severe inflammatory bowel disease. He has been maintained on a nocturnal pump-fed liquid diet supplementing his day-time oral diet for five months, four of which have been at home. The cost of such therapy is less than with an elemental diet and there are other advantages. This regime has been shown to be nutritionally adequate. The need to assess other cheaper liquid diets in patients with intestinal failure is recognised.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Plasma unconjugated oestriol and unconjugated oestradiol-17 beta in late pregnancy: individual fluctuation of concentrations from day to day and every 10 minutes.

Plasma unconjugated oestriol (E3) and unconjugated oestradiol-17 beta (E2) were determined by radioimmunoassay. In ten normal women in their last month of pregnancy the individual fluctuation of E3 concentrations (mean of the coefficients of variation, CV) from day to day (over 5 days) was 15.6% (range 6.4--26.2%). The individual fluctuation of E2 determined in eight of these women was 16.9 (10.4--25.5) %. In six of the same women who had blood samples collected every 10 min (for 3 h) the individual fluctuation of E3 concentrations was 13.8 (7.0--25.1) %, and of E2 was 16.1 (11.3--26.0) %. The degree of fluctuation of E3 in individuals was in proportion to the mean concentration, unlike E2, suggesting that in clinical practice individual changes in E3 values would be as easy to interpret at low levels as at high levels. The finding that concentrations of plasma unconjugated E3 fluctuate in individuals no more than for E2 or than reported for total E3, and less than reported for 24-h urinary oestrogens, lends practical support to the theoretical preference for the assay of plasma unconjugated E3 to assess fetoplacental function.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Müllerian duct remnants in the male.

Persistent remnants of the caudal Müllerian duct in the male may occasionally give rise to symptoms and pose a problem of management. We describe 13 cases which have been seen over a 24-year period. In 4 cases the remnant took the form of a cyst, whilst the other 9 had tubular utricular structures. Not all had an associated maldevelopment of the genitalia and there was no relationship between the size of a tubular remnant and the degree of genital abnormality. Infection generally appeared to be related to the presence of obstruction to the free drainage of the contents of the remnant, and epididymitis occurred where free reflux into the vasa was present. Apparent incontinence was sometimes the result of urine pooling in the utricular pouch. The radiological demonstration of these structures was not always easy and in our experience voiding cystourethrography was the best means of achieving a diagnosis. Surgical excision of these structures can be difficult, and if they do not produce symptoms they should be left alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Bilateral total ureteric bypass in the management of renal tubular acidosis.

Nephrocalcinosis and the subsequent obstruction of the ureters by urinary calculi can be a major problem in the management of a patient with renal tubular acidosis. We describe the case history of a girl with this condition in whom the interposition of segments of ileum between the kidneys and bladder, thus bypassing the ureters, had been used in an attempt to overcome the problem of recurrent ureteric obstruction by calculi.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1978

Procarbazine (Natulan) in the treatment of Peyronie's disease.

Thirty-four men with Peyronie's diseases were treated with a 12-week course of the drug procarbazine (Natulan), preceded or followed by a 12-week course of vitamin E. Ninety-one per cent of the men failed to improve or became worse whilst receiving Natulan and toxic side-effects were common. In comparison 39% improved whilst taking vitamin E. We concluded that Natulan is of little benefit in the treatment of this condition and may indeed be harmful.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

A critical evaluation of the results of transurethral resection of the prostate.

In a review of 1057 consecutive prostatectomies of which 95% were performed transurethrally, carcinoma was present in 11.8%. There were 10 deaths within a month of operation (0.9%), 9 of these patients having been exceptionally old and unfit. The rate of complications and the end results appear to justify using transurethral resection as the method of choice for prostatectomy whenever it is feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Utilization of the convolution integral to calculate rates of melatonin secretion into blood and CSF of sheep.

Due to the anatomical location of the pineal gland on the dorsal surface of the third ventricle, melatonin may be secreted either into the blood or into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). To determine the route of secretion in sheep, simultaneous samples of blood from the jugular vein and of CSF from the cisterna magna were obtained during an endogenous surge of melatonin secretion. Making the assumption that the distribution of melatonin in sheep could be modeled as a time-invariant linear system, two simultaneous equations were developed in which the only two unknowns, the input function into the blood and into the ventricles, were convolved with weighting functions derived from the concentration profiles obtained following the injection of known quantities of melatonin into the jugular vein and into the lateral ventricle. The respective input functions were evaluated following deconvolution in the frequency domain. The quantity of melatonin secreted into the blood was more than 100 times greater than that secreted into the CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Hearing loss due to combined effects of noise and sodium salicylate.

This study reports on hearing loss due to the combined effects of noise and sodium salicylate. A group of 10 adult chinchillas was used to test the hypothesis that the combined effects of prolonged exposure to noise and continuous salicylate intoxication will result in a larger Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS) in the audibility curve than either of the agents alone can produce. Extensive behavioral training was used to determine hearing thresholds. Though use of shock avoidance techniques, the animals were trained to respond to tones by jumping a low barrier. After demonstrating sufficient ability in behavioral training, the animals were surgically rendered monaural. After recovery from surgery, monaural threshold data were obtained. The animals were exposed in a chamber to 85 dbA broadband noise for 48 h to measure TTS. The chinchillas were allowed to recover for a minimum of 45 days; then a second monaural audibility curve was obtained. The chinchillas were then injected subcutaneously with sodium salicylate at 6 h intervals to establish TTS-producing serum salicylate levels. After 36 h of salicylate exposure, the animals were placed in a noise chamber. For the next 42 h the animals were exposed to both sodium salicylate and 85 dbA noise. The results of this study indicated the chinchillas' hearing threshold is reduced in sensitivity by approximately 35 dB due to broad-band noise exposure of 85 dBA intensity. Serum salicylate levels of 20-40 mg per 100 ml resulted in a TTS of 30 dB on the average. The combination of noise and sodium salicylate exposure produced a temporary hearing loss of approximately 55 dB. These data suggested that the combination of prolonged noise and salicylate exposure may result in a larger hearing loss than either agent alone can produce.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ultrasonic detection of cardiovascular flow disturbances.

Blood flow that is disturbed or turbulent may have a significant effect on the development of cardiovascular disease. A method is presented here for detecting periods of disturbed flow using autocorrelograms of the audio signal from a pulsed ultrasound Doppler velocity meter (PUDVM). Autocorrelograms describe quantitatively how the form of a signal changes over time. We produced steady laminar and turbulent pipe flow in a hydraulic test tank, and computed autocorrelograms of the audio signal of the centerline velocity as detected by the PUDVM using fast Fourier transform techniques. We have shown that the autocorrelation coefficient averaged over a short length of time (64 ms) is significantly higher for laminar than for turbulent flow. We have also produced pulsatile flow in our hydraulic tank and computed the mean autocorrelation coefficient at different phases of the flow cycle. The regions of disturbed and undisturbed flow were predicted from the steady flow results. The disturbed flow first appears during the period of the highest forward velocities. These results indicate that the mean autocorrelation coefficient can serve as an indicator of the presence of flow disturbances.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗