Biomedical subjects

R Ionescu

Publications and source records attributed to R Ionescu.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Histo-topographic variations of pharyngolaryngeal cancer].

The authors carried out comparative research into the topography and the histopathological nature of pharyngo-laryngeal cancers in Zaire and in countries in other continents. They found that in all countries, cancers of the larynx seem mainly located on the vocal cords, but that pharyngeal cancers, and more especially those in rhino-pharyngeal sites which are seen more often in Asiatic than in European countries, occur very frequently in Zaire. From the histopathological point of view, they show that contrary to the high frequency of differentiated spinocellular epitheliomas often described in European countries, most pharyngo-laryngeal cancers which they observed were usually undifferentiated epitheliomas.

Humans↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Has this patient a cancer? The assessment of weight loss, anemia and erythrocyte sedimentation rate as diagnostic tests in cancer. A retrospective study based in a secondary care university hospital in Romania.

INTRODUCTION: "Has this patient a cancer?" is a question we frequently ask ourselves in front of some symptoms, signs or laboratory results like weight loss, anemia and high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The aim of this study is to assess their value in the diagnosis of cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study of the records of 5500 patients admitted in the Department of Internal Medicine during the 1998 January-September period has been performed, selecting those patients with weight loss, anemia (Hb < 10.5g/dl) and ESR > = 50 mm/h. RESULTS: The three diagnostic tests (anemia, high ESR and weight loss) had a low sensitivity (37, 52 and 46%, respectively), but a good specificity (92, 89 and 94%, respectively). For a 4% prevalence of cancer, as seen in our group, the resulting negative predictive value for the three tests was estimated respectively at 97, 98 and 98%, the post-test probabilities being estimated at 3, 2.2% in the case of negative tests. For a parallel utilisation of the tests, the sensitivity was 87%, the specificity 79%, the positive predictive value 15% and the negative predictive value 99%, the post-test probability in the case of a negative test being 1% [LR(-) = 0.17]; for serial utilisation, the specificity grew at 99.6% (CI: 99-100%), the positive predictive value (as the post-test probability in the case of a positive test) being 51% (CI: 50-53%) [LR(+) = 24.62]. INTERPRETATION: Any patient admitted in our department of Internal medicine has a 4% probability of having a cancer. Among those with weight loss, anemia and high ESR, one patient out of two has a cancer; among those with weight loss and anemia, 44% have a cancer; and among those with weight loss and high ESR, one out of three has a cancer.

Anemia↗

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Psychomotor functioning in unipolar and bipolar affective disorders.

The performances of unipolar and bipolar depressive patients and also of a control group on motor, verbal and mental components of psychomotor functioning were clinically and psychometrically evaluated and compared at a univariate and multivariate level. The groups were similar with respect to age, sex, educational level, illness onset age and depression severity. In univariate comparisons of test-based assessments of psychomotor functions the overall tendency was towards a more pronounced retardation in unipolar depressive patients compared to bipolar ones and controls, the differences being marked on some measures and relatively small on others. Multivariate analyses using scores on 20 psychomotor variables revealed a rather good discrimination of the depressive groups, 78.57% of cases being correctly classified, with 0.80 sensitivity for unipolar patients and 0.75 specificity. Clinical evaluation of spontaneous psychomotor activity did not reveal notable differences between the two depressive groups.

Analysis of Variance↗

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[The sociocultural correlates of psychopathic personalities].

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Anthropology, Cultural↗

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Personality disorders in students with depressive pathology.

In a group of 111 students with depressive disorders, 70% presented a concurrent personality disorder and nearly 15% had prominent personality traits. The unstable, obsessive, hysteric and dysthymic types of personality disorders were relatively more frequent, the higher percent of cases (27.3%) being included in the mixed subgroup of these disorders. The patients with personality disorders had: an earlier age of affective illness onset, a more marked depression severity, a higher frequency of recurrent and nonreactive depression forms. Nonbipolar major depressive disorders were associated with the presence of unstable and dysthymic types of personality disorders, while minor depressive disorders were related with hysteric, asthenic and mixed ones.

Adolescent↗

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Personality traits of psychotic and nonpsychotic depressive patients.

Personality traits of 46 psychotic depressive patients (PD) were compared with those of two matched control groups of nonpsychotic endogenous (NPED) and nonpsychotic nonendogenous (NPNED) depressive patients. Discriminant analyses using personality variables point to more marked differences between PD and NPNED patients than between PD and NPED ones. PD and NPNED groups had opposite traits on the bipolar personality scales of obsessionality vs. hysteria and self-sufficiency vs. group dependence; anxiety, present in both groups, was more pronounced in the NPNED patients. The dependence, introversion and prominent obsessional traits were the distinctive attributes of PD patients when compared with NPED patients. The results are discussed in terms of the two alternative hypotheses concerning psychotic depression: one considering delusions as a function of depression severity and the other as a distinct pathological trait. Our data do not support the exclusive validity of either of these two models.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied