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Biomedical subjects

R Hofmann

Publications and source records attributed to R Hofmann.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Blood count, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity, and blood sugar levels in Wistar rats as a function of the reaction type (level of higher nervous activity) of the animal].

The corpuscular blood composition, ALP activity and glucose level of 20 E+ and 20 E- adult male Wistar rats were measured without stress. We wanted to find differences due to the specific reaction type--emotive/non-emotive--of the animals. E+ animals had higher counts of small erythrocytes and a higher total number of leucocytes than E- rats. When the compositions of the blood of several inbred strains were compared, the composition of the red blood, total number of leucocytes and lymphocytes of E- -Wistar rats and E- -Sprague-Dawley rats were most similar. Differences in the activity of the ALP and in the glucose levels we found are similar to those in literature on this topic. When measured in a condition of inactivity the lower glucose values of E+ Wistar rats correspond to the excretion of smaller amounts of urinary catecholamines. Our findings, as well as those mentioned in the literature, confirm the assumption that the reaction type--which corresponds to the type of higher nervous activity--influences all functions of the organism including the composition of the blood.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

[Serum concentration of the pregnancy-associated alpha2 glycoprotein (alpha2-PAG, protein of the "pregnancy zone", PZ) in malignant gynecologic diseases].

The concentration of pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (alpha2-PAG, PZ) was investigated by means of electroimmunodiffusion and single radial immunodiffusion in sera of 30 patients suffering from malignant genital diseases. Results of electroimmunodiffusion indicate that surgical and/or radiological treatment is followed by a significant decrease of PZ serum level. But few months later values have been measured as detected before therapy. There were no significant differences of PZ levels in dependence on localization, histological findings and stage of gynaecological cancer. These findings indicate that periodic determinations of serum PZ do not supply the diagnosis for controlling the course of gynaecological cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Disturbance due to traffic noise at night].

In order to obtain bases for the establishment of threshold values in the new environmental law, a random sample survey with 1600 persons in urban and rural areas has been made on the degree of disturbance by street traffic noice in the night.

Circadian Rhythm↗
PubMed1977

The macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test for the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole and choriocarcinoma. Preliminary report.

In 1970, Field and Caspary reported that lymphocytes from patients with malignant disease can be stimulated by a basic protein from human brain (human encephalitogenic protein--HEP). The stimulated lymphocytes are capable of releasing the macrophage-slowing factor, which reduces the electrophoretic mobility of guinea-pig macrophages. In general, this effect was not found with lymphocytes from patients without malignant disease. This paper deals with the application of the MEM test using HEP and HCG as antigen in the diagnosis of trophoblastic disease. We have found cellular sensitization against HCG in all patients with gestational trophoblastic tumours and against HEP in patients with hydatidiform moles of the group II or III as well as choriocarcinoma. Patients with malignant tumours of different localization showed a cellular sensitization against HEP, but only some against HCG. In pregnant women no cellular sensitization against HEP as well as HCG was detected. The results of the MEM test using HEP as antigen in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumours are compared with the clinical findings and the histological diagnosis. By means of this combination a more exact evaluation of the biological activity of the trophoblastic disease was obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Pregnancy proteins].

Proteins, which are elevated in their blood concentration in pregnant women and patients suffering from malignant tumours, are reported because of their growing significance for the clinical practice. At present mainly are the following "pregnancy" proteins of clinical relevance: human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), human placental lactogen (HPL), placental heatstable alkaline phosphatase (HAP), pegnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein ("pregnancy zone" protein, PZ), socalled pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (SP1) and alpha1-fetoprotein (AFP). Applications to the clinical practice may be the surveillance of normal pregnancy, the recognition of dangerous conditions for mother and fetus, the inhibition of graft rejection, the induction of abortion, antibodies against pregnancy proteins as abortifacient and antifertilizer as well as the tumour diagnosis including the control of treatment and recognition of recidives.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Immunochemical investigations on the protein of the "pregnancy zone". XI. Serum concentration of the pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (Pregnancy Zone protein) in normal pregnancy (author's transl)].

A quantitative study of the pregnancy zone proteins was made in the sera of 383 healthy pregnant women by means of radial immunodiffusion according to Mancini and co-workers. The serum levels related to a pregnancy serum standard were measured from the 6th to 44th week of pregnancy. The serum concentration of the protein showed a considerable individual variation. The mean concentration began to rise in gestational weeks 8 to 24. Until the week 32 a rather stable average level was reached. Before delivery a slight decrease was observed. Women with over term pregnancies showed particular high mean concentrations. The differences of serum levels were statistically significant until the gestational week 14.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test in malignant gynaecological diseases.

All patients examined [52] with malignant disease of the female genital tract showed lymphocyte reactions to encephalitogenic factor (EF) of more than 10% as measured by the macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test and its modification (MOD-MEM). Whilst 13 patients with non-malignant disease of the genital tract and 30 normals showed lymphocyte reaction to EF of less than 6%, 4 patients with nonmalignant gynaecological disease gave values above the 10% limit. The lymphocyte reactions of this latter group of patients were discussed with respect to their previous clinical histories. Some of the malignant cases were carcinoma of the cervix in situ so that the MEM test would appear to be of value in the early diagnosis of cancer. The need for caution in the interpretation of results is discussed as well as further possible applications of the technique.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1976

[Combined immunosuppression with vincristine sulfate and cyclophosphamide (author's transl)].

Following immunization against sheep erythrozytes, it is possible to induce a double-peaked antibody response curve in the serum of experimental animals (rats) by using vincristine sulfate (Vi). Immunosuppression is enhanced in thymectomised and sensitised animals during rechallenge following Vi/Cy, as compared to animals treated with cyclophosphamide (Cy) alone, and an attentuated anamnestic reaction is subsequently observed. Survival time of allogeneic skin grafts in colony bred and inbred rat strains could not be prolonged by using Vi/Cy, as compared to animals treated with Cy alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Immunochemical investigations on the protein of the "pregnancy zone". X. Demonstration of immunosuppressive activities of the pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (pregnancy zone protein) by means of the macrophage electrophoretic mobility test (author's transl)].

By means of the macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test the supposed immunosuppressive activity of the pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein (pregnancy zone protein) could be demonstrated significantly. Pregnancy sera and sera of nonpregnant women with hormonal contraception containing this pregnancy protein showed an immunosuppresive activity, too. On the contrary, serum of male donors with the blood group AB and human serum albumin had no inhibitory effects. The results suggest that the pregnancy-associated alpha2-glycoprotein rather influences the afferent limb of the immune response and does not interfere with the activity of the mediator (migration inhibiting factor).

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1975

[Immunological aspects in EPH gestosis].

On the base of the fundamental knowledge on immunological reactions in the normal pregnancy the disease of the EPH-gestosis is described from the immunological viewpoint. The following facts may be significant: 1. The increased occurence of specific and nonspecific crossreacting antibodies against liver, kidney and placental tissue in the blood of pregnant women and puerperas. 2. The increased occurence of placental infarctions and throphoblastic defects as well as fibrinoid deposits in the placenta, the arteriols and in the kidney. 3. Changes in the protein composition of blood. 4. The changed maternal cell-mediated immunity.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

[Immunochemical demonstration of soluble antigens in the protein fractions of placental tissue].

Protein fractions were prepared from placental tissue by homogenization, ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The antigens detected in these fractions by absorbed antisera against placental tissue and pregnancy serum partly occur in the pregnancy and fetal serum too. The other antigens, which are found neither in pregnancy serum nor in fetal serum, could be specific for placental tissue. Their possible significance is discussed.

Antigens↗
PubMed1975

[Isolation of "pregnancy-zone" proteins using immuno absorbents and study of possible enzyme activities].

The purification of the pregnancy zone protein by means of immunoadsorbents is described. The pregnancy zone protein antibody was isolated from an absorbed rabbit antiserum and coupled with CNBr-activated sepharose. The pregnancy zone protein was isolated from pregnancy serum by the specific antibody cross-linked with sepharose. Contaminating serum proteins were eliminated by "inverse" immunoadsorption using antibodies against these proteins coupled with sepharose. An immunoelectrophoretically pure pregnancy zone protein was obtained. By means of a combination of immunoprecipitation and enzyme reaction in agar gel could be excluded that the pregnancy zone protein possesses activities of the following 11 enzymes: ceruloplasmin, leucine amino peptidase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylic esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphat-dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, acetyl cholinesterase and oxytocinase.

Adsorption↗