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Biomedical subjects

R Haupt

Publications and source records attributed to R Haupt.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Cytomorphological and cytochemical studies of experimentally-induced thyroid tumors in the rat].

Carcinomas were induced to the thyroid gland of female rats, using a method originally proposed by Thomas and Bollmann (metachronous application of nitrosomethylurea and methylthiouracil), to establish cytomorphological, histomorphological, cytochemical, and flow-cytophotometric criteria for diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. Verification was also intended of the diagnostic value of each of the methods involved for differentiation of nodular goitre. Another purpose of the study was to find out, whether chemically induced thyroid tumours in rat were comparable to thyroid neoplasms in man. This provided to the examiners genetically coherent and morphologically comparable biological material at various stages of thyroid tumour growth which included diffuse and adenomatous hyperplasias, adenomas, and, from the 18th to 42nd experimental weeks, papillary as well as follicular carcinomas in 31 to 100% of all experimental animals involved. Cytomorphological comparability of rat thyroid material (imprint specimens) with human material (fine-needle aspiration cytology) was ensured for normal as well as for hyperplastically altered thyroid glands, including adenomatous and carcinomatous changes. Hence, group typing of thyroid cytology, originally devised for human specimens, could be easily adapted to material obtained from rat. Assessment of cytological samples by microscopic criteria yielded an accuracy of 89% in malignoma diagnosis and proved to be an approach of highly informative potential also in the context of rat experiments. Use of additional cytochemical techniques (PAS, toluidine-blue, peroxidase, alkaline and acid phosphatases, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase) as well as quantitative DNA determination by means of flow-cytophotometry was helpful in casting light at some scattered trends of change from normal for certain stages of proliferation, but it failed to enhance information in cytomorphological diagnosis of the individual case.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1991

[Analysis of hyaluronic acid in punctates in biochemical functional tests of joints].

The punctates of the biochemical joint function test contain hydroxyethyl starch which disturbs the assay of uronic acid and glucosamine for the estimation of hyaluronate. Therefore hyaluronate (0.03-0.75 g/l) was estimated by precipitation with Alcian blue on cellulose acetate membranes and measuring of the absorbance at 678 nm after dissolution in aqueous SDS (75 g/l). The gel-filtration HPLC separates the high-molecular-mass hyaluronate from low-molecular-mass impurities of biological samples. By comparing with a standard curve (0.5-2.5 g/l hyaluronate) the concentration can be determined. The results obtained by the two methods were significantly correlated (p less than 0.05). The Alcian blue technique is useful for rapid screening, the HPLC technique to confirm these values.

Cellulose↗
PubMed1990

Secondary acute promyelocytic leukemia with t(8;21) and t(9;22) at onset and loss of the Philadelphia chromosome at relapse.

The translocation (8;21) is a typical marker of the M2 subtype of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, whereas the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome is predominantly associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia, and seldom with immature acute leukemias, either lymphoblastic or nonlymphoblastic. Furthermore, the association between t(8;21) and a Ph in the same cell is extremely rare. We present a case of secondary acute promyelocytic leukemia with a karyotype 46,XY,t(8;21), t(9;22) at onset. At relapse the patient lost the Ph, while maintaining the t(8;21). This apparently paradoxical pattern of cytogenetic features and evolution is discussed.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

ins(6;1) in a patient with congenital leukemia.

Q- and C-banded karyotypes of leukemic cells of a patient with congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed the karyotype: 46,XX,ins(6;1)(p21;p13p36). This rearrangement is unusual, and the breakpoints on chromosome 1 are interestingly close to known cellular oncogenes (N-ras, fgr, src-2) and to a putative antioncogene.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1989

Congenital leukemia: persistent spontaneous regression in a patient with an acquired abnormal karyotype.

Congenital leukemia is a rare disease accounting for about 1% of all leukemias in childhood. While cases associated with Down's syndrome not infrequently show a spontaneous regression, such an event is very rare in non-Down cases and exceptional in those (among the latter) which present clonal cytogenetic alterations in the neoplastic cells. We present the case of a patient with congenital leukemia and an abnormal karyotype (limited to the neoplastic clone), in which an apparently spontaneous and prolonged remission occurred after a relapse.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1989

[Differential diagnosis of drug-induced liver damage. Problems and conclusions from the viewpoint of the clinician].

Our analysis showed that in of more than 80% of the patients admitted to the infection hospital because of suspicion of viral hepatitis there is also an anamnesis of one or several drugs. Among 2944 patients, admitted with being suspect of having viral hepatitis, there were 128 patients (adequate to 4.4%) with a drug-induced liver injury diagnosed in the result of all clinical, serological, histological and immunological findings. Inducing noxes were - in accordance to the frequency of ordination - ovulation inhibitors followed by Berlocombin, Ketazon, Depressan and Obsidan. In view of a clinic for infectious diseases it has to be pointed to the necessity of a high degree of security in the differential diagnosis of the drug-induced liver injury in relation to the viral hepatitis and one has to consider the great responsibility of the clinician. Often a decision may only be taken in close interdisciplinary collaboration of gastroenterologists, pathologists, epidemiologists and immunologists.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The influence of mechanical loading on the knee-joint. Animal-experimental examinations.

A physiological maximal loading of the knee-joint of sheep is simulated by a 4-hour peak overloading of 24.5 N and a frequency of 42 impulses per minute. The reactions of articular cartilage, synovia and periarticular muscular tissue to the load were examined histologically, histochemically and biochemically. 20 hours after the loading we could observe a leucocytic influx into the joint and a metabolic hyperactivity in the examined tissue. The changes found during this acute phase are reversible as 180 days after peak overloading the parameters detected to be changed had returned to normal again.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[The nomenclature and typing of drug-induced liver changes. The opinion of a group of pathologists].

A working group of histopathologists with specialised liver training has established guidelines for a nomenclature of drug-induced liver lesions. It is recommended to use the term of drug-induced hepatitis for all cases of virus hepatitis-like picture. The most frequent type is that of hepatitis with confluent necrosis. This type of hepatitis was subdivided into three subtypes of diagnostic probability for differential diagnosis versus virus hepatitis.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
PubMed1987

Low molecular mass trypsin inhibitors in normal and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage.

A modified radial diffusion assay was used for the direct semiquantitative determination of low molecular mass trypsin inhibitors in small samples of human cartilage. The low molecular mass trypsin inhibitor in articular cartilage of normal human femoral heads is not distributed evenly but occurs in areas of low, medium and high content. The weight-bearing area of the femoral head belongs among the regions with low inhibitor content. The results obtained with osteoarthritic femoral heads showed that the inhibitor content in osteoarthritic cartilage is significantly lower than that in normal articular cartilage (p less than 0.1%).

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Semiquantitative determination of low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors in the presence of high molecular weight inhibitors by a modified radial diffusion assay.

The radial diffusion assay is very suitable for the determination of proteinase inhibitors in biological fluids. By combining radial diffusion and ultrafiltration, it has become possible to directly determine low molecular weight proteinase inhibitors in mixtures with inhibitors of higher molecular weight. By this modification the inhibitor solutions to be investigated are not pipetted into wells as usually, but are applied on small pieces of dialysis membranes lying on the gel. The exclusion limit of the membrane must be of a magnitude that the inhibitors of higher molecular weight are retained, whereas the inhibitors of lower molecular weight can diffuse into the gel. The modified method can be used for the direct determination of e.g. aprotinin (Mr 6500) in the presence of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (Mr 54,000), ovoinhibitor (Mr 50,000) and ovomucoid (Mr 27,000), respectively. The modified method is suitable for the direct determination of low molecular weight inhibitors of trypsin and papain in serum, synovial fluid and saliva. Tissue extracts containing 4 M guanidine hydrochloride or 6 M urea can be investigated directly, too.

Aprotinin↗
PubMed1987

[Detection of low molecular weight trypsin inhibitors in small samples of cartilage, cartilage extracts and synovial fluid by gel diffusion].

The radial diffusion assay is a very useful method for detection of low amounts of proteinase inhibitors in biological materials. The determination of low molecular weight (LMW) inhibitors in the presence of high molecular weight inhibitors is possible by the combination of radial diffusion and ultrafiltration. Using this method LMW trypsin inhibitors could be demonstrated in human articular cartilage, but not in human synovial fluid. In cow, pig and sheep a LMW trypsin inhibitor could be found in both the articular cartilage and in the synovial fluid. On the other hand, a LMW trypsin inhibitor could not be found neither in the canine cartilage nor in the canine synovial fluid. The method allows also the direct determination of LMW trypsin inhibitors in cartilage extracts in the presence of 4 M guanidinium hydrochloride or 6 M urea. Therefore, the method is recommended for direct determination of LMW inhibitors by column chromatographic separations of inhibitors.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Italian registry of patients off therapy after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Results after first phase of data collection.

The Italian Registry of Off-Therapy patients after childhood tumors now includes 760 subjects with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These patients were all removed from treatment by December 31, 1981, and were followed in 35 different institutions. All the children have received multiple-drug treatment, combined, in 79.7% of the cases, with cranial irradiation. Thirty-nine (5%) experienced a relapse before treatment suspension. Total duration of antileukemic therapy ranges between 18 and 131 months (median, 38). At the last updating (December 31, 1981), 699 subjects were alive, 6 were lost to follow-up, and 55 had died. Life-table analysis shows that 90.8% were alive and 77% were alive in continuous complete remission at 36 months, whereas at 66 months, the cumulative proportions were 88% and 75.5%, respectively. One hundred thirty-six of 760 relapses after therapy suspension were reported: 83 in male patients and 53 in female patients (P less than 0.01). The longest interval between relapse and treatment suspension was 64 months. Six of 55 died in continuous complete remission 3 to 44 months after treatment suspension. Five births of apparently normal babies to female patients have been reported. A general outline of the project and the future program are given.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1986

[Long-term analysis of non-A, non-B hepatitis--clinical, histologic and immunologic findings].

By means of a long-term analysis of histological and clinical-biochemical data taken of a group of patients (n = 38) having contracted an acute viral hepatitis non-A, non-B with a uniform parenteral source of infection evidence is given concerning the dynamic processes in the course of chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis. The analysis was therefore not based on the total biopsy material but on a section of 143 liver biopsies of patients who had been punctured at least 3 times (up to 6 times) in the 7 years of examination. A rate of 57,2% chronic persistent and 42,8% chronic lobular hepatitis was ascertained. A chronic active hepatitis or liver cirrhosis were not found. Both the histological activity degrees and ALAT-mean values were declining during the follow-up study though attacks (ALAT) and histological reactivations were observed in the 7th year, too. The data suggest that the chronic liver changes that developed in this type of non-A, non-B hepatitis proved to be extremely lingering but as a whole a regressive tendency could be observed.

Adult↗