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Biomedical subjects

R Harris

Publications and source records attributed to R Harris.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Manipulation of brain serotonin in the treatment of myoclonus.

The response of myoclonus to oral and intravenous L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-H.T.P.) in combination with a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor (carbidopa) and to clonazepam has been examined in 9 patients. Moderate improvement or complete cessation of myoclonus followed treatment with one or both of these regimens in 5 patients, 1 of whom also responded to the concurrent administration of L-tryptophan and a monoamineoxidase inhibitor. The remaining 4 patients were at best only slightly improved by either 5-H.T.P. or clonazepam. The responsive group consisted of 3 patients with a history of anoxia, 1 patient with non-history of severe head injury, and 1 patient with non-progressive focal myoclonus and epilepsy. This group had low levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid. It is suggested that 5-H.T.P. plus carbidopa, L-tryptophan plus a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor, and clonazepam may all act by elevating brain levels of serotonin (5-H.T.) and that some human myoclonic syndromes may be specifically related to a cerebral deficiency of 5-H.T.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1975

Barium enema findings in type I hepatorenal glycogen storage disease.

Four children with Type I hepatorenal glycogen storage have been studied by barium enema. All showed strikingly similar changes of a smooth-walled, slightly narrow but normal length colon without any haustration. The findings simulated colitis but the patients had either mild diarrhea or no gastrointestinal complaints. Small bowel series was normal. Endoscopy and biopsy failed to provide an adequate explanation, there being no evidence of glycogen storage in the biopsy material and the degree of colitis in two patients who were endoscoped was minimal. The explanation for these radiographic findings is not known at present, although they have similarities to the "cathartic colon syndrome" described in adults.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1975

Innervation of the temporomandibular joint.

The human temporomandibular joint in transverse and longitudinal section was found to have two types of mechanoreceptors. One of capsular form approximately 40 times 200 mum innervated by myelinated nerve fibres 8 mum in diameter and the other corresponding to the Golgi tendon organ was innervated by myelinated nerve fibers 15 mum in diameter which on entering the tendon organ lost their myelin sheaths.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1975

Analysis of jaw opening reflexes.

Electromyograms were compared with kinematograms recorded for 35 male dental students, average age 25 years, with full occlusions and without temporomandibular joint dysfunction. The records were obtained during the open-close-clench cycle rhythmically performed as the patient occluded on the molar teeth. The mechanical tracings disclosed seven subjects with centric slide and the duration of the cycle was significantly longer than normal. The kinematographic latency of the jaw opening reflex was found to be about equal to the sum of the electromyographic latency and inhibition.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1975

Heredity in primary endocardial fibroelastosis.

Twenty-six cases of endocardial fibroelastosis were collected from three hospitals in Manchester over a ten-year period. Nine cases occurred in 4 families and these are discussed in detail. X-linked recessive inheritance seems likely in one family in which two probable female carriers had subarachnoid haemorrhages. In a second family an apparently normal man produced two children with endocardial fibroelastosis by different mothers suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance. Autosomal recessive inheritance may be involved in the remaining two families but this was not associated with consanguinity. Genetic heterogeneity is evident in endocardial fibroelastosis and the majority of cases occur sporadically. An accurate family history is therefore necessary but it is difficult to give precise recurrence risks in sporadic cases.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1975

Anatomy and histology of the human temporomandibular joint.

1. The anatomy and histology of the human temporomandibular joint indicates that the meniscus is firmly attached to the mandibular condyle and that during translatory movements the meniscus and condyle move concomitantly. The lateral pterygoid muscle, both inferior and superior heads insert into the meniscus and the pterygoid fovea of the condyle. 2. The structure of the gracilis and pars posterior indicate that these are the parts of the meniscus that are exposed to friction during jaw movement. It is suggested that during hinge movement the sagittal crest of the condyle moves from underneath the pars posterior to underneath the pars gracilis. 3. The restraining ligament for the articulation appears to be the lateral ligament. Its function is to keep the articular surfaces relatively close together during movement and to restrain lateral and posterior movements of the condyle. Its intimate association with the deep fibres of the masseter muscle appears to be important. 4. The fact that the meniscus is thicker medially than laterally would indicate that its major function is to smooth out the incongruities between the joint surfaces. 5. The sphenomandibular ligament as well as being a 'guy' ligament is intimately associated with the postero-superior medial capsular meniscal complex. The medial capsular complex would seem to contribute to the major part of the anterior ligament to the malleus. 6. Remodelling of the articular surfaces occur throughout life by progressive and regressive remodelling. However, if the remodelling processes increase, either the medio-lateral or antero-posterior dimensions of the joint an osteoarthritic condition prevails. 7. Excessive progressive remodelling appears to be due to abnormal positions of the condyle in the maximal intercuspal position. It can be caused by orthodontic procedures or by experimental displacement of the condyle. 8. The transitional zone appears to be important in the aetiology of osteoarthritis since when this zone comes under pressure proliferation of cartilage cells occur which may be transformed into bone, resulting in the hooked condyle.

Cartilage, Articular↗