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Biomedical subjects

R Green

Publications and source records attributed to R Green.

At least 487 records · Page 27Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Protein energy malnutrition in coloured children in Western Township, Johannesburg. Part II. Prevalence and severity.

Anthropometric measures of growth and serum albumin and transferrin concentrations were assessed in 344 Coloured children aged from 1 to 16 years living in Western Township, Johannesburg. About one third of children were diagnosed as suffering from protein energy malnutrition (PEM) on the basis of weight-for-age below the 3rd percentile. The prevalence varied in different age groups, and was highest in the group aged from 5 to 8 years. A high prevalence of abnormally low head circumference measurements was found in the 1-year-old children (41, 2%). The severity of PEM was relatively mild, as reflected by the serum albumin and transferrin concentrations, and the almost total absence of oedema among the children. A positive association of breast feeding and income with growth was noted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Protein energy malnutrition in Coloured children in Western Township, Johannesburg. Part 1. The ecological background.

One hundred coloured families selected at random from the "old" and "new" areas of Western tpownship in Johannesburg were investigated. The mothers were interview to gain some insight into the "ecology of malnutrition" in this community. The results of this sociological survey revealed rumerous socio-economic problems in both areas, but more so in the "old" area. Low earnings and overcrowding were common in the "old" area. In both areas, it was found that breast feeding was not continued for long. Although in both mothers seemed well-informed about child-care, striking discrepancies between knowledge and practice were noted. It is suggested that an intergrated programme involving the community and directed toward multiple problems would be more efficacious than a simple nutritional programme in eradicating malnutrition in this community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The capacity of pig articular cartilage in organ culture to regenerate after breakdown induced by complement-sufficient antiserum to pig erythrocytes.

Explants of pig articular cartilage including invading marrow and subchondral bone (together='invasion zone') were cultivated for 10 or 14 days in complement-sufficient rabbit antiserum to pig erythrocytes (AS+C'), and then transferred to heat-inactivated normal rabbit serum (NRS) for a period of recovery. In AS+C' the cartilage matrix lost first proteoglycan and then collagen, but the cells remained viable. The degradation of collagen was accompanied by a fibroblastic transformation of the chodrocytes, first seen in the region immediately above the invasion zone. Immunohistochemical studies showed that after cultivation in AS+C', IgG antibodies entered areas in which the matrix was depleted of proteoglycan and reacted strongly with the majority of chondrocytes; those that had under-gone fibroblastic transformation exhibited little or no reaction. The degree of recovery in NRS depended on the extent to which the matrix had broken down in AS+C'. If degradation of collagen was confined to the region immediately above the invasion zone, and elsewhere only proteoglycan had been lost, new metachromatic material was regenerated in the non-calcified cartilage, and the fibroblast-like chondrocytes resumed their normal appearance and regained their reactivity with the IgG antibodies of AS; new cartilage and chondroid tissue appeared in the cavities of the invasion zone. If degradation of collagen and fibroblastic transformation of chondrocytes had spread throughout the cartilage, breakdown continued in NRS and cartilage disappeared completely above the invasion zone; new cartilage waw sometimes formed in the cavities of the invasione zone.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Protein calorie malnutrition and nutritional anaemia in Black pre-school children in a South African semirural community.

The incidence of nutritional anaemia and of protein calorie malnutrition in 119 randomly selected Black children living in the Muldersdrift area was studied. The ecology of nutritional problems in the community was also investigated. Major problems in the area were poor educational and medical facilities, a high childhood mortality rate and poor cash incomes. An important factor which influenced nutrition was large family size. The incidence of protein calorie malnutrition was 27,6% and of nutritional anaemia 13,3%. In the second year of life the incidence of anaemia was 27,3%. The main cause of anaemia was iron deficiency.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1976

The pig synovium. I. The intact synovium in vivo and in organ culture.

1. The normal synovium of the metacarpophalangeal joints of young pigs was examined by light and electron microscopy with special reference to the superficial layer (intima). 2. Cells of the macrophage-like or A-type (Barland et al. 1962) constituted only a small proportion of the intimal synoviocytes; the majority were of the intermediate and B-types. 3. Synovial villi were explanted on Millipore filters and maintained as organ cultures. The intimal cells in contact with the Millipore formed long branched processes which penetrated deeply into the substrate; these cells, which had a very well-developed endoplasmic reticulum, resembled those of the B-type. The synoviocytes at the upper (free) surface of the villus withdrew their long processes, acquired lamelliform pseudopodia, and their endoplasmic reticulum regressed; they were similar in appearance to the A-type. 4. In the organ cultures the highly branched cells (B-type) next to the Millipore were less phagocytic than the rounded cells (A-type) at the free surface of the villus.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Effect of sodium amylosulfate (Depepsen) on the healing of duodenal ulcer.

Thirty-five patients with active duodenal ulceration were included in a double blind randomized trial, the antiulcer agent sodium amylosulfate (Depepsen), being compared with placebo. Diagnosis and healing were determined by duodenoscopy. Results showed, in the whole series, 13 of 18 patients treated with Depepsen healed, whereas 10 of 17 healed on placebo (P = 0.04). In the group of 23 outpatients, 6 of 11 healed on Depepsen, and 5 of 12 healed on placebo (P = 0.55). It was concluded that Depepsen did not accelerate the healing of duodenal ulcer.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and air encephalography.

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord is a rare complication of vitamin B12 deficiency and is seldom encountered today. A case of Addisonian pernicious anaemia is reported in which the classical signs of subacute combined degeneration developed suddenly after air encephalography had been performed. The patient made a complete recovery.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1975

Tissue vitamin B-12 assay by a radioisotope dilution technique.

A method is described for the measurement of vitamin B-12 (B-12) in solid tissues by radioisotope dilution (RID) assay. The method is a modivication using double extraction of a serum B-12 RID assay which uses chicken serum as the B-12 binder. The method was developed and tested using human and bat liver specimens. Double extraction was shown to be more efficient than single extraction, and resulted in complete release of endogenous liver [57Co] B-12 administered to bats. Results using the RID assay in 16 humans and 17 bat liver specimens were compared with those obtained using the Lactobacillus leichmannii microbiological assay. Correlation was good, but the RID assay gave higher results using the microbiological assay appear to be due to inadequate extraction of B-12 from tissues.

Animals↗